Isolated localization of Rosai Dorfman disease as renal mass: a case report and review of literature

We report a rare case of an elderly woman presented with right renal mass with invasion of renal vein and several small lymphadenopathy in the hilar area .the diagnosis of kidney cancer is suspected and the patient underwent open radical nephrectomy, surrenalectomy and lymphadenectomy dissection. The pathologic examinations find a rosai dorfman disease. This unusual benign entity is uncommon in the kidney, but in medical imaging, it may simulate an infiltrative renal neoplasm, especially a lymphoma or leukemia or even renal cell carcinoma. A comprehensive literature review was undertaken to summarize the clinical and pathologic features of this disorder.Pan African Medical Journal 2016; 2

La fibrose rétropéritonéale: à propos de 12 cas

La fibrose rétropéritonéale (FRP) est une maladie rare. Elle se caractérise par la transformation progressive du tissu adipeux rétopéritonéal en une masse fibreuse qui enserre l'aorte, la veine cave inférieure et les voies urinaires responsable d'une altération progressive de la fonction rénale. Le mode habituel de présentation de cette maladie comporte l'association de douleurs lombaires, d'une insuffisance rénale, et d'un syndrome inflammatoire biologique. Nous rapportons 12 cas de fibrose rétropéritonéale dont nous précisons les particularités cliniques, radiologiques et thérapeutiques. Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective portant sur douze cas de fibrose rétropéritonéale colligés au service d'urologie au CHU Hassan II de Fès durant une période de 9 ans (2005-2013). Il s'agissait de dix hommes et deux femmes. La symptomatologie clinique était très variable, dominée par la douleur lombaire qui était présente chez tous les malades et une hydrocèle chez un patient. Les explorations biologiques avaient montré une insuffisance rénale chez tous les malades et un syndrome inflammatoire chez dix patients. Le diagnostic de la maladie était suspecté dans tous les cas sur les données de l'échographie qui a montré une obstruction de la voie excrétrice supérieure sans obstacle visible chez tous les malades, et confirmé par la TDM abdominale sans injection du produit de contraste qui objectivait une lésion tissulaire rétropéritonéale engainant les vaisseaux et les voies urinaires. Dans notre série, la fibrose rétropéritonéale était idiopathique dans neuf cas. Elle était péri anévrysmale chez deux malades, et post radiothérapie chez un malade. Tous nos patients avaient bénéficié d'un drainage urinaire par sonde urétérale double J. Sept malades avaient reçu une corticothérapie. Une amélioration clinique et biologique, avec disparition de la douleur et amélioration de l'état général, a été observée chez 6 patients. A travers cette étude nous avons confirmé la rareté de la fibrose rétropéritonéale, la difficulté de son diagnostic, la fréquence de la douleur, du syndrome inflammatoire et de l'insuffisance rénale. La TDM abdominale sans injection du produit de contraste confirme le diagnostic. Le drainage urinaire est indispensable dans la plupart des cas et le suivi régulier des malades est nécessaire.Mots clés: Fibrose rétropéritonéale, insuffisance rénale, TDM abdominale, sondes urétérales en double j, corticothérapieEnglish Title: Retroperitoneal fibrosis: about 12 casesEnglish AbstractRetroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is rare. It is characterized by the gradual transformation of retroperitoneal adipose tissue into a fibrous mass surrounding the aorta, the inferior vena cava and the urinary tract responsible for progressive alteration in the renal function. It usually manifests as lumbar pain associated with renal failure and biologic inflammatory syndrome. We report 12 cases of retroperitoneal fibrosis in order to determine its clinical, radiological and therapeutic features. We conducted a retrospective study of 12 patients with retroperitoneal fibrosis whose medical data were collected in the Departement of Urology at the University Hospital Hassan II, Fes over a period of 9 years (2005-2013). The study involved ten men and two women. Clinical symptomatology was very variable, dominated by lumbar pain in all patients and hydrocele in 1 patient. Laboratory tests showed renal failure in all patients and inflammatory syndrome in 10 patients. The diagnosis of retroperitoneal fibrosis was suspected in all patients on ultrasound showing obstruction of the upper urinary tract without visible obstacle. The diagnosis was confirmed by abdominal CT scan without contrast that objectified a retroperitoneal tissue lesion enveloping the vessels and the urinary tract. Nine patients had idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis. Two patients had perianeurysmal fibrosis and one patient had post-radiation fibrosis. All patients underwent urinary drainage by double J. ureteral catheter. Seven patients underwent corticosteroid therapy. Six patients had an improvement of clinical and laboratory test outcome with disappearance of pain and improvement of the general condition. This study confirms the rarity of retroperitoneal fibrosis, the difficulty of diagnosis, pain associated with inflammatory syndrome and renal failure as common manifestations. Abdominal CT scan without contrast is the gold standard for definitive diagnosis. Urinary drainage is essential in most cases as well as regular monitoring of patients.Keywords: Retroperitoneal fibrosis, renal failure, abdominal computed tomography scan, double-J ureteral catheter, corticosteroid therap

