Does team-based learning develop essential generic skills in pharmacy students?

In order to deliver graduates with the necessary qualities, skills and understanding to be employable, universities should do more than only teach disciplinary content. TBL is a small-group-based, active learning teaching strategy which supports the development of essential skills while mastering course content.In this study, a questionnaire was used to collect biographical data. It consisted of 20 quantitative questions focusing on essential generic skills developed during the implementation of TBL in a fourth-year pharmacy course. Participation was voluntary and ethical approval was received from the faculty’s ethics committee.The results pointed out that pharmacy students developed essential generic skills such as teamwork, problem-solving, interpersonal skills, time management, communication and adaptability when TBL was used as teaching strategy. TBL does not discriminate against age, gender or ethnicity, which makes it a valuable teaching strategy in South African higher education settings

The impact of personality and self-efficacy on customer revenge behaviour

Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.Betrayed customers are increasingly seeking ways to restore fairness. One way to do this is through customer revenge. Customer revenge behaviour has become an increasingly important topic in marketing research, especially with the far reaching impact that online complaining (a form of indirect revenge) has. Revenge behaviour usually takes place after a service failure and a failed attempt at service recovery, and is an attempt to redress an interpersonal offence by committing an aggressive action against a perceived offender. This is done to 1) get even with the company, 2) restore a moral balance, or 3) is sometimes justified by customers as a moral obligation to restore the balance between the customer and the firm. There are two forms of revenge behaviour: direct and indirect revenge. Direct revenge consists of marketplace aggression and vindictive complaining, and indirect revenge consists of negative word-of-mouth and online complaints. This study expands and tests a comprehensive model of customer revenge behaviour (adapted from Gregoire, Laufer & Tripp, 2010) within a service environment. Revenge behaviour is usually an attempt to redress an interpersonal offence by committing an aggressive action against a perceived offender (Bechwati & Morrin, 2003; McCullough et al., 2001; Zourrig et al., 2009). Previous models of customer revenge behaviour assumes that all customers go through certain phases towards a desire for revenge and then, possibly, actual revenge behaviour. This study attempts to show that some customers are more likely to enact revenge than others. First, the key role that customers’ personality type plays in the development of a desire for revenge is investigated. Personality type can be described as a combination of characteristics that makes up an individuals’ character (McCullough et al., 2001). Two personality types (derived from the Big Five personality types) that are hypothesised as being more inclined to developing a desire for revenge: agreeableness and conscientiousness, where customers who have low levels of agreeableness and low levels of conscientiousness are more inclined to develop a desire for revenge

Portraits

ThesisThe script consist of some highlights in the history of portrait photography and interviews with of two famous portrait photographers: Horst Paul Albert Bohnnann and Johan Pretorius as well as and seven helpful hints to successful portraiture. Some techniques (including lighting techniques), as well as the equipment needed for portrait photography is discussed. Several kinds of portraiture such as the infonnaVformal portrait and group portraits are also discussed. The script also deals with some of the author's own work

The evaluation of the reliability of the motor-free visual perceptual test (Third Edition) when translated into Afrikaans, on an Afrikaans first language urban population (East of Pretoria, South Africa) aged 8 years 0 months to 8 years 11 months

Student Number: 0110826H - MSc research report - School of Occupational Therapy - Faculty of Health SciencesA comparative study was undertaken to assess the reliability of the MVPT-3 when the instructions were translated into Afrikaans and the scores were then compared to the normative data obtained during the standardization process on a normal population of American children. The study was undertaken by testing 80 randomly selected, normally distributed, Afrikaans first language speaking eight year old children from the eastern suburbs of Pretoria, South Africa. The study confirmed that the MVPT-3 is reliable when the instructions are given in Afrikaans with a Chonbach’s alpha score of 0.79 compared to 0.83 obtained for the American population. The item analysis revealed some anomalies that suggest that the test may have a cultural bias as many items had a negative sign in the item analysis. Afrikaans girls and boys performed differently on the test, suggesting that the test may need to be adjusted for differing skills in the visual perception. There were a high number of non-contributing items that suggest that some items in the test may not be valid for South African Children

