Les collocations comme indice pour distinguer les genres textuels

Cette étude se propose de vérifier l’efficacité des collocations en tant qu’indice pour distinguer les genres textuels. De plus, elle a le double objectif d’aborder l’exploration de la variabilité de l’italien en utilisant des méthodologies computationnelles, et de vérifier l’efficacité d’une nouvelle mesure d’association dans l’étude des collocations.Quatre typologies de collocations ont été analysées (verbe-nom, nom-adjectif, nom-nom et nom-préposition-nom) dans six genres textuels différents, dont trois sont écrits (textes littéraires, textes académiques et compositions scolaires) et trois sont oraux (conversations, discours et dialogues filmiques).La fréquence des collocations dans les différents genres montre que chaque typologie de texte a des préférences spécifiques pour des typologies de collocations spécifiques; la seule fréquence et la seule distinction entre textes écrits et oraux, toutefois, ne réussit pas à interpréter cette différente distribution selon un modèle cohérent. A cet effet, la mesure statistique de la gravité lexicale semble posséder une efficacité majeure, comme nous essayerons de démontrer.Collocations as an Index for Distinguishing Text GenresThis paper aims to incorporate collocations as an index to distinguish text genres: our main hypothesis is that collocations, as well as other linguistic features, are potentially suitable to identify genres. Thus, this is mostly an exploratory study, aimed at verifying this hypothesis and at taking a deeper look into register variation across different genres in Italian with computational and statistical methods.Furthermore, in a broader perspective, this study might give significant contributions in other fields, such as automatic genre identification [Santini 2004], measure of text cohesion [Louwerse et al. 2004] or text readability, where the detection of collocations as a marker of genres can increase the accuracy of computational tools devoted to these tasks

Le trasformazioni dell'auto-mutuo aiuto in una prospettiva eliasiana. Alcune esperienze europee

Using the Elias’ perspective and focusing on interdependencies between social actors and facts, the paper shows the process of transformation of self-help/mutual aid over time in some European Counties. It proposes a classification that identify three different phase, each of which characterized by a different configuration of the social system and where different level of interconnections and interdependencies between institutions regulated by different Polanyian modes of exchange can be observed. According to Freidson proposal, professionalism has been added to three traditional regulatory principles. We conclude the paper with two open questions: the first argues about the opportunity to modelize a model of self-help systems according to influences exerted by welfare regime and professional model prevailing in different contexts; the second concern the possibility to imagine a new historical phase characterized by a social configuration in which the reciprocity plays a dominant role on the social integration process

La professione ostetrica: mutamenti e nuove prospettive

The paper focuses on the professionalization of Italian midwifery which, in recent years, has been involved in a process of social and professional mobility, together with twenty-one other health occupations. A historical-relational approach has been used. It adheres to Elias’ theoretical perspective according to which professions are considered as the result of the network of relationships that individuals build, therefore influencing their behaviour. Starting from the onset of the XX century, the history of midwifery is reconstructed by dividing it into three distinct phases where periods of professional autonomy alternate with periods of dominationand subordination, thus limiting the acquisition of a professional status. Finally, in the conclusions the paper foreshadows the advent of a fourth phase in which new opportunities as well as new risks may appear for midwives. Only if the latter are able to grasp these opportunities while limiting the risks, can they achieve a higher professional status

Les collocations comme indice pour distinguer les genres textuels

Cette étude se propose de vérifier l’efficacité des collocations en tant qu’indice pour distinguer les genres textuels. De plus, elle a le double objectif d’aborder l’exploration de la variabilité de l’italien en utilisant des méthodologies computationnelles, et de vérifier l’efficacité d’une nouvelle mesure d’association dans l’étude des collocations.Quatre typologies de collocations ont été analysées (verbe-nom, nom-adjectif, nom-nom et nom-préposition-nom) dans six genres textuels différents, dont trois sont écrits (textes littéraires, textes académiques et compositions scolaires) et trois sont oraux (conversations, discours et dialogues filmiques).La fréquence des collocations dans les différents genres montre que chaque typologie de texte a des préférences spécifiques pour des typologies de collocations spécifiques; la seule fréquence et la seule distinction entre textes écrits et oraux, toutefois, ne réussit pas à interpréter cette différente distribution selon un modèle cohérent. A cet effet, la mesure statistique de la gravité lexicale semble posséder une efficacité majeure, comme nous essayerons de démontrer.Collocations as an Index for Distinguishing Text GenresThis paper aims to incorporate collocations as an index to distinguish text genres: our main hypothesis is that collocations, as well as other linguistic features, are potentially suitable to identify genres. Thus, this is mostly an exploratory study, aimed at verifying this hypothesis and at taking a deeper look into register variation across different genres in Italian with computational and statistical methods.Furthermore, in a broader perspective, this study might give significant contributions in other fields, such as automatic genre identification [Santini 2004], measure of text cohesion [Louwerse et al. 2004] or text readability, where the detection of collocations as a marker of genres can increase the accuracy of computational tools devoted to these tasks

Italian Teachers: A Profession in Transition?

