Water power plant for the University of Missouri

"A thesis presented for the degree of Bachelor of Science in civil engineering."Manuscript copy.Includes bibliographical references.Hydro-Electric Power Development is fast becoming one of the largest branches of engineering. Much attention is being paid to it in all good engineering schools. But it is impossible to get much out of the study unless a plant is available for experimental work for the students. Cornell University has such a plant for this use. The engineering of this plant, the water wheels, the electrical equipment, etc. were supplied by various large manufacturing companies at practically cost price. Now that the University of Missouri is giving special courses in hydraulic engineering, it is very essential that she have such a plant at her services. The object of this thesis is to investigate a project that will supply this need. wDigitized at the University of Missouri--Columbia MU Libraries Digitization Lab in 2011

Coupling Between An Optical Phonon and the Kondo Effect

We explore the ultra-fast optical response of Yb_{14}MnSb_{11}, providing further evidence that this Zintl compound is the first ferromagnetic, under-screened Kondo lattice. These experiments also provide the first demonstration of coupling between an optical phonon mode and the Kondo effect.Comment: 4 Pages, 3 Figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let

Evolution of superconducting order in Pr(Os1−x_{1-x}Rux_{x})4_{4}Sb12_{12}

We report measurements of the magnetic penetration depth $\lambda$ in single crystals of Pr(Os$_{1-x}$Ru$_{x}$)$_{4}$Sb$_{12}$ down to 0.1 K. Both $\lambda$ and superfluid density $\rho_{s}$ exhibit an exponential behavior for the $x$$\geq$0.4 samples, going from weak ($x$=0.4,0.6), to moderate, coupling ($x$=0.8). For the $x$$\leq$0.2 samples, both $\lambda$ and $\rho_{s}$ vary as $T^{2}$ at low temperatures, but $\rho_{s}$ is s-wave-like at intermediate to high temperatures. Our data are consistent with a three-phase scenario, where a fully-gapped phase at $T_{c1}$ undergoes two transitions: first to an unconventional phase at $T_{c2}$$\lesssim$$T_{c1}$, then to a nodal low-$T$ phase at $T_{c3}$$<$$T_{c2}$, for small values of $x$.Comment: Changed title, enlarged numbering in figures 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl

A note on brain actuated spelling with the Berlin brain-computer interface

Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) are systems capable of decoding neural activity in real time, thereby allowing a computer application to be directly controlled by the brain. Since the characteristics of such direct brain-tocomputer interaction are limited in several aspects, one major challenge in BCI research is intelligent front-end design. Here we present the mental text entry application ‘Hex-o-Spell’ which incorporates principles of Human-Computer Interaction research into BCI feedback design. The system utilises the high visual display bandwidth to help compensate for the extremely limited control bandwidth which operates with only two mental states, where the timing of the state changes encodes most of the information. The display is visually appealing, and control is robust. The effectiveness and robustness of the interface was demonstrated at the CeBIT 2006 (world’s largest IT fair) where two subjects operated the mental text entry system at a speed of up to 7.6 char/min

Induction of Genomic Instability In Vivo by Low Doses of 137Cs gamma rays

The overall goal of this project is to determine if low doses (below or equal to the level traditionally requiring human radiation protection, i.e. less than or equal to 10 cGy) of low LET radiation can induce genomic instability. The magnitude of genomic instability was measured as delayed chromosome instability in bone marrow cells of exposed mice with different levels of endogenous DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) activity, i.e. high (C57BL/6J mice), intermediate (BALB/cJ mice), and extremely low (Scid mice). In addition, at early time points (1 and 4 hrs) following irradiation, levels of activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-{kappa}B), a transcription factor known to be involved in regulating the expression of genes responsible for cell protection following stimuli, were measured in these cells. Bone marrow cells were collected at different times following irradiation, i.e. 1 hr, 4 hrs, 1 month, and 6 months. A total of five mice per dose per strain were sacrificed at each time point for sample collection. As a result, a total of 80 mice from each strain were used. The frequency and the type of metaphase chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells collected from exposed mice at different times following irradiation were used as markers for radiation-induced genomic instability. A three-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) protocol for mouse chromosomes 1, 2, and 3 was used for the analysis of delayed stable chromosomal aberrations in metaphase cells. All other visible chromatid-type aberrations and gross structural abnormalities involving non-painted chromosomes were also evaluated on the same metaphase cells used for scoring the stable chromosomal aberrations of painted chromosomes. Levels of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-{kappa}B) activation were also determined in cells at 1 and 4 hrs following irradiation (indicative of early responses)

Fertilizers for Rice in Texas.

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Probing the superconducting gap symmetry of PrRu4_{4}Sb12_{12}: A comparison with PrOs4_{4}Sb12_{12}

We report measurements of the magnetic penetration depth $\lambda$ in single crystals of PrRu$_{4}$Sb$_{12}$ down to 0.1 K. Both $\lambda$ and superfluid density $\rho_{s}$ exhibit an exponential behavior for $T$ $<$ 0.5$T_{c}$, with parameters $\Delta$(0)/\textit{k}$_{B}$\textit{T}$_{c}$ = 1.9 and $\lambda(0)$ = 2900 \AA. The value of $\Delta$(0) is consistent with the specific-heat jump value of $\Delta C/\gamma T_{c}$ = 1.87 measured elsewhere, while the value of $\lambda(0)$ is consistent with the measured value of the electronic heat-capacity coefficient $\gamma$. Our data are consistent with PrRu$_{4}$Sb$_{12}$ being a moderate-coupling, fully-gapped superconductor. We suggest experiments to study how the nature of the superconducting state evolves with increasing Ru substitution for Os

GeV Photons from Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays accelerated in Gamma Ray Bursts

Gamma-ray bursts are produced by the dissipation of the kinetic energy of a highly relativistic fireball, via the formation of a collisionless shock. When this happens, Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays up to 10^20 eV are produced. I show in this paper that these particles produce, via synchrotron emission as they cross the acceleration region, photons up to 300 GeV which carry away a small, ~0.01, but non-negligible fraction of the total burst energy. I show that, when the shock occurs with the interstellar medium, the optical depth to photon-photon scattering, which might cause energy degradation of the photons, is small. The burst thusly produced would be detected at Earth simultaneoulsy with the parent gamma-ray burst, although its duration may differ significantly from that of the lower energy photons. The expected fluences, ~10^{-5}-10^{-6} erg/cm^2 are well within the range of planned detectors. A new explanation for the exceptional burst GRB 940217 is discussed.Comment: Accepted for publication in The Physical Review Letters. 4 pages, RevTeX needed, no figure

The Effect of Time and Rate of Application of Nitrate of Soda on the Yield of Cotton.

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