AENSI Journals Advances in Environmental Biology Antibacterial Activity of Some Plant Extracts on Salmonella with Special Reference to Its Resistance Pattern

The present work was planned to isolate, characterize and evaluate the prevalence of salmonella serotypes in 500 samples (herbs, water, fish, shrimps and different types of meat) as well as detection of haemolysin production, Congo Red binding activity, serum activity and antimicrobial susceptibility test. Seventy six samples out of 500 samples were found to be positive to salmonella with a percentage of 15.2%. Salmonella Typhmurium, Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Gallinarum were the most prevalence serotype among the recovered isolates with percentages of 28.94%, 19.73% and 17.1%, respectively. The study showed that all 76 Salmonella isolates were negative in Congo Red binding test. Also they were sensitive to bactericidal effect of human and sheep serum (100%).The results of haemolysis showed that all serotypes had no hemolytic activity. The result of antibiotics sensitivity indicated that the recovered Salmonella isolates were highly resistant to ampicillin, Amikacin, Gentamycin, Penicillin and amoxicillin (100%) followed by Ciprofloxacine, Amoxicillin+Clavulanic acid and Norfloxacin with percentages of 80%, 67% and 63, respectively. The result of bactericidal effect of ethanolic plant extract showed that Coriander, Ginger, Laura leaf, Black pepper, Chilly, basil, mint, Fenugreek, Lemon, Anise, Black cumin, Marjoram, Chamomile, Thyme, Cumin, and Cinnamon did not show bactericidal activity against Salmonella strains. While Hibiscus, showed intermediate bactericidal activity in concentration 100% and in concentration of 50% and 25% showed no bactericidal effect