The teaching profession, like many others, is involved in a deep process of change. The sources of pressure are manifold: top-down, as a consequence of neo-liberalist policies and of the implementation of the logic of New Public Management and, later, of New Public Governance; bottom-up, as a result of the socio-demographic and cultural changes affecting the relationship with end-users. All of these elements are challenging teachers’ professionalism. The article questions whether teaching in Italy is currently a profession in transition and, if so, which new features are emerging. To do so, we present a locally-based case study that draws on both Hargreaves’s and Noordegraaf’s theoretical frameworks

Are Young Female Doctors Breaking Through the Glass Ceiling in Italy?

In the second half of the twentieth century, the feminization of medicine increased in large part of Western Europe. Due both to cultural and social models and to welfare policies, there was a very limited increase in the female medical profession throughout the first half of the 1900s in Italy, and a relatively larger one in the second half. Currently, the female incidence is 39.8%, placing Italy among the last positions in Europe. The results of a pilot project research, carried out on a sample of 131 young physicians enrolled with the order of doctors of Ancona, seem to confirm that some changes are currently taking place. Internalizing managerial outlook, showing high degree of self-confidence, balancing work and private life as well as creating good relational and social networks, the women doctors’ behaviour allows us to imagine that the future scenario could be very different, although gender discrimination still persists

Correspondence behavior of classical and quantum dissipative directed transport via thermal noise

We systematically study several classical-quantum correspondence properties of the dissipative modifiedkicked rotator, a paradigmatic ratchet model. We explore the behavior of the asymptotic currents for finite effvalues in a wide range of the parameter space. We find that the correspondence between the classical currentswith thermal noise providing fluctuations of size eff and the quantum ones without it is very good in generalwith the exception of specific regions. We systematically consider the spectra of the corresponding classicalPerron-Frobenius operators and quantum superoperators. By means of an average distance between the classicaland quantum sets of eigenvalues we find that the correspondence is unexpectedly quite uniform. This apparentcontradiction is solved with the help of the Weyl-Wigner distributions of the equilibrium eigenvectors, whichreveal the key role of quantum effects by showing surviving coherences in the asymptotic states.Fil: Carlo, Gabriel Gustavo. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Investigación y Aplicaciones no Nucleares. Gerencia Física (CAC). Grupo de Física Teórica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ermann, Leonardo. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Investigación y Aplicaciones no Nucleares. Gerencia Física (CAC). Grupo de Física Teórica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rivas, Alejandro Mariano Fidel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Investigación y Aplicaciones no Nucleares. Gerencia Física (CAC). Grupo de Física Teórica; ArgentinaFil: Spina, Maria Elena. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Investigación y Aplicaciones no Nucleares. Gerencia Física (CAC). Grupo de Física Teórica; Argentin

Compliant gluten-free children with celiac disease: an evaluation of psychological distress

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Children with chronic illnesses are known to have increased risks for emotional and behavioral problems. In the present study, children and adolescent suffering from celiac disease (CD) were compared with healthy controls to assess differences in the psychological profile.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A total of 100 well-treated and compliant CD patients (65 females/35 males; age mean ± SD: 10.38 ± 2.71) were compared to 100 normal controls (58 females/42 males; age mean ± SD: 11.47 ± 2.61). Emotional and behavioral problems were assessed by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Subjects with CD self-reported an increased rate of anxiety and depression symptoms and showed higher scores in "harm avoidance" and "somatic complaints", in the CBCL parent-report questionnaire, as compared to healthy control subjects. Furthermore, gender differences could be observed in the group of CD patients, with males displaying significantly higher CBCL externalizing scores, in social, thought and attention problems, as compared to female, who in turns showed more prominent internalizing symptoms such as depression.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The increased rate of emotional and behavioral problems in children and adolescent with CD emphasizes the importance of an early detection of mental health problems in these children.</p