From Hide to Hose...

Stockings, made of various kinds of materials, have been worn by man since very early times. Our ancestors wrapped dried strips of animals\u27 skins around their legs and feet, much as army men wrap puttees, as a protection from sharp grasses, poison snakes, lizards and the stones underfoot. Later coarse thread was made from barks and roots of trees, and stockings were woven in much the same way as baskets. When man began to spin wool of animals into yarn, the textile industry was born

Divine Impassibility: A Comparison of Weinandy\u27s and Culpepper\u27s Perspectives on Whether God Suffers

From being generally regarded as a philosophical and theological impossibility, since the late nineteenth century the idea that God suffers has become popular and attractive among a vast array of Christian theologians. Due to this shift, many theologians no longer see the need to argue for it and divine passibility has even been called the ‘new orthodoxy.’ The matter has not yet been laid to rest and is made more complex because the terms ‘suffering’ and ‘impassibility’ are used with a variety of connotations. At the heart of the debate is the desire to assert God’s personalised love for all human beings. If suffering is intrinsic to love, as some ‘passibilists’ state, only a suffering God can also be a God who loves humankind absolutely and unconditionally. Also at stake is the salvation of human beings. For some, a suffering God necessarily implies His lack of transcendence and thus His impotence. From their perspective, Jesus suffers only in His humanity. The divine attributes of omnipotence and immutability are wholly unaffected by the crucifixion. For others, the intimacy of the hypostatic union makes it possible to attribute suffering to the Son in His divinity. Furthermore, by deciding to grant free will to humankind, God makes Himself vulnerable; the eternal knowledge of the divine permission for evil establishes an ‘eternal wound’ in God. This essay will examine the contrasting positions of Thomas Weinandy and Gary Culpepper to assess how it can be said that God must or must not suffer

And How They Came-

The 30th annual Farm and Home Week descended upon Iowa State campus with more enthusiasm and interest than ever, if enrollment can be used as an index. There were 34,366 visitors on the campus during the week of Feb. 2 to 7, 794 more than were registered last year. This year 1,009, or 29 percent of the visitors were women

Batik Goes Modern...

Batik, while a comparatively new method of decorating textiles in the United States, has been used for several thousand years in the Eastern world. Today modem effects may be obtained at the expense of a little time and effort, and much enjoyment may be gained by the worker

The effects of bariatric surgery on fetal development and neonatal outcomes

BACKGROUND: Over two-thirds of the United States population is considered overweight or obese. Bariatric surgery is often used when conservative weight loss measures fail. The majority of bariatric surgeries are performed on women of childbearing age. Women who become pregnant following bariatric surgery have a decreased occurrence of gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders and macrosomia, but they also have an increased risk of small for gestational age infants (SGA), with the greatest risk of SGA infants following malabsorptive and mixed bariatric surgery procedures. STUDY: A gap in the literature exists regarding the risks of SGA and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) compared to sleeve gastrectomy (SG), the two most common procedures in the United States in 2014. This study will be a multi-center retrospective cohort study that will identify the risk of IUGR following RYGB and SG. CONCLUSION: This study will improve our understanding of the effects on pregnancy following RYGB and SG. The most innovative, and hardest, part of this study will be the collection of data on as many SG women as possible. This will be the biggest hurdle because SG is a relatively new procedure, so the prevalence of pregnancy following SG is low. PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE: A better understanding of the effects of the most common bariatric procedural types on pregnancy is important given the prevalence of bariatric surgery among women of childbearing age. It will allow bariatric surgeons to better council their patients on a surgery type for those that may be considering pregnancy afterwards, and enable obstetricians to have a better understanding of the risks associated with their patient’s pregnancy

Re-Imagining Local Governance: The Landscape of "Local" in Toronto

In 1997, the Province of Ontario formed the City of Toronto, amalgamating one regional and six small municipalities into a single city government. This action altered the formal institutions of local governance, replacing what was once regional with a City Council meant to represent city-wide issues, and without providing a clear model for local or smaller-than-city decision-making. The purpose of this dissertation is to conceptualize the meaning of local governance within the City of Toronto as a result of the overlap of wards (as represented by councillors), community councils, business improvement areas and neighbourhood associations, each of which claim geographical boundaries as justification for the representation of locally-based populations, and claim to be open to participation to some degree. This research asks whether the overlap of these bodies has unrecognized consequences, in particular, the effect on historically marginalized residents. This dissertation offers a theoretical conceptualization of local governance grounded in legal pluralism and legal geography that presents the city as a set of uneven and overlapping local legal spaces operating on multiple scales. Using a mixed methods approach that includes doctrinal review, case studies, and semi-structured interviews, the dissertation finds that wards dominate the law and practice of local decision-making, and do not represent an inclusive local governance model in Toronto. BIAs and neighbourhood associations are unevenly distributed across and the city, exist mainly in the socio-economically privileged areas and have grown in number and broadened their mandates since Torontos 1997 amalgamation. Torontos community councils, which were initially conceived by the province as a means to provide local access to municipal decision-making, have failed to achieve their legislative potential. The dissertation concludes that reimagined community councils, grounded within a normative understanding of the urban commons, serve as a means to create a more inclusive and participatory local governance model in Toronto

