Sensor fault reconstruction for wind turbine benchmark model using a modified sliding mode observer

This paper proposes a fault diagnosis scheme applied to a wind turbine system. The technique used is based on a modified sliding mode observer (SMO), which permits the reconstruction of actuator and sensor faults. A wind turbine benchmark with a real sequence of wind speed is exploited to validate the proposed fault detection and diagnosis scheme. Rotor speed, generator speed, blade pitch angle, and generator torque have different orders of magnitude. As a result, the dedicated sensors are susceptible to faults of quite varying magnitudes, and estimating simultaneous sensor faults with accuracy using a classical SMO is difficult. To address this issue, some modifications are made to the classic SMO. In order to test the efficiency of the modified SMO, several sensor fault scenarios have been simulated, first in the case of separate faults and then in the case of simultaneous faults. The simulation results show that the sensor faults are isolated, detected, and reconstructed accurately in the case of separate faults. In the case of simultaneous faults, with the proposed modification of SMO, the faults are precisely isolated, detected, and reconstructed, even though they have quite different amplitudes; thus, the relative gap does not exceed 0.08% for the generator speed sensor fault

Low-cost real-time internet of things-based monitoring system for power grid transformers

One of the most common causes of blackouts is unexpected failures at power system transformer levels. The purpose of this project is to create a low-cost Internet of things (IoT)-based monitoring system for power grid transformers in order to investigate their working status in real-time. Our monitoring system’s key functions are the gathering and display of many metrics measured at the transformer level (temperature, humidity, oil level, voltage, vibration, and pressure). The data will be collected using various sensors connected to a microcontroller with an embedded Wi-Fi module (DOIT Esp32 DevKit v1), and then supplied to a cloud environment interface with a full display of all the ongoing changes. This technology will provide the power grid maintenance center with a clear image of the transformers’ health, allowing them to intervene at the right time to prevent system breakdown. The method described above would considerably improve the efficiency of a power transformer in a smart grid system by detecting abnormalities before they become critical

A New Maximum Power Point Tracking Based on Neural Networks and Incremental Conductance for Wind Energy Conversion System

This work presents a new Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for the connection of the wind turbine system (WT) to the synchronous permanent magnet generator (PMSG). To search the maximum power of the wind turbine, we have proposed a new MPPT which combines two techniques: Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and incremental conductance (IncCond) method. The advantage of ANN-based WT model method is the fast MPP approximation base on the ability of ANN according the parameters of WT that used. The advantage of IncCond method is the ability to search the exactly MPP based on the feedback voltage. In our case the ANN is employed to predict the maximum voltage of the WT, under different values of wind speed, and the control of DC–DC boost converter operation is executed by applying incremental conductance (IncCond) technique. The proposed system includes a wind turbine associated to a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), a rectifier and a DC-DC converter with MPPT control. The proposed algorithm is tested under MATLAB SIMULINK

Improved design and performance of the global rectenna system for wireless power transmission applications around 2.45 GHz

This work proposes a new conception of the global microstrip rectenna system operating around 2.45 GHz. This improved rectenna system associates a receiving antenna with a rectifier circuit. This rectenna is printed on an FR4 substrate. The proposed antenna is a 1×4 microstrip antenna patch array with pentagonal patches using the defective ground structure method and operates with circular polarization. To show the effectiveness of this array, the results obtained by the computer simulation technology microwave studio (CST MWS) software prove that this array is good in terms of high gain, high directivity, high efficiency, wideband, small volume, and well-adaptation, and all these results are confirmed by another solver high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS). The improved rectifier is a microstrip rectifier that uses an HSMS2852 Schottky diode by using a series topology. The effectiveness of this rectifier is proved by the simulation results using advanced design system (ADS) software in terms of well-matching input impedance, high efficiency, and important output direct current (DC) voltage value. The proposed rectenna system is more efficient compared with the existing works and is very appropriate for several applications of wireless power transmission to power supply electronic instruments in various fields cleanly on our planet

Asymmetric Fuzzy Logic Controlled DC-DC Converter for Solar Energy system

<p><strong>In this paper, a controlled voltage system for a solar energy source is presented, by a new command called fuzzy logic controller (FLC), via a DC-DC converter .The fuzzy logic control is selected due its performance and efficiency even for nonlinear systems such as the DC-DC converters.  </strong></p><p><strong>A simulation with MATLAB SIMULINK environment of the FL control system, compared with a classical PI controller, is presented at the end of the paper to illustrate the good behavior of the control.</strong></p

Design and Experimentation of a Control System Implemented on Raspberry Pi 3 Board for Photovoltaic Systems Using SEPIC Converter

In this paper, a voltage regulation system is proposed for photovoltaic energy sources (PV), using Single-Ended Primary Inductance Converter as a DC-DC converter to feed loads working with specific input voltage. The choose of SEPIC converter is due to the output voltage ripple of developed-type converters are usually small and can be lower than 2%, also it considered as a buck and boost converter and thereafter loads with lower or higher voltage could be powered. Matlab Simulink is used as environment to develop control strategies to guaranties a stable voltage at the loads terminals. Two algorithms are used to fulfill this role: A Conventional PID and PI-Fuzzy logic controller to generate the PWM signal for the SEPIC converter. Hence, to validate the work some real-time simulations are treated by implemented the control strategies on a low-cost control board: The Raspberry Pi 3 in order to manage the operation of system and collecting the simulation data. Also, and for verification purposes, several simulations were treated to verify the good behavior of the proposed system

Fuzzy sliding mode control for maximum power point tracking of a photovoltaic pumping system

In this paper a new maximum power point tracking method based on fuzzy sliding mode control is proposed, and employed in a PV water pumping system based on a DC-DC boost converter, to produce maximum power from the solar panel hence more speed in the DC motor and more water quantity. This method combines two different tracking techniques sliding mode control and fuzzy logic; our controller is based on sliding mode control, then to give better stability and enhance the power production a fuzzy logic technique was added. System modeling, sliding method definition and the new control method presentation are represented in this paper. The results of the simulation that are compared to both sliding mode controller and perturbation and observation method demonstrate effectiveness and robustness of the proposed controller