Application of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a biocontrol agent against Fusarium infection of sugar beet plants

Applicability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a biocontrol agent of Fusarium oxysporum and as plant growth promoter was investigated. At 5 g L-1concentration, germination rate of the soaked seeds reached 85.83% in comparison with 54.00% for the untreated ones. Plant growth parameters, chlorophyll contents, TSS and sucrose percentages were also tested. Application of 5 g L-1 of yeast resulted in a reduction of the pre- and post-emergence damping-off 6.67 and 11.67%, respectively. Survival of treated plants increased to 83.33% in comparison with 30.00% for the pots inoculated with the pathogen containing untreated seeds. Linear growth of F. oxysporum was inhibited with 39.52% and 50% by using 5 g L-1 and 6.35 g L-1 of the yeast, respectively

TRA-929: A STANDARD LEXICON TO MEASURE THE LEVEL OF SERVICE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SERVICES THROUGH ONLINE TRANSIT-ORIENTED DISCUSSIONS

Public involvement in operation and planning of transit services is becoming a major focus of public transportation agencies. With the growing population and diversification of ideas, distilling knowledge from public opinion to incorporate into decision support systems is a major challenge for transit agencies. The common practice is to collect information from customers via Customer Satisfaction Surveys (CSat). Although such surveys provide useful insight for transit agencies, their design, data collection, and interpretation is expensive and time consuming. Because of the qualitative nature of the questions in these surveys, inconsistency in respondents’ perception of the survey questions is another challenge. Furthermore, for management and decision-making purposes, the results of surveys should be quantified into various key performance indicators. Lack of a standard quantification system causes some biases in the reported results. The advent of online social media has introduced a new bidirectional communication system. Developing a linguistic-based system to interpret customer discussions in social media about the transit system and to transform the discussions into useful information for the agency could overcome some deficiencies existing in CSat. The current study develops a standard lexical resource to categorize online discussions on Twitter into different Level of Service (LOS) indicators

Hyperhidrosis in children and review of its current evidence-based management

Hyperhidrosis (HH) is excessive sweating that usually interferes with the patient’s social life. In more than 80% of the cases, the symptoms start in childhood. Early detection and management can significantly improve the patient’s quality of life; however, HH remains widely underdiagnosed and undertreated, particularly among children. Many patients do not realize that they have a treatable condition and reports have shown that only 38% of the patients had discussed their condition with a healthcare  professional. The aim of this article was to improve awareness on the significant sequel of HH in children and highlight its effects on their quality of life and various available treatment options.Keywords: hyperhidrosis, medical treatment, paediatric, sympathectomy, thoracoscop

Glucocorticoid Receptors and the Pattern of Steroid Response in Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

Introduction: Little is known about the relationships between the T lymphocytes (CD3+) expression of glucocorticoid receptors (GCR) and the response to glucocorticoid treatment in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS). The aim of the current study is to determine whether steroid responsiveness is dependent on the amount of T lymphocytes GCR expressionMethods: We studied 60 children with idiopathic NS in the age group from 2-10 years. According to the response to steroids we classified our patients into early responders (ER; n=46) and late responders (LR; n=14). Sixty age and gender matched healthy children represented the control group. The clinical and laboratory findings at baseline and GCR expression by T lymphocytes (CD3+) as determined by flow cytometry were compared between the three groups.Results: The T lymphocytes (CD3+) expression of GCR was significantly lower in the LR than that in the control group (P<0.01), whereas it was similar in the ER and control groups. GCR expression was also decreased in the LR group compared to the ER group (P<0.01). Furthermore, the T lymphocytes (CD3+) expression of GCR correlated inversely with the time to complete remission (CR) (r = -0.54, P<0.05), but not with urinary protein excretion at baseline.Conclusion: The levels of T lymphocytes (CD3+) expression of GCR may be a useful predictor of steroid responsiveness in children presenting with idiopathic NS

A Review on the Cerebrovascular Segmentation Methods

© 2018 IEEE. This paper explores various methods that have been proposed for the segmentation of the cerebrovascular structure. All of the methods listed are a combination old, new, automatic and semiautomatic models that produce promising results. Each method will be explained along with its advantages and disadvantages. Each of the methods explained are further explored in this paper with variety algorithms produced by using certain models to target certain areas in the cerebrovascular structure. These algorithms were developed to segment cerebrovascular structures from scans obtained from various image modalities e.g., time of flight magnetic-resonance angiography (TOF-MRA), and computed tomography angiography (CTA)

The Information Content of Earnings Announcements in Regulated and Deregulated Markets: The Case of the Airline Industry

