Mild psychotic experiences among ethnic minority and majority adolescents and the role of ethnic density

Despite evidence of the increased risk of psychotic disorders among ethnic minority adults, little is known about the effect of ethnic minority status to mild psychotic experiences among adolescents. This study investigated mild psychotic experiences in ethnic minority and majority adolescents in a Dutch representative general population sample, and tested the ethnic density effect in the classroom.The CAPE was used to assess mild psychotic experiences among Dutch (n = 3,606) and non-Western ethnic minority pupils (n = 769).Ethnic minority adolescents showed higher levels of grandiosity and delusions than their ethnic majority peers, whereas no differences were found for hallucinations, paranormal beliefs and paranoia between both groups of adolescents. The ethnic density effect was partly confirmed for the ethnic majority: a decrease of ethnic majority pupils in class increased their feelings of paranoia.Because only some dimensions of mild psychotic experiences were affected by ethnic minority status or the interaction between ethnic minority status and ethnic class composition, our findings emphasize that mild psychotic experiences are multifactorial in origin, with different underlying processes.</p

Развитие бизнес-процессов статистического управления качеством на Юргинском машзаводе

Micro-structured and thus functionalized surfaces offer high potentials for new approaches in processing techniques and product design. However, for mass production purposes quite a few challenges regarding the manufacturing of these surfaces have to be overcome. For the fast and economic production of large quantities of structured polymer films the extrusion embossing process is suitable. For embossing microstructures there are special requirements on temperature control because of the double function of the embossing roll. On the one hand the roll is used as an embossing roll with a high surface temperature to improve the embossing accuracy. On the other hand it is used as a cooling roll with a low surface temperature. Only by using variothermal heating systems these contradictory demands on the temperature control can be met. In order to achieve a high quality of the produced micro-structured films an integrative analysis and optimization of the entire process chain is required. This includes the manufacturing of suitable embossing rolls, the development of coating systems and the adaption of the extrusion process. This paper deals with the entire process chain for functionalized, super hydrophobic plastic parts with contact angles up to 165°. Therefore, conelike surface structures, mimicking the structure of lotus leaves, are replicated. Functionalized parts are produced in the injection molding as well as in the extrusion process; however, this paper focuses on the process chain of the extrusion process

(S)-(–)-2,2′-Bis(2-methyl­allyl­­oxy)-1,1′-binaphth­yl

The chiral title compound, C28H26O2, with potential uses in the synthesis of aza­macroheterocycles, shows a locked S-configuration for the binaphthyl unit. The diolefinic building blocks were prepared as diallylic ethers of (S)-1,1‘-binaphthol. The dihedral angle between the least-squares planes of the bicyclic ring systems is 68.53 (3)°. The mol­ecule resides on a twofold axis

A Rapid and Reliable Assay for Regioselectivity Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy

The first report of a fluorescence-based assay for the direct measurement of the regioselectivity of a reaction is described herein, developed from the desire to construct a quicker analytical method for the determination of the ratio of regioisomers obtained in the tandem hydroformylation/Fischer indole synthesis. The method allows for extremely rapid acquisition times, as the use of crude reaction mixtures is allowed. The assay is also shown to be overall very reliable, tolerating the presence of various functional groups and proceeding on average with a standard error of measurement comparable to that of NMR. As fluorescence is the only requirement for the employment of this analytical method, countless numbers of target-specific assays can undoubtedly be developed based upon this initial finding

Application of variothermal heating concepts for the production of microstructured films using the extrusion embossing process

The application of the extrusion embossing process is a fast and cost-effective way to produce large-scale fi lms with structured surfaces. In principle, microscopic and macroscopic surface structures can be manufactured this way. Particularly for the fabrication of microscopic structures, the reproduction accuracy can be remarkably improved by applying variothermal heating concepts for the embossing roll. In this article, two possible heating concepts are investigated: one laser-based and another using an inductor. The generated temperature profi le along the circumference of the embossing roll is studied, taking the material of the embossing roll as well as different processing parameters into account. Both external heating systems (laser vs. inductor) are tested and compared. Furthermore, the improvement of the accuracy of the replicated microstructures is examined