Woman\u27s place in the fight for a better world

https://stars.library.ucf.edu/prism/1042/thumbnail.jp

Non-invasive monitoring of lipofuscin: an imaging technique predictive for age-related macular degeneration

This paper outlines the progression of age-related macular degeneration in the eye and discusses the diagnostic approaches and therapies used currently to treat this disease. Age-related macular degeneration has a complicated pathophysiology involving genetic and environmental factors. This paper focuses its attention on the role of lipofuscin accumulation in this disease. Lipofuscin in the eye refers to the bisretinoid products of the visual cycle. While lipofuscin accumulation is normal in healthy eyes, the excessive accumulation causes retinal dysfunction. Lipofuscin accumulation has been linked heavily not only to age-related macular degeneration but also juvenile macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, Best’s Villiform disease, and many others. New techniques in ophthalmic research have evaluated the role of lipofuscin accumulation in such retinal genetic diseases. This paper proposes an approach to apply techniques such as quantified autofluorescence imaging and high-powered liquid chromatography of bisretinoids in the eye to track the role of lipofuscin accumulation in the progression of age-related macular degeneration

Re-Imagining Local Governance: The Landscape of Local in Toronto

In 1997, the Province of Ontario formed the City of Toronto, amalgamating one regional and six small municipalities into a single city government. This action altered the formal institutions of local governance, replacing what was once regional with a City Council meant to represent city-wide issues, and without providing a clear model for local or smaller-than-city decision-making. The purpose of this dissertation is to conceptualize the meaning of local governance within the City of Toronto as a result of the overlap of wards (as represented by councillors), community councils, business improvement areas and neighbourhood associations, each of which claim geographical boundaries as justification for the representation of locally-based populations, and claim to be open to participation to some degree. This research asks whether the overlap of these bodies has unrecognized consequences, in particular, the effect on historically marginalized residents. This dissertation offers a theoretical conceptualization of local governance grounded in legal pluralism and legal geography that presents the city as a set of uneven and overlapping local legal spaces operating on multiple scales. Using a mixed methods approach that includes doctrinal review, case studies, and semi-structured interviews, the dissertation finds that wards dominate the law and practice of local decision-making, and do not represent an inclusive local governance model in Toronto. BIAs and neighbourhood associations are unevenly distributed across and the city, exist mainly in the socio-economically privileged areas and have grown in number and broadened their mandates since Torontos 1997 amalgamation. Torontos community councils, which were initially conceived by the province as a means to provide local access to municipal decision-making, have failed to achieve their legislative potential. The dissertation concludes that reimagined community councils, grounded within a normative understanding of the urban commons, serve as a means to create a more inclusive and participatory local governance model in Toronto

An investigation into post-traumatic stress disorder following stroke

There is now increased recognition that Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can occur after Traumatic Brain Injury (McMillan, 1996; Bryant & Harvey 1999). Recent literature highlights the occurrence of traumatic incidents which, although accompanied by brain injury, result in symptoms consistent with PTSD. Furthermore, this raises the question of whether PTSD can occur after non-traumatic brain injury, for example, stroke (Sembi et al. 1998). Memory for the event appears to be important in the development of PTSD symptoms particularly in relation to re-experiencing the event. The role of memory for the event in the development of PTSD following acquired brain injury remains unclear (Sbordone & Liter 1995).Following on from work by Berry (1998), this study aimed to confirm whether it is possible for PTSD to occur following both haemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke. The effect of loss of consciousness on memory for the event, as well as the consequence of this on subsequent psychological distress is explored. The implications of a stressor which disrupts brain function is considered with particular emphasis on the frequency and type of symptoms reported.The thirty-two individuals who participated in this study had recently experienced either a haemorrhagic or an ischaemic stroke. All participants were screened to exclude those who had severe cognitive impairment. Participants completed self-report measures describing current psychological distress including symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Semistructured interviews were conducted to diagnose PTSD. Data was collected on type, location and severity of stroke as well as demographic details. The results are discussed with reference to previous research findings