22 research outputs found
Insects of Western North America. 2. The cicadas of Colorado (Homoptera: Cicadidae, Tibicinidae)
May 15, 2002
New X-ray Clusters in the EMSS II: Optical Properties
We present optical images for 9 new clusters of galaxies we have found in a
reanalysis of the Einstein IPC images comprising the Extended Medium
Sensitivity Survey (EMSS). Based on the presence of a red sequence of galaxies
in a color-magnitude (CM) diagram, a redshift is estimated for each cluster.
Galaxy overdensities (cluster richnesses) are measured in each field using the
B_gc statistic which allows their plausible identification with the X-ray
emission. The nature of our X-ray detection algorithm suggests that most of
these clusters have low X-ray surface brightness (LSB) compared to the
previously known EMSS clusters. We compare the optical and X-ray observations
of these clusters with the well-studied Canadian Network for Observational
Cosmology (CNOC) subsample of the EMSS, and conclude that the new clusters
exhibit a similar range of optical richnesses, X-ray luminosities, and,
somewhat surprisingly, galaxy populations as the predominantly rich, relaxed
EMSS/CNOC clusters.Comment: Accepted to ApJ, 17 pages, 14 figures, uses emulateapj5.st
Sensitive species and natural communities known to occur on the Picket Wire Canyonlands, Comanche National Grassland, Colorado
November 15, 1995.Christopher A. Pague ... [et al.]
The X-ray Size-Temperature Relation for Intermediate Redshift Galaxy Clusters
We present the first measurements of the X-ray size-temperature (ST) relation
in intermediate redshift (z~0.30) galaxy clusters. We interpret the local ST
relation (z~0.06) in terms of underlying scaling relations in the cluster dark
matter properties, and then we use standard models for the redshift evolution
of those dark matter properties to show that the ST relation does not evolve
with redshift. We then use ROSAT HRI observations of 11 clusters to examine the
intermediate redshift ST relation; for currently favored cosmological
parameters, the intermediate redshift ST relation is consistent with that of
local clusters. Finally, we use the ST relation and our evolution model to
measure angular diameter distances; with these 11 distances we evaluate
constraints on Omega_M and Omega_L which are consistent with those derived from
studies of Type Ia supernovae. The data rule out a model with Omega_M=1 and
Omega_L=0 with 2.5 sigma confidence. When limited to models where
Omega_M+Omega_L=1, these data are inconsistent with Omega_M=1 with 3 sigma
confidence.Comment: ApJ: submitted April 7, accepted June 28, to appear Dec 1 (vol 544
Natural heritage inventory of the town of Vail: final report
Prepared for: the town of Vail.March 29, 1994
New X-ray Clusters in the EMSS I: Modifications to the XLF
The complete ensemble of Einstein Imaging Proportional Counter (IPC) X-ray
images has been re-processed and re-analyzed using a multi-aperture source
detection algorithm. A catalog of 772 new source candidates detected within the
central regions of the 1435 IPC fields comprising the Extended Medium
Sensitivity Survey (EMSS) has been compiled. By comparison, 478 EMSS sources
fall within the same area of sky. A randomly-selected subsample of 133 fields
was first examined. We found that most of these sources are either the
summation of two or more lower count rate point sources that fall within the
larger detection apertures or are single point sources, while \leq 2.3% of the
full catalog of sources are extrapolated to be actual distant (z > 0.14)
clusters whose extended X-ray structure kept them from being detected in the
EMSS despite having sufficient total flux.
We then constructed other subsamples specifically selected to contain those
X-ray sources most likely to be clusters. Both a database search and an optical
imaging campaign have found several new distant clusters, setting a firm lower
limit on the number of new clusters in the entire catalog. We estimate that the
original EMSS cluster sample is 72-83% complete. We update the Henry et al.
1992 EMSS distant cluster sample with more recent information, and use the
redshifts and X-ray luminosities for these new EMSS clusters to compute a
revised X-ray Luminosity Function (XLF). The addition of these new high-z,
high-L_X clusters to the EMSS is sufficient to remove the requirement for
``negative'' evolution at high-L_X out to z~0.5. We conclude that the EMSS has
systematically missed clusters of low surface brightness.Comment: Accepted to ApJ, 32 pages, 8 figures, uses emulateapj5.sty, for
associated data table see
http://casa.colorado.edu/~lewisad/research/nemsscatalog.htm
Neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 immunotherapy promotes a survival benefit with intratumoral and systemic immune responses in recurrent glioblastoma.
Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults and is associated with poor survival. The Ivy Foundation Early Phase Clinical Trials Consortium conducted a randomized, multi-institution clinical trial to evaluate immune responses and survival following neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant therapy with pembrolizumab in 35 patients with recurrent, surgically resectable glioblastoma. Patients who were randomized to receive neoadjuvant pembrolizumab, with continued adjuvant therapy following surgery, had significantly extended overall survival compared to patients that were randomized to receive adjuvant, post-surgical programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade alone. Neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade was associated with upregulation of T cell- and interferon-Îł-related gene expression, but downregulation of cell-cycle-related gene expression within the tumor, which was not seen in patients that received adjuvant therapy alone. Focal induction of programmed death-ligand 1 in the tumor microenvironment, enhanced clonal expansion of T cells, decreased PD-1 expression on peripheral blood T cells and a decreasing monocytic population was observed more frequently in the neoadjuvant group than in patients treated only in the adjuvant setting. These findings suggest that the neoadjuvant administration of PD-1 blockade enhances both the local and systemic antitumor immune response and may represent a more efficacious approach to the treatment of this uniformly lethal brain tumor
Reduced dielectric screening and enhanced energy transfer in single and few-layer MoS2
We report highly efficient non-radiative energy transfer from cadmium
selenide (CdSe) quantum dots to monolayer and few-layer molybdenum disulfide
(MoS2). The quenching of the donor quantum dot photoluminescence increases as
the MoS2 flake thickness decreases, with the highest efficiency (>95%) observed
for monolayer MoS2. This counterintuitive result arises from reduced dielectric
screening in thin layer semiconductors having unusually large permittivity and
a strong in-plane transition dipole moment, as found in MoS2. Excitonic energy
transfer between a 0D emitter and a 2D absorber is fundamentally interesting
and enables a wide range of applications including broadband optical
down-conversion, optical detection, photovoltaic sensitization, and color
shifting in light-emitting devices.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure