Larvicidal potency of Mexican poppy ( Argemone mexicana L.) seed oil alone or mixed with selected vegetable oils against mosquito larvae

       البعوض عائل مهم لمرض الملاريا . قاتلات االيرقات الزيتية تستعمل لقتل اليرقات بواسطة السمية او الاختناق. بذور الارجمون مكسكانا تنتج زيت ثابت يحتوي علي قلويدات سامة، اظهرت سمية ضد يرقات البعوض عند استخدامها في صور مستحلب مركز. في هذه الدراسة تم استخدام زيت بذور الارجمون مخلوطا" مع زيوت طعام كتجهيزات قاتلة لليرقات. استخدمت للتخفيفات الزيوت المستخلصة من بذور الفول السوداني , زهرة الشمس, السمسم والذره الشامية. تم تقييم زيت الأرجمون علي يرقات البعوض بعد تخفيفه بالنسب (25%,75%,100%) من الزيوت المذكورة. اظهر الزيت النقي لبذور الأرجمون سمية متزايدة مع زمن التعرض وصلت حتي 100%. عند مقارنة تأثير الزيوت الأخرى مع زيت الأرجمون وجد ان زيت الفول السوداني له خاصية تضاد مع زيت الأرجمون. زيت السمسم اظهر سمية بسيطة جدا" عند استعماله منفردا"  مع انه تسبب في زيادة فعالية الأرجمون بعد التخفيف به اكثر من زيت زهرة الشمس. اظهر زيت الذرة الشامية النقي فاعلية كقاتل يرقات تماثل فاعلية الأرجمون وعند خلط تخفيفاته مع زيت الأرجمون لم تتأثر فعاليته

Physiological and biochemical responses of marine copepods in different ecological habitats to nickel and cadmium exposure

重金属是常见的环境污染物，具有持久性、高毒性以及能在生物体内累积的特点，危害水生生物的生存。因此，开展水环境中重金属监测有助于限制重金属水生生物的不良面影响是十分必要的。通常，对水生环境中重金属的监测是通过分析重金属在水层和沉积物中的浓度。然而，由于重金属能溶解于水环境或者进入生物体，这种方法所获得的信息是不准确的。因此，生物标记被应用于诊断环境污染和评价重金属对生物体的影响。由于能体现生物的信息，生物标记物在当代环境监测中占有十分重要的地位，但是将它应用于大规模的环境监测将成为进一步的挑战。污染物的影响机制在低营养级的生物群体中常常更显著，然而生态学意义在高的营养级中更明显。为了提高环境监测...Heavy metals are common environmental pollutants and are considered hazardous to aquatic life because of their persistence, high toxicity, tendency to bioaccumulate, and because they are available through many diverse anthropogenic sources. Thus, environmental monitoring is essential to limit adverse effects of heavy metal pollution to aquatic organisms. Conventionally, monitoring of heavy metals ...学位：理学博士院系专业：海洋与环境学院海洋学系_海洋生物学学号：2242007015413

Arabic ACL corpus

This corpus constitutes all sentences representing the Arabic Controlled Language (ACL). It contains 551 sentences taken from four textbooks and websites dedicated to teach Arabic language to kids such as: a) First grade book, Republic of Sudan (كتاب الصف الاول جمهورية السودان), b) Al Jazeera Educational Site (موقع الجزيرة التعليمي), c) Bella Preparatory School Girls Forum (منتدى مدرسة بيلا الاعدادية بنات), and d) Albahr website (موقع انا البحر). These sentences are respecting 52 ACL rules. The average number of sentences for each rule is 10.6. All sentences in the corpus were analyzed by Farasa syntactic parser to confirm they are correctly analyzed. The validity of the parsing was done manually by linguist experts. The structure of this corpus is made of a header and a body. The header consists of a set of metadata that describe the corpus, such as the corpus name, the authors, the sources and further meta data. While the header is made of metadata, the body contains rules. Each rule has a code, a structure and all sentences respecting that rule. For each sentence, we store an id, the vowelledand unvowelled text as well as the result of parsing using Farasa