Most of the accounting research examining the information content of earnings assumes a competitive market framework. Little research has been devoted to the value relevance of earnings announcements in regulated markets. This paper examines the information content of earnings releases under two economic conditions facing the airline industry: regulation and deregulation (i.e., competition). We hypothesize that in a deregulated (competitive) environment, there is greater competition, causing more risk and uncertainty for the investor in setting security prices. Therefore, earnings\u27 releases provide more useful information in resolving uncertainties and in formulating and revising the investor\u27s beliefs regarding future earnings and prices in deregulated than for regulated markets. Three critical event periods are examined: the regulation period (1973 - 1975), the transition period (1976 - 1978), and the deregulation period (1979 - 1981). A revaluation index (RI) and a standardized revaluation index (SRI) are used to examine the extent of airline stock price revaluation in response to quarterly accounting earnings releases during the three critical event periods. The results indicate that earnings announcements have value relevance in setting security prices in both regulated and deregulated market conditions. However, the level of the market revaluation to earnings releases is dependent on market structure. The market revaluation to earnings releases is greater in a deregulated (competitive) period than in a regulated one. This result confirms the hypothesis that earnings have more value relevance in competitive markets than in regulated ones. The findings of this research have direct implications for the level of accounting disclosure and the extent of financial reporting in a given market structure. Since financial reporting is a costly process, it becomes important to identify the circumstances under which the level of financial disclosure should be expanded or reduce

A study of eutectic indium-bismuth and indium-bismuth-tin Fields metal rapidly solidified from melt

In this paper, the microstructure and thermal behavior of two rapidly solidified of eutectic Indium-Bismuth and Indium-Bismuth-Tin Fields metal are reported. This work experimentally measures the specific heat of the eutectic alloys of the binary Indium-bismuth and indium bismuth tin tertiary system using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) technique and analyzes the results to determine the thermodynamic properties of the system have sufficient scaling for experimental modeling applications. The resultant ribbons were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques, energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) technique. From the differential scanning calorimetry measurements, it is found that entropy change, enthalpy and specific heat are improved and enhanced compared with literature. The electrical resistivity was reported for temperatures between 295 and 330 K for all the melt-quenched ribbons of binary In-49Biand tertiary In-32.5 Bi -16.5 Sn (wt.%). The microhardness, elastic moduli, internal friction and both thermal diffusivity and thermal effusivity were also measured. Fields metal is more than suitable for use in experimental settings as it is non-reactive, non-toxic, simple to manufacture, easy to use, and responds to a magnetic force

Biologischer Abbau von Substratgemischen aus Phenol, Benzoat und Acetat durch Burkholderia cepacia G4

Burkholderia cepacia G4 was cultivated in batch and continuous mode on the substrates phenol, benzoate and acetate applied as single substrates and in various substrate combinations. Under steady state conditions in a chemostat, conversion of all three substrates was complete. This was shown for individual substrates as well as for substrate mixtures. In substrate mixtures, all compounds were mineralized simultaneously, no diauxic behaviour was observed. It was shown that stoichiometric coefficients, derived from single substrate experiments, can be transferred to substrate mixtures under these conditions. Under substrate surplus conditions, all cultivations on phenol or benzoate showed a decrease of the carbon recovery. On acetate, no deviation of the carbon recovery was observed. For all three substrates, an influence of the culture history was observed, leading to different adaptations times after start of an experiment. The time constants are too large for enzyme regulation, but correspond well with genetic regulation. In addition to the influence of the culture history, a metabolic decoupling was observed. In contrast to benzoate and acetate, the phenol conversion kinetics is influenced by a further, not yet identified factor. For substrate mixtures of phenol and acetate, a strong inhibition of phenol on acetate conversion was detected. Acetate, on the other hand, reduced the phenol conversion only slightly. For substrate mixture of phenol and benzoate, no cross inhibition was detected. For ternary mixtures of all three compounds, an inhibitory effect of phenol versus acetate conversion was not observed.Das Abbauverhalten einer Reinkultur von Burkholderia cepacia G4 wurde hinsichtlich der Einzelverbindungen Phenol, Benzoat und Acetat und Gemischen derselben bei unterschiedlichen Kultivierungsbedingungen untersucht. Unter stationären Bedingungen bei Substratlimitierung im Chemostat wurde für alle drei Verbindungen ein vollständiger Umsatz beobachtet, sowohl bei den Einzelsubstanzen wie auch bei den Substratgemischen. Es erfolgte ein simultaner Abbau aller Substrate in den Gemischen, eine Diauxie trat nicht auf. Die stöchiometrischen Daten aus dem Einzelsubstratsystem können auf das Gemisch übertragen werden. Unter Substratüberschuß trat bei allen Satzversuchen mit Phenol oder Benzoat ein Kohlenstoffbilanzdefizit auf. Beim Acetatumsatz wurde keine Abweichung der Kohlenstoffbilanz beobachtet. Für alle drei Substrate wurde ein Einfluß der Kulturhistorie festgestellt, der zu unterschiedlich langen Adaptationsphasen nach versuchsbeginn führte. Die Zeitkonstante der Adaptation deutet auf genetische, nicht auf Enzymeregulation hin. Zusätzlich zum Einfluß der Kulturhistorie wurde bei Substratüberschuß eine metabolische Entkopplung sowie ausschließlich bei Phenol noch eine weitere bis jetzt noch nicht identifizierte Einflußgröße auf die Kinetik festgestellt. Bei Substratgemischen aus Phenol und Acetat wurde eine starke Inhibition des Acetatabbaus durch Phenol beobachtet, während umgekehrt Acetat den Phenolumsatz nur leicht inhibiert. Bei Gemischen aus Phenol und Benzoat konnte keine gegenseitige Inhibition festgestellt werden. Die ausgeprägte Inhibition des Acetatabbaus durch Phenol ist bei den ternären Gemischen nicht erkennbar