HPLC-PDA/ESI-MS Analysis of Phenolic Compounds and Bioactivities of the Ethanolic Extract from Flowers of Moroccan <i>Anacyclus clavatus</i>

In this work, polyphenols were extracted from Anacylus clavatus flowers using a hydroethanolic solvent, and the obtained extract was studied for its total phenol and flavonoid contents and evaluated for its antioxidant and antibacterial capacities. The contents of total phenols and flavonoids were measured by employing gallic acid and quercetin as references, respectively, and the phenolic composition analysis was conducted using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with a photodiode array and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA/ESI-MS). The antioxidant capacity of the extracts was tested using a potassium ferric reducing antioxidant power (PFRAP) assay, and the antibacterial activity assay was carried out against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimirium) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphyloccocus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes) using the broth microdilution assay. The phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts equaled 9.53 ± 0.48 mg GAE/g dm and 1.31 ± 0.06 mg QE/g dm, respectively. The chromatographic analysis of the phenolic profile detected 26 phenolic compounds belonging to phenolic acids, flavones and flavonols, and with the caffeoylquinic acid derivatives being the major phenolic compounds present in 12 isomers. Only one organic compound, viz. citric acid, was found. The extracts exhibited interesting antioxidant activity. Bacteriostatic activity towards Escherichia coli and bactericidal activity against Salmonella typhimirium, Staphyloccocus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes were determined. This study revealed that Anacyclus clavatus flower extracts contain phenolic compounds with interesting bioactivities

Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Extract from Flowers of <i>Rosa damascena</i> from Morocco

Rosa damascena is referred to as the queen of roses due to its ornamental, flavoring, and perfuming uses, along with its recognized use in therapy. This study aimed to investigate the total phenols and flavonoids contents, the phenolic compounds, and study the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of the hydroethanolic extract from Rosa damascena flowers, collected from the Middle Atlas of Morocco (Khenifra). The total phenols and flavonoids were assessed using gallic acid and quercetin as standards, and the phenolic compounds were characterized using HPLC-PDA-ESI/MS. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by two methods, namely ferric reducing assay power and total antioxidant capacity. The broth microdilution method was employed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of extract against four bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes). Up to 16 phenolic compounds belonging to tannins and flavonoids were positively identified in the Rosa damascena extract. The latter displayed high antioxidant activity and exhibited a bacteriostatic effect against Escherichia coli and a bactericidal effect against Salmonella typhimuriumn, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes. As a result, the flowers of Rosa damascena might be employed as natural agents in the pharmaceutical field

Determination of the Phenolic Profile, and Evaluation of Biological Activities of Hydroethanolic Extract from Aerial Parts of Origanum compactum from Morocco

