EVALUATION OF A PROGRAM OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES ADAPTED TO THE MORPHOLOGICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BODY COMPOSITION PARAMETERS OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE ADOLESCENTS OF THE LUKUNGA SPORTS CLUB OF KINSHASA, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO

Objective. To study the effects of regular physical activity on the morphological, physiological and body composition parameters of overweight and obese adolescents.Methods. We conducted an experimental study with30 adolescents divided in two according to their body mass index. The group 1 was composed of overweight subjects with a body mass index between 25-29.9 kg / m2, and group 2 obese subjects with a body mass index ≥ 30 kg / m2 subjected to a program of adapted physical activity associated with a low-calorie nutrition education low in cholesterol and in saturated fatty acids (bad fats), low-fat rich in vegetables, fruits and vitamins for a period of six months. Results. This study reveals that after six months of intervention, overweight subjects significantly decreased waist circumference (82.9±4.2 cm before versus 77.6±4.6 cm after), heart rate (86.8±3.6 beat/min before versus 81.4±3.8 beat/min after), total fat (32.2±1.8% before versus 27.2±1.5% after), visceral fat (16.6±2.3% before versus 11.1±2.5% after), and decreased muscle (15.6±2.7% before versus 19.4±4.1% after), while obese subjects significantly decreased waist circumference (88.9±6.2cm before versus 85.8±5.9cm after), visceral fat (17.4±3.2% before versus 14.1±3.1% after), respiratory capacity (61.1±2.7%before versus 65±2.1%). In addition this study reveals that overweight subjects compared to obese subjects more changed their waist circumference (77.6±4.6cm for overweight versus 85.8±5.9cm for obese), body mass index (24.9±4.1kg/m2 for overweight versus 28.8±1.2kg/m2 for obese), heart rate (81.4±3.8 beat/min for overweight versus 28.8±1.2 beat/min for obese), visceral fat (11.1±2.5% for overweight versus 14.1±3.1% for obese), and muscle (19.4±4.1% for overweight versus 17.1±2.1%). Conclusion. Obese adolescents have by means of regular activity significantly changed their morphological, physiological and body composition parameters of overweight and obese

Relation entre composition corporelle et valeurs spirométriques dans la population adulte de Kinshasa de 20 à 70 ans: Body composition and spirometric values in an adult population of Kinshasa, aged 20-70 years

Context. Impact of individual anthropometric measures on spirometric values has been previously established. The relevance of body mass indices (BMI) is increasingly being considered, especially in the establishment of reference spirometric equations. Objective. To assess the influence of body composition on spirometric values in healthy adults. Methods. In a cross-sectional survey, spirometric and body composition data of participants were analyzed. Spirometry was performed using a SPIROBANK A23-OU and body indices measured with an OMRON brand impedance meter, type BF 511. Multivariate linear regression helped to determine association between studied parameters, stratified by sex and age groups. Results. A total of 7443 subjects (males, 56.9 %), median age of 37 years for men and 39 years for women were included. A negative correlation regardless of gender, was observed between spirometric values (FEV1, FVC, PEF° and body mass indices including: fat mass (Men vs Women: r= 0.009, P < 0.001 vs r= 0.003, P=0.148), visceral fat, waist size and BMI. Differences were significantely linked to the proportion of fat mass and/or a BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m². Lean mass, on the other hand, appeared to positively influence respiratory function in both genders (r= 0.003; P=0.218 vs r=0.018, P< 0.0001). Conclusion. The study emphasizes the relevance of integrating anthropometric and body composition data in the determination of spirometric reference values. Larger community based surveys are needed to validate the reference equations for futher use. Contexte. Les données anthropométriques influencent les valeurs spirométriques d’un individu. La contribution des indices de masse corporelle est de plus en plus considérée, surtout dans l’établissement des équations de référence pour une population donnée. Objectif. Evaluer l’impact de la composition corporelle sur les valeurs spirométriques dans une population des sujets sains. Méthodes. L’enquête transversale a analysé les données spirométriques et les indices de la composition corporelle (IMC) de participants. Les valeurs spirométriques ont été mesurées à l’aide d’un spiromètre de marque SPIROBANK A23-0U, et les indices de masse corporelle, à l’aide d’un impédancimètre de marque OMRON, type BF 511. Les associations ont été recherchées entre paramètres étudiés stratifiés par sexe et en groupes d’âge, à l’aide d’une analyse multivariée par régression linéaire. Résultats. Au total, 7443 sujets (sexe masculin, 56,9%), d’âge médian de 37 ans chez les hommes et 39 ans chez les femmes ont été inclus. Une corrélation négative, indépendamment du sexe, a été observée entre les valeurs spirométriques (VEMS, CVF, DEP) et les indices de masse corporelle dont : la masse grasse (Hommes vs Femmes : r =0,009, P<0,0001 vs r=0,003, P=0,148), la graisse viscérale, le tour de taille et l’IMC. Cette dernière était plus marquée chez les sujets avec proportion plus importante de masse grasse et/ou un IMC ≥ 30 Kg par m². La masse maigre quant à elle, semblait positivement influencer la fonction respiratoire et ce, indépendamment du sexe (r= 0,003 ; P= 0,218 vs r=0,018, P < 0,0001). Conclusion : Cette étude renforce la pertinence d’intégrer les données anthropométriques et de la composition corporelle dans la détermination des valeurs spirométriques de référence. Des enquêtes multicentriques s’imposent, en vue de la validation des équations de référence. &nbsp

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY OF TRAITORS OF THE MULTIMODAL FREIGHT MANAGEMENT OFFICE OF THE CITY PROVINCE OF KINSHASA

Objective: To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the workplace. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with 210 workers of which 119 male (56.7%) and 91 female (43.3%) selected in a simple random manner in a company in the city of Kinshasa province between November 2013 to January 2014. Overweight was determined by workers with a body mass index between 25 and 29.9 kg / m2 and obesity by those with a body mass index ≥ 30 kg / m2. Results: This study found a prevalence of 23.8% of overweight workers and 48.1% of workers suffering from obesity with predominance in women (65.5% in men vs. 80.2% in women, p <0.014). The frequency of risk factors associated with obesity increased with the increase in weight status of BMI (p <0.001). Conclusion: Obesity is a common pathology in the workplace and hypertension is the main modifiable risk factor. Sedentarity is the main determinant of overweight and obesity. Obesity is a public health problem in the workplace in the city of Kinshasa because of the command and collaboration frameworks are most affected

Improvement of the cardiopulmonary capacity of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of Kinshasa by training of aerobic endurance and resistance

The objective is to determine the effect of aerobic endurance training and resistance on cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. In a follow-up study with a duration of 36 weeks, between March and May 2018, 30 mismatched patients with a mean age of 49 ± 9.7 years followed after medical management at the Kinesiology Department's medical fitness laboratory and functional exercises of University Clinics of Kinshasa, were subject to an aerobic endurance and resistance training program of 3 days per week, for one hour 30 minutes per day, three sets of 20 minutes of work and 10 minutes of rest, of moderate intensity including: treadmill walking, ergo-cycle exercises with progressive loading and respiratory gymnastics. The paired Student T test was used to compare the continuous variables before and after the program. A significant decrease in most of the parameters studied respectively: (- 23 bpm) p &lt;0.0001 for resting heart rate; (- 26 bpm); p &lt;0.0001 for heart rate immediately after exercise (-10 mm Hg); p &lt;0.0001 for systolic blood pressure; (- 8 cycles per minute); p &lt;0.0001 for the respiratory rate; (- 20.7%); p &lt;0.0001 for workload (intensity of effort) and (- 10 minutes); p &lt;0.0001 for dyspnea on exertion. On the other hand, a significant increase of: (+ 2.6 liter per second); p &lt;0.0001 for Peak Expiratory Flow; (+ 19%); p &lt;0.0001 for the Tiffeneau index; (+ 51minutes); p &lt;0.0001 for the duration of sensation of fatigue during exercise; (+ 6%), p &lt;0.0001 for oxygen saturation in the open air and (+ 640 meters); p &lt;0.0001 for the walking area. A training program for aerobic endurance and resistance significantly improves the stress tolerance of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and can be considered as an effective non-pharmacological management for the improvement of physical capacity as well as the quality of life of these patients

Knowledge and practice of the physical activity prescription by generalists and specialist physicians of the city of Kinshasa: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background The health benefits of regular physical activity (PA) are well documented. However, several people in both developed and developing countries do not meet PA recommendations. Health professionals are believed to be potential PA promoters. The purpose of this study is to gain insight into general and specialist practitioners’ knowledge, practices and PA prescription-related factors in private and public hospitals in Kinshasa. Methods A multicenter cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among general and specialist practitioners in the Democratic Republic of the Congo’s capital using a declarative and anonymous questionnaire. Results Overall, 40.2% of the participants were interested in their patient’s PA, 2.3% prescribed PA, and 0.9% did it correctly. Specialist physicians (SPs) prescribed PA more frequently than general practitioners (GP), and private hospital physicians prescribed PA more frequently than public hospital physicians. Five factors were independently associated with participants in prescribing PA: being in a private hospital increased the likelihood of prescribing PA by twofold (aOR, 1.83; 95% CI, 0.99–3.39; p = 0.055), being an SP increased the likelihood by sixfold (aOR, 6.22; 95% CI, 3.78–10.51; p = 0.000), being an internist increase the likelihood by sixfold (aOR, 5.81; 95% CI, 3.45–9.78; p = 0.000), being cardiologist by a factor of 12 (aOR, 12.91; 95% CI, 4.37–38.15; p = 0.000) and knowing the benefits of PA by a factor of 2 (aOR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.29–4.08; p = 0.006). The most common reason given for a lack of interest in patients’ PA, followed by a lack of knowledge about current PA prescribing recommendations and a lack of time. Conclusions SPs and professionals in the private health sector were the most interested in their patients’ PA. A small portion of them actually prescribed it, and only a tiny proportion did it correctly. This bleak picture highlights a need to rethink the undergraduate medical curricula, especially about teachings on the importance and use of PA as a medicine in its own right in disease prevention and treatment