Cancers du larynx etude retrospective à propos de 90 cas

Objectif : Le cancer du larynx est parmi les premiers cancers de la sphère oto-rhino laryngée. La dysphonie constitue le maître symptôme révélateur et peut être associée à une dyspnée selon la localisation tumorale. Il s’agit essentiellement d’un carcinome épidermoide. L’alcoolo-tabagisme joue un rôle important dans la genèse de ce cancer.Matériel et méthodes: Notre étude est rétrospective à propos de 90 cas colligés sur une période de 18 ans (1990-2007).Résultats : La prédominance du sexe masculin est nette avec une seule femme dans notre série. Le pic d’âge est entre 60 et 70 ans. 98,9% de nos patients sont des fumeurs chroniques. 14,4% ont été suivis pour une laryngite chronique. La dysphonie a été retrouvée chez tous nos patients. Le délai de consultation moyen est relativement long avec une moyennede 8 mois. Le point de départ de la tumeur a été le plan glottique dans 72,2% et sus glottique dans 23,4%. Le type histologique le plus fréquent est le carcinome épidermoïde dans 92,2%. Le bilan d’extension a systématiquement comporté une endoscopie sous anesthésie générale avec une tomodensitométrie. La majorité de nos malades ont été classésT3-T4 et ceci dans 31,4%. Le taux de survie globale à 5 ans a été de 57,1%.Conclusion : Le cancer du larynx est un cancer du sujet de sexe masculin surtout alcoolo-tabagique. Le bilan endoscopique et radiologique essentiellement scanographique va permettre un bilan d’extension et guider ainsi la conduite thérapeutique. Le traitement est essentiellement chirurgical, couplé parfois à une radiothérapie ou une chimiothérapie.Le pronostic est le plus fréquemment favorable surtout si le diagnostic est précoce.Mots-clés : Larynx, Cancer, Tomodensitométrie,Traitemen

Electrochemical behavior of acid orange 7 by cyclic voltammetry in different solvents

In the present work, the electrochemical oxidation of acid orange 7 (AO7) on a glassy carbon (GC) electrode has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry in different solvents: aqueous solvent (H2O), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and acetone (ACE), using sulfuric acid as a supporting electrolyte. The analysis of AO7 oxidation voltammograms in different solvents showed that the more donor numbers, the easier it becomes the oxidation of AO7. The experimental parameters show that the oxidation peak current of AO7 was linearly proportional to its concentration in a range from 0.04 mM to 0.2 mM. The limit of detection was estimated by gradually decreasing the concentration levels of AO7, and was found to be 6.6 \uc2\ub5M

Degradation of chloramphenicol in water by oxidation on a boron-doped diamond electrode under UV irradiation

A combined advanced oxidation process based on the electrochemical oxidation of chloramphenicol (CHL) on a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode under UV irradiation was investigated. The influence of the main process parameters (current density, pH, temperature, and chloride concentration) on CHL degradation and mineralization was assessed. An estimation of the energy consumption required to mineralize CHL was also made. The results showed that CHL can be completely degraded and extensively mineralized by 3-h UV-assisted anodic oxidation on BDD. The process can be further accelerated by chlorides, as these species act as precursors for the photo-induced formation of radical species contributing to CHL oxidation. Under optimal conditions (300 mA m–2, 0.01 M NaCl, ambient temperature, and pH 10), complete CHL removal occurred after 150 min of treatment, and approximately 95 % mineralization was achieved in 180 min. Overall, the results obtained suggest that the investigated process may represent a promising approach to treat wastewaters containing CHL or other recalcitrant antibiotics

Electrochemical and sonoelectrochemical degradation of Allura Red and Erythrosine B dyes with Ti-PbO2 anode

The degradation of food dyes such as Allura Red AC and Erythrosine B is studied using electrochemical (ECh) and sonoelectrochemical (SECh) oxidation. The electrochemical cell has a Ti/PbO2 anode and stainless steel cathode. SECh process used an ultrasound transducer with a frequency of 40 kHz. The influence of process parameters on removal performance is examined, such as the effect of US, current intensity, stirring rate, nature and concentration of supporting electrolytes (Na2SO4, NaCl, Na2CO3) and energy consumptions are discussed as a function of chemical oxygen demand removal. The results show that ultrasonic irradiation promotes the removal of organic matter due to the activation of oxidant species. The synergistic index gives useful information about the effect of ultrasounds, which have a higher relevance working in mild conditions (low current intensity, stirring rate and supporting electrolyte concentrations). The most relevant impact has been detected in the presence of chloride, which promotes the removal of pollutants and chemical oxygen demand (COD), with a substantial reduction of the required time. On the other hand, bicarbonate ions in solution had a detrimental effect on both processes. Nevertheless, in all cases tested in this paper, this index has a value greater than one, pointing out a positive influence of ultrasound application. Then, the integration of such technology with electrochemical advanced oxidation processes can improve the removal of Allura Red and Erythrosine B with a PbO2-based anode