836 research outputs found
Uses of zeta regularization in QFT with boundary conditions: a cosmo-topological Casimir effect
Zeta regularization has proven to be a powerful and reliable tool for the
regularization of the vacuum energy density in ideal situations. With the
Hadamard complement, it has been shown to provide finite (and meaningful)
answers too in more involved cases, as when imposing physical boundary
conditions (BCs) in two-- and higher--dimensional surfaces (being able to
mimic, in a very convenient way, other {\it ad hoc} cut-offs, as non-zero
depths). What we have considered is the {\it additional} contribution to the cc
coming from the non-trivial topology of space or from specific boundary
conditions imposed on braneworld models (kind of cosmological Casimir effects).
Assuming someone will be able to prove (some day) that the ground value of the
cc is zero, as many had suspected until very recently, we will then be left
with this incremental value coming from the topology or BCs. We show that this
value can have the correct order of magnitude in a number of quite reasonable
models involving small and large compactified scales and/or brane BCs, and
supergravitons.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure, Talk given at the Seventh International Workshop
Quantum Field Theory under the Influence of External Conditions, QFEXT'05,
Barcelona, September 5-9, 200
Topology, Mass and Casimir energy
The vacuum expectation value of the stress energy tensor for a massive scalar
field with arbitrary coupling in flat spaces with non-trivial topology is
discussed. We calculate the Casimir energy in these spaces employing the
recently proposed {\it optical approach} based on closed classical paths. The
evaluation of the Casimir energy consists in an expansion in terms of the
lengths of these paths. We will show how different paths with corresponding
weight factors contribute in the calculation. The optical approach is also used
to find the mass and temperature dependence of the Casimir energy in a cavity
and it is shown that the massive fields cannot be neglected in high and low
temperature regimes. The same approach is applied to twisted as well as spinor
fields and the results are compared with those in the literature.Comment: 18 pages, 1 figure, RevTex format, Typos corrected and references
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On the issue of imposing boundary conditions on quantum fields
An interesting example of the deep interrelation between Physics and
Mathematics is obtained when trying to impose mathematical boundary conditions
on physical quantum fields. This procedure has recently been re-examined with
care. Comments on that and previous analysis are here provided, together with
considerations on the results of the purely mathematical zeta-function method,
in an attempt at clarifying the issue. Hadamard regularization is invoked in
order to fill the gap between the infinities appearing in the QFT renormalized
results and the finite values obtained in the literature with other procedures.Comment: 13 pages, no figure
Temperature effect in the Casimir attraction of a thin metal film
The Casimir effect for conductors at arbitrary temperatures is theoretically
studied. By using the analytical properties of the Green functions and applying
the Abel-Plan formula to Lifshitz's equation, the Casimir force is presented as
sum of a temperature dependent and vacuum contributions of the fluctuating
electromagnetic field. The general results are applied to the system consisting
of a bulk conductor and a thin metal film. It is shown that a characteristic
frequency of the thermal fluctuations in this system is proportional to the
square root of a thickness of the metal film. For the case of the sufficiently
high temperatures when the thermal fluctuations play the main role in the
Casimir interaction, this leads to the growth of the effective dielectric
permittivity of the film and to a disappearance of the dependence of Casimir's
force on the sample thickness.Comment: LaTeX 2.09, 8 pages, no figure
Hamiltonian approach to the dynamical Casimir effect
A Hamiltonian approach is introduced in order to address some severe problems
associated with the physical description of the dynamical Casimir effect at all
times. For simplicity, the case of a neutral scalar field in a one-dimensional
cavity with partially transmitting mirrors (an essential proviso) is
considered, but the method can be extended to fields of any kind and higher
dimensions. The motional force calculated in our approach contains a reactive
term --proportional to the mirrors' acceleration-- which is fundamental in
order to obtain (quasi)particles with a positive energy all the time during the
movement of the mirrors --while always satisfying the energy conservation law.
Comparisons with other approaches and a careful analysis of the interrelations
among the different results previously obtained in the literature are carried
out.Comment: 4 pages, no figures; version published in Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 (2006)
13040
Dynamical Casimir Effect with Semi-Transparent Mirrors, and Cosmology
After reviewing some essential features of the Casimir effect and,
specifically, of its regularization by zeta function and Hadamard methods, we
consider the dynamical Casimir effect (or Fulling-Davis theory), where related
regularization problems appear, with a view to an experimental verification of
this theory. We finish with a discussion of the possible contribution of vacuum
fluctuations to dark energy, in a Casimir like fashion, that might involve the
dynamical version.Comment: 11 pages, Talk given in the Workshop ``Quantum Field Theory under the
Influence of External Conditions (QFEXT07)'', Leipzig (Germany), September 17
- 21, 200
Gauge Dependence of the Effective Average Action in Einstein Gravity
We study the gauge dependence of the effective average action Gamma_k and
Newtonian gravitational constant using the RG equation for Gamma_k. Then we
truncate the space of action functionals to get a solution of this equation. We
solve the truncated evolution equation for the Einstein gravity in the De
Sitter background for a general gauge parameter alpha and obtain a system of
equations for the cosmological and the Newtonian constants. Analyzing the
running of the gravitational constant we find that the Newtonian constant
depends strongly on the gauge parameter. This leads to the appearance of
antiscreening and screening behavior of the quantum gravity. The resolution of
the gauge dependence problem is suggested. For physical gauges like the
Landau-De Witt gauge the Newtonian constant shows an antiscreening.Comment: 19 pages, LaTeX, 1 figure, misprints correcte
Nursing Virtual Reality Training Program for SBIRT (Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment)
Can a virtual reality training simulator enhance a nurse's ability to learn basic screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) skills better than traditional training programs? Based on SBIRT’s universal screening process, it was determined that the most beneficial training application would be one that created role playing simulations wherein practitioners could test their skills and knowledge within an immersive environment. The portability and accessibility provided by this virtual reality application not only addresses the limited opportunities students must practice screening and brief intervention skills, but also presents a practical solution to conducting tests while keeping physical distancing measures in place. As today’s world faces the need for strict social distancing measures, technologies like virtual reality open doors to practice a new way of interaction and learning. Past studies have researched whether standard online video training modules, in-person instruction, role-plays and optional patient simulations have a sufficient effect in student practitioner’s overall performance; however, simulated training in virtual reality was not considered as part of the equation. Our research will be focused on the efficacy of our virtual reality training simulator on a student’s acquisition and retention of the relevant learning material. We will do this by measuring the amount of exposure that is needed before significant changes are observed in a practitioner’s SBIRT knowledge, skills, and confidence when compared to other traditional programs. By utilizing text-to-speech solutions, user audio input, and lip-synced animation on virtual avatars, we can create a realistic environment that nurses can use to practice and test their SBIRT skills. With a variety of scenarios, voices, and characters, the application “Nursing Virtual Reality SBIRT Training Program” will provide a variety of simulated environments for training and education in healthcare
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