102 research outputs found

    L’hemangiopericytome (a propos de 8 cas)

    Get PDF
    Description L’hémangiopéricytome est une tumeur rare, mésenchymateuse, qui prend naissance au niveau des péricytes de Zimmerman. Il est souvent confondu avec le méningiome. Objectif Faire le point sur cette entité histologique souvent méconnue. Méthodes Une étude rétrospective de 8 cas d’hémangiopéricytome colligés au Service de Neurochirurgie de l’hôpital Ibn Rochd de Casablanca au Maroc, entre 2000 et 2008. Résultats Il s’agissait de 6 hommes et 2 femmes. L’âge moyen de nos patients était de 50 ans. Le délai moyen de diagnostic était de 4,75 mois. Le tableau clinique était dominé par les signes d’hypertension intracrânienne. Le bilan neuroradiologique a objectivé le caractère unique des lésions, une taille moyenne de 6,33 cm. Tous nos patient ont été traité par chirurgie avec résection subtotale dans 5 cas et totale dans le reste. Un patient a bénéficié de la radiothérapie post opératoire. L’évolution a été marquée par l’apparition d’une récidive, 3 cas de reprise évolutive et un décès. L’apparition de métastases n’a pas été notée dans notre série. Conclusion L’hémangiopéricytome se caractérise par son potentiel malin, son taux élevé de récidive et de métastase à distance. Son évolution est imprévisible nécessitant une surveillance prolongée.Mots clés : Cellules de Zimmerman, Hémangiopéricytome, Méningiom

    Gene gain and loss events in Rickettsia and Orientia species

    Get PDF
    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Genome degradation is an ongoing process in all members of the <it>Rickettsiales </it>order, which makes these bacterial species an excellent model for studying reductive evolution through interspecies variation in genome size and gene content. In this study, we evaluated the degree to which gene loss shaped the content of some <it>Rickettsiales </it>genomes. We shed light on the role played by horizontal gene transfers in the genome evolution of <it>Rickettsiales</it>.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Our phylogenomic tree, based on whole-genome content, presented a topology distinct from that of the whole core gene concatenated phylogenetic tree, suggesting that the gene repertoires involved have different evolutionary histories. Indeed, we present evidence for 3 possible horizontal gene transfer events from various organisms to <it>Orientia </it>and 6 to <it>Rickettsia </it>spp., while we also identified 3 possible horizontal gene transfer events from <it>Rickettsia </it>and <it>Orientia </it>to other bacteria. We found 17 putative genes in <it>Rickettsia </it>spp. that are probably the result of <it>de novo </it>gene creation; 2 of these genes appear to be functional. On the basis of these results, we were able to reconstruct the gene repertoires of "proto-<it>Rickettsiales</it>" and "proto-<it>Rickettsiaceae</it>", which correspond to the ancestors of <it>Rickettsiales </it>and <it>Rickettsiaceae</it>, respectively. Finally, we found that 2,135 genes were lost during the evolution of the <it>Rickettsiaceae </it>to an intracellular lifestyle.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our phylogenetic analysis allowed us to track the gene gain and loss events occurring in bacterial genomes during their evolution from a free-living to an intracellular lifestyle. We have shown that the primary mechanism of evolution and specialization in strictly intracellular bacteria is gene loss. Despite the intracellular habitat, we found several horizontal gene transfers between <it>Rickettsiales </it>species and various prokaryotic, viral and eukaryotic species.</p> <p>Open peer review</p> <p>Reviewed by Arcady Mushegian, Eugene V. Koonin and Patrick Forterre. For the full reviews please go to the Reviewers' comments section.</p

    Tumeur fibreuse solitaire de l’orbite (un cas)

    Get PDF
    Introduction La tumeur fibreuse solitaire de l’orbite (TFS) est une tumeur mésenchymateuse ubiquitaire exceptionnellement retrouvée dans l’orbite. Nous rapportons un nouveau cas que nous confrontons aux données de la littérature. Observation Un homme âgé de 43 ans, présentait une inflammation conjonctivale de l’oeil gauche évoluant depuis 14 ans, avec apparition progressive d’un ectropion avec exophtalmie axile irréductible et indolore aggravée d’une ophtalmoplégie et cécité gauches. L’IRM orbitaire a mis en évidence une masse rétro-oculaire isointense en T1, hyper signal en T2. L’examen anatomopathologique de la pièce opératoire obtenue par voiefronto-orbitaire gauche a permis de poser le diagnostic de TFS orbitaire.Discussion Le diagnostic de TFS est anatomopathologique. Il s’agit d’une tumeur de nature mésenchymateuse. On note une forte expression de l’antigène CD34 et de la vimentine en immunohistochimie. Conclusion La TFS de l’orbite est une tumeur rare habituellement bénigne. Elle doit être différenciée immunohistochimiquement des autres types mésenchymateuses de l’orbite. Sa prise en charge repose sur l’exérèse chirurgicale complète. Un suivi clinique prolongé est proposé car des récidives peuvent survenir à long terme et il existe des formes malignes