Detection of WA B Cells in HCV Infection by Molecular Analysis: A Prognostic Marker for Cryoglobulinemic Vasculits and B Cell Lymphomas

Objective. An uncommon manifestation of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is systemic vasculitis associated with type II cryoglobulinemia (cryo-globulinemic vasculitis), a proliferative B cell disorder that transforms into B cell malignancy in 5-10% of patients. The monoclonal rheumatoid factors (mRF) that bear the WA cross-idiotype (Xid) are responsible for most cases of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis in patients with HCV infection. The purpose of this study was to determine whether WA B cells can be detected in asymptomatic patients with HCV infection, using sequence analysis of B cell clonal expansions (BCEs) to identify the WA Xid. Methods. Asymptomatic patients with HCV infection and those without HCV infection as well as respective control patients with cryoglobulinemic vasculitis, whose serum was either negative or positive for WA mRF, were studied. BCEs were isolated in the patients' blood, and WA BCEs were identified by sequencing analysis. Results. BCEs were detected in all control patients with cryoglobulinemic vasculitis, but only control patients with HCV infection had WA BCEs. None of the 33 asymptomatic patients without HCV infection had a BCE. WA BCEs were detected in 4 (7.4%) of 55 asymptomatic patients with HCV infection, in none of 14 patients with HCV infection and type III cryoglobulinemia, and in 5 (13.5%) of 37 patients with HCV infection and serum RF positivity. One patient with a WA BCE had splenic lymphoma markers and villous lymphocytes, and the villous lymphocytes were found to be WA B cells. Conclusion. By identification of the WA Xid, WA B cells can be detected in asymptomatic HCV-infected patients. WA B cells in asymptomatic patients with HCV infection may be a marker for the development of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis and associated B cell malignancies. The results of this study provide a basis for the development of the first practical clinical application of cross-idiotype analysis

A cross sectional study on reproductive health disorders in dairy cattle in Sudan

A cross sectional survey was carried out in dairy farms in four States of Sudan to determine prevalence of reproductive health disorders that affect dairy cattle industries in the country. A total of 575 adult female cows in dairy farms located in Khartoum, Gezira, Sennar, and White Nile States were investigated using questionnaire survey and face-to-face interviews with the owners. The results indicated that 24.4% of the animals were affected with one or more reproductive health disorders. Abortion (57.1%) represented the major health problem affecting calf yield, followed by infertility (34.3%) and neonatal death (8.6%). Other health problems included stillbirth, vaginitis and retained placenta, anomalies, metritis and repeat breeder. Most of the abortion cases were detected during third trimester (76.25%) followed by first (12.5%) and second (11.25%) trimesters. Finally, countrywide investigations of reproductive disorders and increasing awareness to the owners are recommended for designing successful control strategies of reproductive disorders in Sudan

Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in cattle in Sudan

Aim: This cross-sectional survey was conducted to detect anti- N. caninum antibodies in bovine dams ' sera samples in nine States of the Sudan. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and seventy six bovine dams ' sera samples collected from nine States in the Sudan were screened for anti-Neospora caninum antibodies using a commercial competitive ELISA (cELISA) kits. Results: The results showed an overall prevalence rate of 15.9 % (range 6.7 %- 70%) of Neospora caninum antibodies. The prevalence rates were high in White Nile (70%) and North Kordofan (30%), moderate in the Northern (15.6%), Red Sea (13.3%) States and was low in the South Kordofan (9.4%) and River Nile (6.7%). States with high values of percentage inhibition (PI) detected in White Nile State compared to other States. No antibodies were detected in El Gadarif, Kassala and South Darfur States. The prevalence was observed to be high in crossbred dams (70%) with statistically significant difference (P<0.05) compared to local ecotype (9.3%). However, no correlation was observed between infection rates in two age groups. Conclusion: Neosporosis is prevalent in cattle in most States of Sudan. Absence of evidence of infection in three of the States investigated may reflect the small number of herds and sera tested