Profitable canola production in the south coastal region 2000

Why grow canola in the South Coast Region? Canola is a member of the Brassicaceae family, which also includes mustard, turnip, wild radish, cauliflower, cabbage and broccoli. It is a winter growing oilseed that can be produced in most arable areas of Australia where winter crops are currently grown. Originally known as rapeseed using the species B. campestris, the species of B. napus have almost completely replaced this earlier species in all the areas where the crop is grown.https://researchlibrary.agric.wa.gov.au/bulletins/1140/thumbnail.jp

Does South Africa have a coherent policy for source-based taxation based on the permanent establishment concept, and how has this policy been implemented in its bilateral tax treaties?

The difference between South Africa’s domestic PE definition and the PE definition in its various DTCs and regional MTCs suggest some material inconsistency in South Africa’s PE policy. The research question this minor dissertation seeks to answer is whether South Africa has a coherent PE policy for source-based taxation. In addressing this question, this thesis considered what South Africa’s PE negotiating policy is and identified trends in its tax treaty practice in order to determine any inconsistency with its domestic PE definition. The key finding arising from the research of this minor dissertation is that South Africa does not have a coherent PE policy as its domestic policy is based on the OECD PE definition from time to time, whereas its tax treaty negotiating position and tax treaty practice is closely aligned with the 2006 SA MTC. Finally, this thesis provide recommendations to South Africa’s relevant fiscal authorities on how to reform the PE policy in a coherent manner

The Covid-19 Pandemic and the Importance of Financing the Biotechnology Industry in South Africa

Whether it is a government research institution, a public-private partnership, or a private enterprise, the South African biotechnology industry requires funding for the biotechnology industry. Our goal with this research is to look into the role of venture capital (VC) in financing biotech enterprises and demonstrate how VC finance could aid in the development of diagnostic kits and vaccines for Covid-19 or future pandemics in South Africa. The study aims to provide policymakers with a clear image of the importance of funding the biotechnology sector, notably during the Covid-19 period, as recognized by the industry\u27s key players. We employed a questionnaire and an interview survey with the key agencies in biotechnology eco-system to understand the role of biotechnology funding, notably during the Covid-19 pandemic. Overall, participants believe that South Africa\u27s biotechnology lags behind that of other developing countries, but that it has the potential to grow greatly with enablers. It is also regarded immature, fragmented, and fractured due to a lack of financing and a committed organization to organize operations. The South African biotechnology venture capital business is in its infancy stage, risk-averse, conservative in its investment power. In addition, the response time to the pandemic, financial coordination for Covid-19 research, a lack of communication between authorities, and several labs out of operation owing to full-lockdowns have all been noted as problems

Job satisfaction across different age groups and tenure at the City of Cape Town's department of social development and early childhood development

Job satisfaction is an essential factor for all employers and the benefits of a satisfied workforce have been proven. Understanding what the key factors that promote job satisfaction and how this differs amongst different age groups and years in a position is the purpose of this research study. Exploring the association between job satisfaction, performance and retention was a further goal of this study. This qualitative study was conducted with an exploratory and descriptive research design and adopted purposive sampling of seventeen officials employed in the City of Cape Town's Department of Social Development and Early Childhood Development. All participants were interviewed individually using a semi-structured interview schedule and the data gathered was presented along with direct quotes from these interviews. The research study found that financial remuneration and benefits, management, organisation culture, nature of work, emotional exhaustion, intrinsic satisfaction and development were key factors to the participants in terms of their job satisfaction. Interestingly, those factors considered basic or lower order, while important do not provide satisfaction, but can cause dissatisfaction if deficits are perceived. Satisfaction is found in those factors considered higher order or motivators and herein the participants felt there was room for improvement. Several distinctions were found between when considering the influence of these factors amongst both age and tenure amongst the participants. Furthermore, associations between retention and job satisfaction were not as evident as those found been job satisfaction and productivity. Key recommendations made for the Department of Social Development and Early Childhood Development centred on clarity on job descriptions and the nature of work and a reassessment of training and development. Finally, the mental health of the officials needs to be viewed as a priority, with considerations around organisation culture, management and communication

