Gene expression of heme oxygenase I in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of RP patients and healthy controls.

<p>mRNA expression was quantified by qPCR analysis as described in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0074223#s2" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a>. qPCR data were normalized to housekeeping gene, <i>GAPDH</i>. C; healthy controls, RP: patients with retinitis pigmentosa; PBMC: peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Mann-Whitney test was used (*p<0.05).</p

Blood free nitrotyrosine concentration in RP patients and healthy controls.

<p>Free nitrotyrosine was measured by LC-MS/MS system as described in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0074223#s2" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a>. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM.</p

Heatmap representation of the fuzzy clustering results for antioxidant-oxidant markers in aqueous humor of RP patients.

<p>The dark red to dark blue colors correspond to high to low values. Individuals classified as with higher oxidant status show low TAC, protein and SOD3 levels and medium to high NOX levels. Individuals classified as with lower oxidant status show low NOX levels and high SOD3, protein and TAC levels.</p

Antioxidant-oxidant markers and protein in aqueous humor from RP patients and healthy controls.

<p><b>Note</b>: RP: retinitis pigmentosa; TAC: total antioxidant capacity; SOD: superoxide dismutase; NOX: nitrates and nitrites. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM. MANCOVA was carried out considering all response variables (TAC, SOD3, Protein and NOX) simultaneously (*p<0.05; **p<0.01).</p

MANCOVA in aqueous humor and blood from patients with RP and healthy controls.

<p><b>Note</b>: Pillaís trace, multivariate test criteria used in the MANCOVA.</p

Characteristics of participants included in the study.

<p><b>Note</b>: RP: non syndromic RP; USH: Usher syndrome; AR, autosomic recessive; AD, autosomic dominant.</p

Antioxidant-oxidant markers in blood from RP patients and healthy controls.

<p><b>Note</b>: RP: retinitis pigmentosa; TAC: total antioxidant capacity; SOD: superoxide dismutase; TBARS: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; NOX: nitrates and nitrites; cGMP: cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM. MANCOVA was carried out considering all response variables (TAC, SOD3, TBARS, cGMP and NOX) simultaneously (*p<0.05, **p<0.01).</p

Protein content of SOD3 in serum from RP patients and healthy controls.

<p>(A) Fifty µg of total serum protein were subjected to electrophoresis and extracellular SOD3 content was analysed by inmunoblotting, as described in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0074223#s2" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a>. The immunological signal of SOD3 was normalized to transferrin, a loading control for serum samples; Correlation analysis between SOD3 activity and SOD3 content in serum from patients and healthy controls (B), healthy controls (C) or patients (D). Spearman’s correlation test was used (rs = correlation coefficient).</p

Retinal lamination observed in WT and 0.1 mM 5 dpf morphant embryos treated with PTU.

<p>Green: Alexa-fluor-488-phalloidin: actin. Blue: TOPRO: nuclei. Red: Zpr-1: double cone photoreceptors. hc: horizontal cells. os: outer segments. is: inner segments si.</p

Ultra structural architecture analysis of inner ear and stereocilia performed on MO1 morphant embryos using fluorescent staining.

<p>A. Phalloidin staining of WT larvae inner ear highlighting the three sensory areas containing stereocilia. B. Phalloidin staining of 0.1: A and B: 20 µm. C and D: 5 µm.</p