    Axial myopathic syndrome

    Get PDF

    Syndrome myopathique axial

    Get PDF

    RickA Expression Is Not Sufficient to Promote Actin-Based Motility of Rickettsia raoultii

    Get PDF
    Background: Rickettsia raoultii is a novel Rickettsia species recently isolated from Dermacentor ticks and classified within the spotted fever group (SFG). The inability of R. raoultii to spread within L929 cells suggests that this bacterium is unable to polymerize host cell actin, a property exhibited by all SFG rickettsiae except R. peacocki. This result led us to investigate if RickA, the protein thought to generate actin nucleation, was expressed within this rickettsia species. Methodology/Principal Findings: Amplification and sequencing of R. raoultii rickA showed that this gene encoded a putative 565 amino acid protein highly homologous to those found in other rickettsiae. Using immunofluorescence assays, we determined that the motility pattern (i.e. microcolonies or cell-to-cell spreading) of R. raoultii was different depending on the host cell line in which the bacteria replicated. In contrast, under the same experimental conditions, R. conorii shares the same phenotype both in L929 and in Vero cells. Transmission electron microscopy analysis of infected cells showed that non-motile bacteria were free in the cytosol instead of enclosed in a vacuole. Moreover, western-blot analysis demonstrated that the defect of R. raoultii actin-based motility within L929 cells was not related to lower expression of RickA. Conclusion/Significance: These results, together with previously published data about R. typhi, strongly suggest that another factor, apart from RickA, may be involved with be responsible for actin-based motility in bacteria from the Rickettsi

    Brown tumor of lumber spint in patient with chronic renal failure

    Get PDF
    Brown tumors are erosive bone lesions caused by increased osteoclastic activity. They usually occur in the severe forms of secondary&#160; hyperparathyroidism, as in patients with hemodialysis-dependent chronic renal disease. Involvement of the lumbar spine with this tumor causing neural compression is extremely rare. We report a 49-year-old man, who had been on haemodialysis for CRF for over 15 years, presented with leg weakness and back pain over the thoracolumbar junction. There were no motor or sensory disturbances. Spinal MRI revealed osteolytic lesions of the ribs and lumbar vertebrae L1. The clinical and radiological abnormalities resolved after parathyroidectomy and spine surgery

    Cavernome intramedullaire: a propos d’un cas

    Get PDF
    Le cavernome intramédullaire, malformation vasculaire rare, représente environ 5 à 12 % des malformations vasculaires spinales et 3 % des malformations vasculaires intra-durales. Il peut être longtemps asymptomatique ou se manifester par une altération brutale ou progressive des fonctions médullaires. Le diagnostic repose sur l’imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM) médullaire et l’anatomopathologie. La chirurgie représente l’essentiel de la prise en charge, néanmoins elle n’est pas dénudée de complications. Nous rapportons un cas de cavernome intramédullaire chez une patiente de 24 ans, admise dans un tableau de compression médullaire dorsale lente avec une paraparésie évoluant depuis 2 ans. L’IRM médullaire a objectivé une lésion intramédullaire en regard deT7-T8. La patiente a bénéficié d’une exérèse totale de la tumeur et l’histologie a confirmé le cavernome intramédullaire. L’évolution a été marquée par une aggravation partielle du déficit moteur. A travers cette observation, les auteurs discutent les aspects cliniques, radiologiques ainsi que la prise en charge de cette pathologie rare.Mots clés: Cavernome, intramédullaire, malformation vasculair

    Analysis of the Rickettsia africae genome reveals that virulence acquisition in Rickettsia species may be explained by genome reduction

    Get PDF
    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The <it>Rickettsia </it>genus includes 25 validated species, 17 of which are proven human pathogens. Among these, the pathogenicity varies greatly, from the highly virulent <it>R. prowazekii</it>, which causes epidemic typhus and kills its arthropod host, to the mild pathogen <it>R. africae</it>, the agent of African tick-bite fever, which does not affect the fitness of its tick vector.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We evaluated the clonality of <it>R. africae </it>in 70 patients and 155 ticks, and determined its genome sequence, which comprises a circular chromosome of 1,278,540 bp including a <it>tra </it>operon and an unstable 12,377-bp plasmid. To study the genetic characteristics associated with virulence, we compared this species to <it>R. prowazekii</it>, <it>R. rickettsii </it>and <it>R. conorii</it>. <it>R. africae </it>and <it>R. prowazekii </it>have, respectively, the less and most decayed genomes. Eighteen genes are present only in <it>R. africae </it>including one with a putative protease domain upregulated at 37°C.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Based on these data, we speculate that a loss of regulatory genes causes an increase of virulence of rickettsial species in ticks and mammals. We also speculate that in <it>Rickettsia </it>species virulence is mostly associated with gene loss.</p> <p>The genome sequence was deposited in GenBank under accession number [GenBank: <ext-link ext-link-type="gen" ext-link-id="NZ_AAUY01000001">NZ_AAUY01000001</ext-link>].</p
    corecore