The Degree of Procedures’ Availability to Identify the Career Path for 10th Grade Female Students at Basic Stage in Public Schools in Jordan According to System Theory Framework of Career Development, from Principals, Teachers and Educational Counsellors’

The present study aimed at identifying the degree of procedures’ availability to identify the career path for 10th Grade female students at Basic Stage in public Jordanian schools according to System Theory Framework of Career Development from principals, teachers, and educational counsellors’ point of view. It also aimed at identifying whether there were any significant differences at (a=0.05) in the need for procedures to identify the career path for 10th grade female students at Basic Stage in public Jordanian schools from principals, teachers, and educational counsellors’ point of view which can be attributed to region, qualification or position. The study community consisted of (437) principals, teachers and educational counsellors who were working in females’ Basic Stage public schools. The schools were from three governorates that represented the three main regions in Jordan (Northern, Central and Southern). The questionnaire consisted of (5) dimensions and (56) statements. It was found that the degree of procedures’ availability to identify the career path for 10th Grade female students at Basic Stage in public Jordanian schools according to System Theory Framework of Career Development from principals, teachers, and educational counsellors’ point of view was moderate, the overall mean was (3.16). This signifies that several measures must be taken by the Ministry of Education in Jordan to develop procedures to identify the career path for 10th Grade female students at Basic Stage in public Jordanian schools. It was also found that there were significant differences in the means for procedures to identify the career path for 10th grade female students at Basic Stage in public Jordanian schools from principals, teachers, and educational counsellors’ point of view that can be attributed to region and qualifications, whereas, no significant differences in the means that can be attributed to position were found. Based on the results, several recommendations were suggested such as developing a work plan to identify the career path for 10th grade female students at Basic Stage in public Jordanian schools and conducting more studies on identifying career path targeting other target groups and other variables. Keywords: Career Path, Basic Education, The System Theory Framework for Career Development DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-9-07 Publication date:March 31st 202

Reflectance of an absorbing substrate for incident light of arbitrary polarization: appearance of a secondary maximum at oblique incidence

The reflectance of an absorbing substrate Rθ(ɸ) is considered as a function of the angle of incidence ϕ and an incident polarization parameter θ, where cos2θ and sin2θ give the power fractions of incident radiation that are p-and s-polarized, respectively. Taking GaAs as an example, we find that at certain wavelengths (e.g., 0.248 and 0.620 µm), the Rθ vs ɸ curve becomes oscillatory in a narrow range of θ \u3e 45° with an unexpected secondary maximum appearing at oblique incidence. The extrema of the function Rθ(ɸ) are determined numerically, and their angular positions and reflectance levels are plotted vs θ for GaAs at photon energies of 1, 2, and 5 eV

Maximum rate of change of the differential reflection phase shift with respect to the angle of incidence for light reflection at the surface of an absorbing medium

The differential reflection phase shift, Δ = δp - δs, associated with the external reflection of monochromatic light at the surface of an absorbing medium is a monotonically decreasing function of the angle of incidence ø which is determined by the complex dielectric function ε. A new special angle of incidence, denoted by øΔ′max, is defined at which the slope Δ′ = ∂Δ/∂ø of the Δ-ø curve is maximum negative, Δ′max, and a transcendental equation is derived that determines this angle. øΔ′max differs from the principal angle øp at which Δ = 90°. As an example, øΔ′max is calculated by numerical iteration for light reflection at the air-Si interface for photon energies hv from 1.7 to 5.6eV in steps of 0.1eV, and is plotted, along with the associated maximum slope Δ′max, vs wavelength λ. It is noted that øΔ′max\u3eøp at every λ, a result that may hold in general. Also, for 4.5 ≤ hv ≤ 5.6 eV, øΔ′max = 90°, so that a maximum negative slope occurs at grazing incidence in this spectral range. Another interesting observation is that, when |ε| \u3e\u3e 1 (e.g., for metals in the IR), Δ′(90°) is a direct measure of the extinction coefficient k = Imε½

Outcome of shaft fractures among children treated with elastic stable intramedullary nailing

Background: Long bone fractures are frequent occurrence among children and considered a frequent pediatric orthopedic injury requiring hospitalization. Authors aimed to retrospectively analyze the outcome of fixation of long bone fractures with elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) among children and adolescents.Methods: From 2010 to 2018, ESIN was performed on 128 children aged 2 to 17 years having single shaft fractures of long bones. The data related to associated injuries, postoperative complications, postoperative treatment, till bony union or removal of rods, mal-union, functional deficit, need for secondary surgical intervention and subjective complaints at follow-up originated from postoperative clinical and radiological consultations carried out regularly. The primary end points were time of complete radiological union or removal of rods.Results: The mean age at the time of accident was 9.5 years. There were 37 (28.9%) femoral fractures, 16 (12.5%) of the lower leg, 51 (39.8%) fractures of radius/ulna and 24 (18.8%) of the humerus. In 2 (2.3%) children, reoperation was necessary due to prominent ends of elastic rods and 6 (4.7%) had early removal of rods due to same reasons. End point of the study, removal of rods noted in 126 (82.8%), radiological evidence of union in 7 (5.5%) and 15 (11.7%) cases were lost at follow-up.Conclusions: ESIN fixation of diaphyseal fractures in children and adolescents is safe. ESIN was found to be minimally invasive method, noted to produce excellent functional as well as cosmetic outcomes

General analysis and optimization of the four-detector photopolarimeter

The four-detector photopolarimeter (FDP) is analyzed for an arbitrary spatial configuration and any reflection characteristics (ri, ψi, Δi) of the first three detectors. The instrument matrix A, which relates the output signal vector I to the input Stokes vector S by I = AS, and its determinant are derived explicitly. The essential condition that A be nonsingular (det A ≠ 0) is satisfied in general with uncoated absorbing detector surfaces, assuming that the plane of incidence (POI) is rotated between successive reflections by other than 90°. Therefore no special coatings on the detectors are required, and a thin dielectric (e.g., thermal oxide) layer would suffice. The differential reflection phase shift Δ is unrestricted for the first and 0third detectors and has optimum values of ±90° for the second. The optimum rotation angles of the POI are ±45° and ±135°. The optimum values of the surface parameter ψ are 27.37°, 22.5° or 67.5°, and 0 or 90° for the first, second, and third reflections, respectively. The following topics are also considered: (1) the partition of energy among detectors, (2) the effect of tilting the last detector, (3) operation of the FDP over a broadband spectral range, (4) choice of the light-beam path, and (5) calibration

General analysis and optimization of the four-detector photopolarimeter

The four-detector photopolarimeter (FDP) is analyzed for an arbitrary spatial configuration and any reflection characteristics (ri, ψi, Δi) of the first three detectors. The instrument matrix A, which relates the output signal vector I to the input Stokes vector S by I = AS, and its determinant are derived explicitly. The essential condition that A be nonsingular (det A ≠ 0) is satisfied in general with uncoated absorbing detector surfaces, assuming that the plane of incidence (POI) is rotated between successive reflections by other than 90°. Therefore no special coatings on the detectors are required, and a thin dielectric (e.g., thermal oxide) layer would suffice. The differential reflection phase shift Δ is unrestricted for the first and 0third detectors and has optimum values of ±90° for the second. The optimum rotation angles of the POI are ±45° and ±135°. The optimum values of the surface parameter ψ are 27.37°, 22.5° or 67.5°, and 0 or 90° for the first, second, and third reflections, respectively. The following topics are also considered: (1) the partition of energy among detectors, (2) the effect of tilting the last detector, (3) operation of the FDP over a broadband spectral range, (4) choice of the light-beam path, and (5) calibration

Combining Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) with Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a Video Management System

The latest Video management systems (VMS) software relies on CCTV surveillance systems that can monitor a larger number of cameras and sites more efficiently. In this paper, we study the utilization of SCADA to control a network of surveillance IP cameras. Therefore, the video data are acquired from IP cameras, stored and processed, and then transmitted and remotely controlled via SCADA. Such SCADA application will be very useful in VMS in general and in large integrated security networks in particular. In fact, modern VMS are progressively doped with artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms, to improve their performance and detestability in a wide range of control and security applications. In this chapter, we have discussed the utilization of existing SCADA cores, to implement highly efficient VMS systems, with minimum development time. We have shown that such SCADA-based VMS programs can easily incubate AI and deep ML algorithms. We have also shown that the harmonic utilization of neural networks algorithms (NNA) in the software core will lead to an unprecedented performance in terms of motion detection speed and other smart analytics as well as system availability

International Students as ‘Ideal Immigrants’ in Canada: A disconnect between policy makers’ assumptions and the lived experiences of international students

Recent policy changes in Canada highlight the strategic role International Students (IS) in the country’s economic development and future prosperity. With the release of Canada’s first international education strategy, the federal government has intimately tied international education to the domestic economy by attracting and retaining skilled workers to prepare Canada for the global market place. IS are particularly desirable candidates for permanent residency because their Canadian credentials, proficiency in at least one official language, and their relevant Canadian work experience is assumed to allow them to integrate more easily into the labour force upon graduation. Through 11 focus groups with 48 IS from two post-secondary institutions in the province of Ontario, we explored the adjustment of IS as they adapt to Canada and transition from student to worker. Thematic analysis suggests a disconnect between policy makers’ assumptions and the lived experiences of IS in Canada. Specifically, we find that IS’ integration into Canadian society into the domestic labour market is hindered by adjustment difficulties pertaining to language abilities, poor connectedness to host communities, and perceived employer discrimination against IS. We offer policy recommendations for how international education can better prepare IS for the Canadian labour market

Performance optimization and light-beam-deviation analysis of the parallel-slab division-of-amplitude photopolarimeter

A division-of-amplitude photopolarimeter that uses a parallel-slab multiple-reflection beam splitter was described recently [Opt. Lett. 21, 1709 (1996)]. We provide a general analysis and an optimization of a specific design that uses a fused-silica slab that is uniformly coated with a transparent thin film of ZnS on the front surface and with an opaque Ag or Au reflecting layer on the back. Multiple internal reflections within the slab give rise to a set of parallel, equispaced, reflected beams numbered 0, 1, 2, and 3 that are intercepted by photodetectors D0, D1, D2, and D3, respectively, to produce output electrical signals i0, i1,i2, and i3, respectively. The instrument matrix A, which relates the output-signal vector I to the input Stokes vector S by I = AS, and its determinant D are analyzed. The instrument matrix A is nonsingular; hence all four Stokes parameters can be measured simultaneously over a broad spectral range (UV–VIS–IR). The optimum film thickness, the optimum angle of incidence, and the effect of light-beam deviation on the measured input Stokes parameters are considered