Adsorpsi Pb Menggunakan Karbon Aktif dari Bambu Kuning (Bambusa Vulgaris Striata) Teraktivasi KOH

Abstrak. Karbon aktif berbahan baku bambu kuning (Bambusa vulgaris striata) dipreparasi dengan KOH aktivasi untuk menyerap Timbal (Pb). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji daya adsorpsi Pb pada karbon aktif. Proses adsorpsi dilakukan dengan mengalirkan larutan Pb melewati unggun yang berisi karbon aktif. Variasi laju alir yang diaplikasikan adalah 5 mL/menit dan 10 mL/menit. Struktur mikro karbon aktif diamati dengan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan daya adsorpsi Pb tertinggi pada laju alir 5 mL/menit, yaitu pada menit ke 100 menghasilkan konsentrasi effluent 5,82 mg/L.Adsorption of Pb using activated carbon from Yellow Bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris striata) using KOH activationAbstract. Activated carbon was prepared from Yellow bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris striata) via KOH activation to adsorb Pb ions from aqueous solutions. This research aimed to determine Pb adsorption using activated carbon. The adsorption process was performed by flowing the Pb solution through the fixed-bed column filled with the prepared activated carbon. The applied flow rate varied between 5 mL/min and 10 mL/min. The microstructure of activated carbon was observed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The obtained results showed that the highest Pb concentration at 5 mL/min was 5.82 mg/L

Adsorption of mercury(II) using activated carbon produced from Bambusa vulgaris var. striata in a fixed-bed column

Pollution by mercury dissolved in aqueous media causes a crucial problem for health and environment. In this study, activated carbon from Bambusa vulgaris var. striata was produced by chemical activation using NaOH for mercury adsorption. The effects of mercury initial concentrations namely 50 and 100 mg/L on the breakthrough characteristics of the adsorption process were defined. The mechanism of the adsorption process through the fixed-bed column was fitted to the Thomas model. The activated carbon was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The adsorption study with a continuous system and using the Thomas model showed that the highest adsorption capacity (q0) of mercury ions is 218.08 mg/g. It can be concluded that activated carbon from Bambusa vulgaris var. striata has a great potential to act as an adsorbent to remove mercury from water

PENGARUH TEMPERATUR PADA ISOLASI MIRISTISIN DARI MINYAK PALA MENGGUNAKAN ROTARY EVAPORATOR - The Effect of Temperature on Myristicin Isolation from Nutmeg Oil Using Rotary Evaporator

One of the determination factors of nutmeg oil quality is myristicin content because it gives a distinctive aroma to nutmeg oil. The purification process of nutmeg oil requires a long distillation time thus refining techniques which more efficient with quality results that meet the standards are needed. This study aimed to determine temperature effect on isolation of myristicin from nutmeg oil using a rotary evaporator. The stages of this research were carried out in two stages, namely concentration and purification stage, each using a temperature variation of 140 0C, 145 0C and 150 0C at  300 mbar pressure for 1 hour. The concentration process at a pressure of 300 mbar with a temperature variation of 150 0C for 1 hour process obtained 22.26% myristicin. The next stage of purification of nutmeg oil carried out at a pressure of 300 mbar with a temperature of 150 0C for 1 hour was able to isolate myristicin up to 53.41%. The results of gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GCMS) on nutmeg oil at a pressure of 300 mbar with a temperature of 150 0C for 1 hour process with 53.41% myristicin content had met Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 06-2388-2006 with a minimum value of 10%.Keywords: myristicin, nutmeg oil, rotary evaporatorABSTRAKSalah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas minyak pala adalah kandungan miristisin, karena memberikan aroma khas pada minyak pala. Proses pemurnian minyak pala membutuhkan waktu penyulingan yang cukup lama sehingga diperlukan teknik pemurnian yang lebih efisien dengan kualitas hasil yang memenuhi standar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh temperatur pada isolasi miristisin dari minyak pala menggunakan rotary evaporator terhadap kadar miristisin. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahap yaitu tahap pemekatan dan tahap pemurnian, masing-masing menggunakan variasi suhu 140 0C, 145 0C dan 150 0C pada tekanan 300 mbar selama 1 jam. Proses pemekatan pada tekanan 300 mbar dengan variasi suhu 150 0C selama 1 jam diperoleh miristisin sebesar 22,26%. Tahapan berikutnya yaitu pemurnian minyak pala yang dilakukan pada tekanan 300 mbar dengan temperatur 150 0C selama 1 jam mampu mengisolasi miristisin hingga 53,41%. Hasil uji gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GCMS) minyak pala pada tekanan 300 mbar dengan temperatur 150 0C selama 1 jam proses dengan kadar miristisin 53,41% telah memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 06-2388-2006 dengan nilai minimum 10%. Kata kunci: minyak pala, miristisin, rotary evaporato

Prarancangan pabrik pulp unbleached dari tandan kosong kelapa sawit (dengan kapasitas bahan baku 140.000 ton/tahun)

xi+85hlm.;29c

Modifikasi Serat Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) Menggunakan Anhidrida Propionat

Kenaf is a local crop that has great potential as a polymer composite reinforcement. However, the main weakness in strengthening composites using kenaf fiber is its hydrophilic or water-absorbing properties. To improve composite properties, surface modification of kenaf fiber is needed to enhance the structure and chemical properties of kenaf fiber. This study aims to explore the potential of chemical modification of kenaf fiber for use in composites. Chemical modification treatment of kenaf fibers was intended to improve the hydrophobicity that the compatibility between the fiber and matrix bonds are enhanced. In this study, chemical modification of kenaf fiber was performed using propionic anhydride. The modification process was done through a three-variation of retention time; 100, 200, 300 minutes at 100 °C. This research also compared the kenaf fiber properties with and without the modification process, including the analysis of the weight percent gain and surface morphological structure. The results showed that the optimal weight gain and morphological structure was at a retention time of 200 minutes

Enhanced Functional Properties of Bioplastic Films Using Lignin Nanoparticles from Oil Palm-Processing Residue

The development of bioplastic materials that are biobased and/or degradable is commonly presented as an alleviating alternative, offering sustainable and eco-friendly properties over conventional petroleum-derived plastics. However, the hydrophobicity, water barrier, and antimicrobial properties of bioplastics have hindered their utilization in packaging applications. In this study, lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) with a purification process were used in different loadings as enhancements in a Kappaphycus alvarezii matrix to reduce the hydrophilic nature and improve antibacterial properties of the matrix and compared with unpurified LNPs. The influence of the incorporation of LNPs on functional properties of bioplastic films, such as morphology, surface roughness, structure, hydrophobicity, water barrier, antimicrobial, and biodegradability, was studied and found to be remarkably enhanced. Bioplastic film containing 5% purified LNPs showed the optimum enhancement in almost all of the ultimate performances. The enhancement is related to strong interfacial interaction between the LNPs and matrix, resulting in high compatibility of films. Bioplastic films could have additional advantages and provide breakthroughs in packaging materials for a wide range of applications