82 research outputs found

    L’hemangiopericytome (a propos de 8 cas)

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    Description L’hémangiopéricytome est une tumeur rare, mésenchymateuse, qui prend naissance au niveau des péricytes de Zimmerman. Il est souvent confondu avec le méningiome. Objectif Faire le point sur cette entité histologique souvent méconnue. Méthodes Une étude rétrospective de 8 cas d’hémangiopéricytome colligés au Service de Neurochirurgie de l’hôpital Ibn Rochd de Casablanca au Maroc, entre 2000 et 2008. Résultats Il s’agissait de 6 hommes et 2 femmes. L’âge moyen de nos patients était de 50 ans. Le délai moyen de diagnostic était de 4,75 mois. Le tableau clinique était dominé par les signes d’hypertension intracrânienne. Le bilan neuroradiologique a objectivé le caractère unique des lésions, une taille moyenne de 6,33 cm. Tous nos patient ont été traité par chirurgie avec résection subtotale dans 5 cas et totale dans le reste. Un patient a bénéficié de la radiothérapie post opératoire. L’évolution a été marquée par l’apparition d’une récidive, 3 cas de reprise évolutive et un décès. L’apparition de métastases n’a pas été notée dans notre série. Conclusion L’hémangiopéricytome se caractérise par son potentiel malin, son taux élevé de récidive et de métastase à distance. Son évolution est imprévisible nécessitant une surveillance prolongée.Mots clés : Cellules de Zimmerman, Hémangiopéricytome, Méningiom

    Gene gain and loss events in Rickettsia and Orientia species

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Genome degradation is an ongoing process in all members of the <it>Rickettsiales </it>order, which makes these bacterial species an excellent model for studying reductive evolution through interspecies variation in genome size and gene content. In this study, we evaluated the degree to which gene loss shaped the content of some <it>Rickettsiales </it>genomes. We shed light on the role played by horizontal gene transfers in the genome evolution of <it>Rickettsiales</it>.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Our phylogenomic tree, based on whole-genome content, presented a topology distinct from that of the whole core gene concatenated phylogenetic tree, suggesting that the gene repertoires involved have different evolutionary histories. Indeed, we present evidence for 3 possible horizontal gene transfer events from various organisms to <it>Orientia </it>and 6 to <it>Rickettsia </it>spp., while we also identified 3 possible horizontal gene transfer events from <it>Rickettsia </it>and <it>Orientia </it>to other bacteria. We found 17 putative genes in <it>Rickettsia </it>spp. that are probably the result of <it>de novo </it>gene creation; 2 of these genes appear to be functional. On the basis of these results, we were able to reconstruct the gene repertoires of "proto-<it>Rickettsiales</it>" and "proto-<it>Rickettsiaceae</it>", which correspond to the ancestors of <it>Rickettsiales </it>and <it>Rickettsiaceae</it>, respectively. Finally, we found that 2,135 genes were lost during the evolution of the <it>Rickettsiaceae </it>to an intracellular lifestyle.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our phylogenetic analysis allowed us to track the gene gain and loss events occurring in bacterial genomes during their evolution from a free-living to an intracellular lifestyle. We have shown that the primary mechanism of evolution and specialization in strictly intracellular bacteria is gene loss. Despite the intracellular habitat, we found several horizontal gene transfers between <it>Rickettsiales </it>species and various prokaryotic, viral and eukaryotic species.</p> <p>Open peer review</p> <p>Reviewed by Arcady Mushegian, Eugene V. Koonin and Patrick Forterre. For the full reviews please go to the Reviewers' comments section.</p

    Axial myopathic syndrome

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    RickA Expression Is Not Sufficient to Promote Actin-Based Motility of Rickettsia raoultii

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    Background: Rickettsia raoultii is a novel Rickettsia species recently isolated from Dermacentor ticks and classified within the spotted fever group (SFG). The inability of R. raoultii to spread within L929 cells suggests that this bacterium is unable to polymerize host cell actin, a property exhibited by all SFG rickettsiae except R. peacocki. This result led us to investigate if RickA, the protein thought to generate actin nucleation, was expressed within this rickettsia species. Methodology/Principal Findings: Amplification and sequencing of R. raoultii rickA showed that this gene encoded a putative 565 amino acid protein highly homologous to those found in other rickettsiae. Using immunofluorescence assays, we determined that the motility pattern (i.e. microcolonies or cell-to-cell spreading) of R. raoultii was different depending on the host cell line in which the bacteria replicated. In contrast, under the same experimental conditions, R. conorii shares the same phenotype both in L929 and in Vero cells. Transmission electron microscopy analysis of infected cells showed that non-motile bacteria were free in the cytosol instead of enclosed in a vacuole. Moreover, western-blot analysis demonstrated that the defect of R. raoultii actin-based motility within L929 cells was not related to lower expression of RickA. Conclusion/Significance: These results, together with previously published data about R. typhi, strongly suggest that another factor, apart from RickA, may be involved with be responsible for actin-based motility in bacteria from the Rickettsi

    Cavernome intramedullaire: a propos d’un cas

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    Le cavernome intramĂ©dullaire, malformation vasculaire rare, reprĂ©sente environ 5 Ă  12 % des malformations vasculaires spinales et 3 % des malformations vasculaires intra-durales. Il peut ĂȘtre longtemps asymptomatique ou se manifester par une altĂ©ration brutale ou progressive des fonctions mĂ©dullaires. Le diagnostic repose sur l’imagerie par rĂ©sonance magnĂ©tique (IRM) mĂ©dullaire et l’anatomopathologie. La chirurgie reprĂ©sente l’essentiel de la prise en charge, nĂ©anmoins elle n’est pas dĂ©nudĂ©e de complications. Nous rapportons un cas de cavernome intramĂ©dullaire chez une patiente de 24 ans, admise dans un tableau de compression mĂ©dullaire dorsale lente avec une paraparĂ©sie Ă©voluant depuis 2 ans. L’IRM mĂ©dullaire a objectivĂ© une lĂ©sion intramĂ©dullaire en regard deT7-T8. La patiente a bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d’une exĂ©rĂšse totale de la tumeur et l’histologie a confirmĂ© le cavernome intramĂ©dullaire. L’évolution a Ă©tĂ© marquĂ©e par une aggravation partielle du dĂ©ficit moteur. A travers cette observation, les auteurs discutent les aspects cliniques, radiologiques ainsi que la prise en charge de cette pathologie rare.Mots clĂ©s: Cavernome, intramĂ©dullaire, malformation vasculair
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