Origanum compactum belonging to the family Lamiaceae is widely used in food and pharmaceutical fields due to its biologically active substances. We aimed to investigate the total phenol and flavonoid contents and the phenolic composition, and to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of hydroethanolic extract from of Origanum compactum. Total phenol and flavonoid contents were evaluated using gallic acid and quercetin as standards, respectively, and the phenolic profile was characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a photodiode array and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA-ESI/MS). The antioxidant activity was determined by two methods: ferric reducing power (FRAP) assay and the phosphomolybdate method. The antibacterial effect was evaluated against four bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes) using the broth microdilution method. The findings show that the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 107.789 &plusmn; 5.39 mg GAE/g dm and 14,977 &plusmn; 0.79 mg QE/g dm, respectively. A total of sixteen phenolic compounds belonging to phenolic acids and flavonoids were detected. Furthermore, the extract showed strong antioxidant activity, and displayed a bacteriostatic effect against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimuriumn, and a bactericidal effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes. Therefore, this study reveals that Origanum compactum extracts display potential as antibacterial and natural antioxidant agents for fighting against pathogenic bacteria and preventing oxidative stress

Characterization of Phenolic Compounds, Vitamin E and Fatty Acids from Monovarietal Virgin Olive Oils of “Picholine marocaine” Cultivar

Olive oil is an important product in the Mediterranean diet, due to its health benefits and sensorial characteristics. Picholine marocaine is the most cultivated variety in Morocco. The present research aims to evaluate the phenolic compounds, vitamin E and fatty acids of commercial Picholine marocaine virgin olive oils (VOOs) from five different North Moroccan provinces (Chefchaouen, Taounate, Errachidia, Beni Mellal and Taza), using HPLC-photodiode array (PDA)/electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS, normal phase (NP)-HPLC/ fluorescence detector (FLD) and GC-flame ionization detector (FID)/MS, respectively. The obtained results showed an average content of 130.0 mg kg&minus;1 of secoiridoids (oleuropein aglycone, 10-hydroxy-oleuropein aglycone and ligstroside aglycone, oleocanthal and oleacein), 108.1 mg kg&minus;1 of phenolic alcohols (tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol), 34.7 mg kg&minus;1 of phenolic acids (caffeic acid, ferulic acid and elenolic acid), and 8.24 mg kg&minus;1 of flavonoids (luteolin, luteolin glucoside, apigenin). With regard to vitamin E, &alpha;-tocopherol was the most abundant vitamin E (57.9 mg kg&minus;1), followed by &alpha;-tocotrienol (2.5 mg kg&minus;1), &gamma;-tocopherol (4.5 mg kg&minus;1) and &beta;-tocopherol (1.9 mg kg&minus;1), while &delta;-tocopherol was not detected. Moreover, 14 fatty acids were found and, among them, oleic acid (76.1%), linoleic acid (8.1%) palmitic acid (8.7%) and stearic acid (2.5%) were the major fatty acids detected. Finally, heat map and principal component analysis allowed us to classify the studied provinces in terms of VOO chemical composition: Chefchaouen (tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol), Taounate (oleuropein aglycone), Errachidia (ferulic acid, w-3 and w-6), Beni Mellal (oleocanthal) and Taza (luteolin and oleic acid)

Flavonoid Composition and Antibacterial Properties of Crocus sativus L. Petal Extracts

Saffron petals, which are the main by-products of Crocus sativus L. (Iridaceae family), are produced in large quantities and are known for their many beneficial properties. In this regard, this study aims to investigate the phenolic composition and antibacterial properties of hydroethanolic extracts from Crocus sativus L. petals collected from Serghina (province of Boulmane) in Morocco. The phenolic profiles were characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a photodiode array and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA-ESI/MS). The antibacterial potential was evaluated against four bacterial strains potentially causing food-borne disease (Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes) using disc diffusion and broth micro-dilution assays. Results showed that a total of 27 phenolic compounds was detected in the Crocus sativus L. petal extracts, which were assigned to flavonoids (kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin, and myricetin derivatives). The most abundant compound was represented by kaempferol-sophoroside isomer (20.82 mg/g &plusmn; 0.152), followed by kaempferol-sophoroside-hexoside (2.63 mg/g &plusmn; 0.001). The hydroethanolic extracts of Crocus sativus L. petals demonstrated bactericidal effects against Staphylococcus&nbsp;aureus and Listeria monocetogenes and bacteriostatic effects against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Therefore, the by-product Crocus sativus L. petal extracts might be considered as valuable sources of natural antibacterial agents with potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries