Actividades antioxidantes y anticancerígenas del extracto obtenido por ultrasonido de piel de maní (Arachis hypogaea L.)

This study evaluates the effect of ultrasound-assisted extraction on the extractability of polyphenols from peanut skins (PS) and their antioxidant, and anticancer activities. The extraction was performed with solid/solvent ratios of 1:20 and 1:30 (w/v) at ultrasound intensity ranging from 5.8 to 15.4 W/cm2 for different extraction times (10, 20, 30 and 40 min). The highest polyphenol yield was 167.46 mg GAE/g dried PS. The most abundant polyphenols were catechin, syringic acid, and vanillic acid. The PS ultrasound extract (PSUE) increased the oxidative stability of sunflower oil by four times its initial level. PSUE possessed high inhibitory activity against MCF-7, HepG-2, HCT-116, and PC-3 cancer cell lines, with IC50 ranging from 1.85 ± 0.13 to 6.1 ± 0.43 μg/ml. In addition, the cytotoxicity of PSUE was examined on HFB4 human normal melanocytes using the MTT assay. These results suggest that PSUE can be used as a natural antioxidant and anticancer agent.Este estudio evalúa el efecto de la extracción asistida por ultrasonido sobre la extractabilidad de los polifenoles de la piel de maní (PS) y sus actividades antioxidantes y anticancerígenas. La extracción se realizó con relaciones sólido/solvente de 1:20 y 1:30 (p/v) a una intensidad de ultrasonido que varió de 5,8 a 15,4 W/cm2 para diferentes tiempos de extracción (10, 20, 30 y 40 min). El mayor rendimiento de polifenoles fue de 167,46 mg GAE/g de PS seco. Los polifenoles más abundantes fueron la catequina, el ácido siríngico y el ácido vanílico. El extracto de ultrasonido PS (PSUE) aumentó cuatro veces la estabilidad oxidativa del aceite de girasol. PSUE poseía una alta actividad inhibitoria contra las líneas celulares de cáncer MCF-7, HepG-2, HCT-116 y PC-3, con IC50 que oscilaba entre 1,85 ± 0,13 y 6,1 ± 0,43 μg/ml. Además, se examinó la citotoxicidad de PSUE en melanocitos humanos normales HFB4 utilizando el ensayo MTT. Estos resultados sugieren que el PSUE puede usarse como un antioxidante natural y un agente anticancerígeno

Improvement of selected morphological, physiological, and biochemical parameters of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) grown under different salinity levels using potassium silicate and Aloe saponaria extract

Two successive field trials were carried out at the experimental farm of the Agriculture Department of Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt, to investigate the sole or dual interaction effect of applying a foliar spray of Aloe saponaria extract (Ae) or potassium silicate (KSi) on reducing the stressful salinity impacts on the development, yield, and features of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) plants. Both Ae or KSi were used at three rates: 0% (0 cm3 L−1), 0.5% (5 cm3 L−1), and 1% (10 cm3 L−1) and 0, 30, and 60 g L−1, respectively. Three rates of salinity, measured by the electrical conductivity of a saturated soil extract (ECe), were also used: normal soil (ECe < 4 dS/m) (S1); moderately-saline soil (ECe: 4–8 dS/m) (S2); and highly-saline soil (ECe: 8–16 dS/m) (S3). The lowest level of salinity yielded the highest levels of all traits except for pH, chloride, and sodium. Ae at 0.5% increased the values of total soluble sugars, total free amino acids, potassium, anthocyanin, a single-photon avalanche diode, stem diameter, fruit number, and fresh weight, whereas 1% of Ae resulted in the highest plant height, chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), performance index, relative water content, membrane stability index, proline, total soluble sugars, and acidity. KSi either at 30 or 60 g L−1 greatly increased these abovementioned attributes. Fruit number and fruit fresh weight per plant also increased significantly with the combination of Ae at 1% and KSi at 30 g L−1 under normal soil conditions