Emotional eating in relation to anthropometric indices and dietary energy intake based on gender

Abstract. Emotional eating is one of the important factors in etiology of obesity and eating disorders. This study aimed to compare gender differences in response to emotional eating and to identify the anthropometric indices and dietary intake factors correlationwith emotional eating.Asample of 247 subjects fromthree schools in TabrizUniversity ofmedical sciences in Iran was participated in the study. Each participant filled out a general ten-item and an emotional eating fourteen-item questionnaire. Statistical analyses of the study were conducted by an independent t-test, a chi-square, Pearson correlations and logistic regression using the SPSS version 19. The findings of this investigation indicated that body mass index (BMI) (r = –0.759, p < 0.0001 and r = –0.818, p < 0.0001),waist circumference (WC) (r = –0.217, p = 0.014 and r = –0.182, p = 0.048) and dietary energy intake (r = –0.221, p = 0.012 and r = –0.186, p = 0.024) correlated significantly with emotional eating in female and male groups respectively. The female had higher emotional eating score versus the male (6.56±1.56 and 6.47±1.21), respectively. Marital status, smoking, recent weight loss, and weight gain, were the strong predictors of the emotional eating. Knowing predicting factors of emotional eating and understanding the fact that gender differences could affect chances of being emotional eater can help us provide appropriate nutritional and psychological educational programs in the community. This can in tern control the emotional eating status and consequently lead to beneficial outcomes in the level of individuals’ health in the society

Effectiveness of a self-management education program on hypertension control and contributing factors in older adults: An interventional trial

Background: One of the common disorders that can negatively affect the health status of old adults is hypertension. Self-management education is an effective method to control various disorders. This study was designed to assess the effectiveness of self-management education program on blood pressure, management of anthropometric measures, and some metabolic factors among elderly in Tabriz, Iran. Methods: 227 eligible hypertensive elderly patients from three primary health care centers of Tabriz were participated in 12 sessions of self-management education intervention conducted in 6 months from April to October 2019. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride, as well as anthropometric indices were assessed both before and at the end of the intervention. Results: The participated elderly had the mean± SD age of 64.52±5.76 years. After 6-month presence of subjects in the educational sessions, the SBP (p=0.038), body weight (p=0.012), BMI (p=0.021), FBS (0.011), and TC ( &lt; 0.0001) were significantly decreased compared to baseline. Conclusion: Self-management educations can improve compliance of elderly to controlling factors of blood pressure such as diet and exercise. Consequently, following a healthy lifestyle can be effective in reducing a number of the hypertension risk factors

The Community-Based Child Health Integrated Program in Iran: A Mixed-Methods Process Evaluation

Objectives: The community-based Child Health Integrated Program (CHIP) was established to improve children’s health status in Iran. The current study was performed to understand how this program was implemented and experienced by the care providers and target group. Methods: A total number of 249 mothers who had children under 5 years (clients) and 70 caregivers (providers) were selected from 42 health care centers of Tabriz city to participate in the study. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected using two separated semi-structured interviews as well as self-developed questionnaires. The mixed-method process evaluation study was examined and reported the exposure and satisfaction status of the clients, and reach, delivery, fidelity rates, and contextual factors toward the CHIP. Results: Overall, low reach (11.2%), moderate-exposure (62.6%), and high satisfaction (80.1%) rates of the clients were reported to the program. The fidelity rate of the program tools was 42.9%, considered as an inadequate rate. Anthropometric measurement and vaccination of the children, as well as face-to-face training sessions for the mothers, were well delivered. However, some parts of the program including follow-up and group training sessions were delivered poorly. Conclusions: This process evaluation study demonstrated that the CHIP is a promising intervention for improving children's health care. However, the barriers identified in this study warrant consideration in subsequent health care needs among children. Further research is required to identify ways to improve the implementation and delivery of this intervention. Practice Implications: There is a dire need to enter some audit and feedback strategies in the form of monthly tracking of process indicators to extent of implementation of intervention components

Exploring the role of body mass index in relationship of serum nitric oxide and advanced glycation end products in apparently healthy subjects.

This study aimed to identify any association of serum nitric oxide (NO) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with body mass index (BMI) in apparently healthy subjects. In this cross-sectional study, participants were 90 apparently healthy subjects, categorized into three BMI groups as follows: BMI≤19.5 (n = 21), 19.6≤BMI≤24.9 (n = 35), and BMI≥25 (n = 34). Serum levels of NO were measured by griess reaction method. Determination of serum pentosidine and carboxymethyllysine (CML) was done using ELISA. Median (95% confidence interval [CI]: lower- upper) of serum NO in subjects with BMI≥25 were 68.94 (CI: 55.01-70.56) μmol/L, which was higher compared with 19.6≤BMI≤24.9 and BMI≤19.5 groups (22.65 (CI: 19.29-28.17) μmol/L and 8.00 (CI: 9.12-29.58) μmol/L, respectively). Serum NO positively correlated with BMI in total subjects (r = 0.585, p<0.001), which this correlation was significant in both male and female groups (r = 0.735, p<0.001 and r = 0.476, p = 0.001, respectively). Serum pentosidine and CML were significantly lower in subjects with higher BMI. Further, BMI showed negative correlations with pentosidine and CML (r = -0.363, p<0.001 and r = -0.484, p<0.001, respectively). There were not any significant differences in serum NO, pentosidine, and CML levels between sex groups. After adjusting the effects of confounders (BMI, sex, age, and waist to hip ratio), serum NO significantly correlated with serum pentosidine and CML (r = -0.319, p = 0.003 and r = -0.433, p<0.001, respectively). It is concluded that higher BMI is accompanied by increased serum NO and suppressed pentosidine and CML

The association between food groups and preeclampsia: a case-control study

Purpose The aim of current study was to investigate the correlation between preeclampsia and food groups among pregnant women. Methods This case-control study was done on pregnant women with a diagnosis of preeclampsia in Sabzevar. The control group was included non-infected postpartum women. Results Intake of vegetables (OR = 0.952, CI: 0.724–0.985, p < 0.001), fruits (OR = 0.901, CI: 0.852–0.990, p = 0.012), nuts and legumes (OR = 0.712, CI: 0.531–0.848, p = 0.009), and sugars and sweets (OR = 1.254, CI: 1.112–1.497, p < 0.001) were related to the odds of preeclampsia. Conclusions Women with preeclampsia had lower intake of vegetables, fruits, milk and products, and also fluids. Intake of sugars and sweets compared with the intake of vegetables, fruits, nuts, and legumes was associated with increasing odds of preeclampsia