The decline of the United Party 1970-1977

Bibliography: pages 358-368

A model for budget management in the Free State provincial government

Thesis (D. Tech.) - Central University of Technology, Free State, 2005The primary objective of this research has been to undertake a critical investigation of the application of the budget process and the achievement of budget objectives in the Free State Provincial Government. The emphasis has been specifically on the planning and control functions of management. The justification for the research is the continuous demand for unlimited public services and the limited availability of the state‟s financial resources. The undertaking proceeded from the hypothetical viewpoint that a budget is designed to assure that public resources are spent according to the preferences of the taxpayer and the legislature. A budget promotes consistency in the process of resource allocation, and its implementation should be enforced by constant evaluation and monitoring. The research includes the following aspects: - The problems encountered by the Free State Provincial Government in its endeavors to optimize the effectiveness and efficiency of the implementation of the budget. - The fundamental principles of budget management in general, and in particular various types of budget and budget management techniques. - The evaluation of budgets as a basis for reporting on performance and the importance of such performance reports. The research methodology followed relies both on a survey of relevant literature and on empirical data. The former consists of a discussion regarding the extent to which the present budget system promotes effective and efficient budget control management and the achievement of budget objectives. As part of the empirical research an “ex post facto” analysis was undertaken of external audit reports and appropriation accounts over a period of fourteen years. In addition the fishbone or root-cause analysis approach was followed to identify core symptoms. The theoretical and empirical research yielded the following results: - The partial disturbance of the input/output relationship means that performance cannot be measured against profit as in the private sector. To compensate for this deficiency management should focus on financial statements and on audit and performance reports to measure performance. - Management needs to have an unimpeded access to budget information on the financial management system right from the beginning of each new financial year. - Estimates of expenditure (projections) should be captured on a monthly basis in the financial management system. With the implementation of the Medium Term Expenditure Framework, budget projections must be regarded as compulsory. - Press reports and reports of the Auditor-General indicated that shortcomings relating to audit committees still exist both on national and provincial levels. This deficiency has a negative effect on the effectiveness of the internal audit function. - An annual percentage deviation in various departments between voted amounts and expenditure was substantial. In some instances the deviation - Losses should be monitored constantly, and management should be aware of the impact of losses and claims on financial resources. Their prevention should be part of each department‟s financial strategy. - Budget manipulation reduces the budget‟s effectiveness and efficiency as a means of performance measurement. The first possible solution to solve the problems associated with the budget is privatization of the service or function. The second possibility is the implementation of a quality control program. Its objective would be to reverse poor performance. To be successful, the quality control program should rely on clear accountabilities, effective partnerships and devoted leadership. A third recommendation might be the implementation of a quality assurance and quality control division for each department. The first component would gather all the necessary documentation to assure quality while the second would monitor effective application. The first requirement in measuring performance will be the motivation of all staff to be committed to the improvement of service delivery. The second challenge will be to train them accordingly. The third challenge will be the development of a performance report procedure for each department. A further recommendation is the analysis and reduction of underspending. Finally, accounting officers must implement effective and transparent processes of financial and risk management. Broadly viewed, the integration of budget and strategic planning initiatives of the National Treasury are a slow process that cannot be implemented overnight. National departments and provinces are, however, requested by National Treasury to improve on the outputs and the development of robust output performance measures and service delivery indicators. This viewpoint supports the proposed budget-management model aimed at effective objective achievement or sustainable development of the Free State. In future the budget management process could be based on this model to improve service delivery