Audiovisual content analysis in the translation process

The article presents a comprehensive approach to the process of audiovisual translation that includes application of multimodal analysis of semiotic codes present in audiovisual productions. The article dwells on how the proposed approach can be applied to analyzing audiovisual productions for different types of audiovisual translation. Due to its multimodal nature, an audiovisual production is understood by the authors as an audiovisual text that combines image, sound and verbal means, that is, different modes conveying meaning. The means of conveying meaning in an audiovisual production include the visual non-verbal elements, visual verbal elements as well as audio non-verbal and verbal elements. The priority of these means of meaning transfer and their interaction in meaning generation differ significantly depending on the genre of audiovisual productions and the specifics of the process of its creation

The efficacy of the combination of eribulin and trastuzumab in advanced HER2-positive breast cancer: the results of Russian observational study

The article presents the experience of 19 Russian medical institutions on the use of eribulin in combination with trastuzumab in various treatment lines of metastatic HER2+ breast cancer in routine clinical practice. Aim. The main objective of this retrospective observational study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of eribulin and trastuzumab combo in HER2+ breast cancer patients pretreated with anthracyclines and taxanes. The analysis included 60 patients who received at least 2 cycles of eribulin in combination with trastuzumab. 2 patients (3.3%) received treatment as the 1st line, as the 2nd 14 (23.3%), as the 3rd 16 (26.7%), and as the 4th and more 28 (46.7%). Materials and methods. Complete response was achieved in 2 (3.3%) patients, partial response in 9 (15%), stable disease in 33 (55%), stabilization for more than 6 months in 11 (18.3%), disease progression was detected in 16 (26.7%) patients. The objective response rate was 18.3% in the whole group, the clinical benefit rate 36.7%. Results. The objective response rate in the group of the luminal subtype (ER/PR+HER2+) was 26.9%, in HER2-overexpressed subtype (ER-PR-HER2+) 8.8% and 64.7%, respectively, disease progression was recorded 2.3 times more often 35.3% versus 15.5% in the luminal subtype group. The median progression-free survival in patients with HER2+ breast cancer was 4.95 months (95% confidence interval CI 3.048.29 months), in luminal subtype 6.38 months (95% CI 3.338.54 months), in non-luminal 4.44 months (95% CI 2.47.96 months); p=0.306. The treatment was well tolerated, the spectrum of adverse events corresponded to the eribulin toxicity profile. Conclusions. The uniqueness of this study lies in the fact that on a large clinical material from the standpoint of real clinical practice, a very promising treatment regimen that is not used routinely in a number of countries has been studied, its effectiveness and satisfactory tolerance have been confirmed

Factors associated with abnormal cardio-ankle vascular index in patients with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes

Aim: The purpose of this study was to examine the phenotypic and genetic characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with different responses to treatment with metformin (MF) in the Novosibirsk region.  Materials and methods: We examined 460 patients with T2DM in the Novosibirsk region. Patients were divided into groups according to their HbA1c level: patients who achieved the target HbA1c level during MF therapy (n = 209) and those who did not reach the target HbA1c level (n=251). Genotyping of ATM (rs11212617) was performed using polymerase chain reaction by TaqMan.  Results: Patients who achieved the target HbA1c level during MF treatment (good response) were older (61. 1±9. 1 years vs. 57. 4±8. 4 years, p=0. 001), had later onset of diabetes (54. 6 ± 10. 1 years vs. 49. 2±8. 5 years, p = 0. 0001) and shorter duration of diabetes (6. 5±5. 9 years vs. 8. 2±6. 1 years, p=0. 03) compared with those who did not achieve the target HbA1c level. There was no statistically significant association between ATM rs11212617 and achieving the target HbA1c level among all patients [odds ratio (OR)=0. 94, 95% confidence interval = (0. 73–1. 23), p=0. 67] or those with MF monotherapy [OR=0. 90, (0. 65–1. 25), p=0. 54] or combination therapy [OR=1. 02, (0. 72–1. 43), p=0. 92]. There was an effect of age on response to MF therapy in all three groups (all patients: p=0. 001, MF monotherapy group: p=0. 04, combination therapy group: p=0. 0009). In the MF monotherapy group, low dose MF was associated with a good response (p=0. 03), and in the combination therapy group, males were more likely to have a good response (p=0. 003). Patients with genotype C/C or A/C for ATM (rs11212617) compared with those with genotype A/A were more likely to have high levels of triglycerides [2. 33 (1. 52–4. 2) mmol/l, 2. 09 (1. 35–3. 0) mmol/l and 1. 99 (1. 49–3. 21) mmol/l, respectively, p=0. 001], coronary heart disease (CHD) (13. 4%, 13. 4% and 9. 6%, respectively, p=0. 009) and myocardial infarction (7. 8%, 3. 2% and 4. 0%, respectively, p=0. 001).  Conclusion: Patients with T2DM who had a good response to MF therapy were older, more likely to be male and had a later onset of T2DM. Genotype C/C for ATM rs11212617 was associated with high triglycerides, CHD and myocardial infarction. ATM rs11212617 was not associated with response to MF therapy in the Novosibirsk region

Prevalence of CHD possibly presence in a sample epidemiological study, taking into account the socio-economic characteristics of the participants

Aim of the study was to analyze the socio-economic determinants and prevalence of possibly presence CHD in residents of a large industrial region. Material and methods. The study sample included residents of rural settlements of the Kemerovo region and districts of the city of Kemerovo. The study involved 1600 respondents aged 35–70 years. The determinants of socio-economic status (SES) were assessed: the level of education and income, professional affiliation, marital status / family composition, place of living. Results. The majority residents of rural settlements (50.9 %) had a secondary vocational education, compared with urban residents (46 %). A high level of income (over 20 000 rubles) was observed 1.53 times more often among the urban population than rural population. It was revealed that one third (29.3 %) of the rural population is employed in agriculture, and about 40.4 % do work that does not require vocational qualification. Among residents of rural settlements, there are statistically significant more those marriage/living with a partner, than among urban residents (75.6 % versus 62.9 %, respectively). The SES analysis of the study participants with possibly presence CHD indicates a predominant share (50.9 %) of vocational secondary education and medium income level (48.9 %). It was revealed that among the lonely rural residents possibly presence CHD occurred 10.0 % more often (urban 26.7 %, rural 36.7 %, p = 0.035) than among those living in the city. Conclusion. In the Kemerovo Oblast CHD possibly presence is more common in women, depending on socio-economic determinants it is more often observed in persons with a secondary vocational education and medium income level, equally among both skilled and low/ unskilled workers living with partner in urban settings

Study of Structure of Industrial Acid Hydrolysis Lignin, Oxidized in the H₂O₂-H₂SO₄ System

<p>Products of oxidation of industrial acid hydrolysis lignin in the H₂O₂-H₂SO₄ system were studied using ¹³C NMR (in solution and solid state), MALDI-MS, and MS(ESI) techniques. Oxidation of hydrolysis lignin leads to the opening of aromatic rings of lignin, yielding carboxylic groups. Alkyl aryl ether linkages (β-O-4-bonds) between lignin phenyl propane units are not significantly affected by the oxidation. The structure of oxidized hydrolysis lignin is proposed. The basic structural unit of oxidized hydrolysis lignin is a muconic acid derivative.</p

Coordination to Imidazole Ring Switches on Phosphorescence of Platinum Cyclometalated Complexes: The Route to Selective Labeling of Peptides and Proteins via Histidine Residues

In this study, we have shown that substitution of chloride ligand for imidazole (Im) ring in the cyclometalated platinum complex Pt­(phpy)­(PPh₃)Cl (<b>1</b>; phpy, 2-phenylpyridine; PPh₃, triphenylphosphine), which is nonemissive in solution, switches on phosphorescence of the resulting compound. Crystallographic and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic studies of the substitution product showed that the luminescence ignition is a result of Im coordination to give the [Pt­(phpy)­(Im)­(PPh₃)]Cl complex. The other imidazole-containing biomolecules, such as histidine and histidine-containing peptides and proteins, also trigger luminescence of the substitution products. The complex <b>1</b> proved to be highly selective toward the imidazole ring coordination that allows site-specific labeling of peptides and proteins with <b>1</b> using the route, which is orthogonal to the common bioconjugation schemes via lysine, aspartic and glutamic acids, or cysteine and does not require any preliminary modification of a biomolecule. The utility of this approach was demonstrated on (i) site-specific modification of the ubiquitin, a small protein that contains only one His residue in its sequence, and (ii) preparation of nonaggregated HSA-based Pt phosphorescent probe. The latter particles easily internalize into the live HeLa cells and display a high potential for live-cell phosphorescence lifetime imaging (PLIM) as well as for advanced correlation PLIM and FLIM experiments