EFFECT OF FINS ON VORTEX SHEDDING NOISE GENERATED FROM A CIRCULAR CYLINDER IN CROSS FLOW

ABSTRACT In the present paper, the effect of twist-serrated fins around a bare tube on the Aeolian tone was experimentally investigated. These fins were mounted spirally around a bare tube and had the same geometry as those actually used in boiler tubes. We measured the intensity of velocity fluctuation, spectrum of velocity fluctuation, coherence of Karman vortex in the spanwise direction, dynamic lift force, and sound pressure level of the aerodynamic noise generated from finned tubes with various fin pitches. An Aeolian tone induced by Karman vortex shedding was observed in the case of a finned tube, although the complicated fin was mounted around a bare tube. A decrease in the pitch of the fin effectively caused an increase in the equivalent diameter, which acted as the characteristic length of a cylinder with fins. The equivalent diameter depended on the Reynolds number. We modified a relation to calculate the characteristic diameter of the finned tube, which in turn was used to calculate the Strouhal number. The coherent scales in the spanwise direction for the cases with various fin pitches were slightly larger than that of a simple circular cylinder. It is known that the sound pressure level of the Aeolian tone depends on the coherent scale of the Karman vortex in the spanwise direction. However, when the pitch of the fins decreased, the peak level of the sound pressure spectrum decreased. A correlation analysis between the flow field and Aeolian tone was carried out

Non-drug and surgical treatment algorithm and recommendations for the 2020 update of the Japan College of Rheumatology clinical practice guidelines for the management of rheumatoid arthritis—secondary publication

[Objectives] The aim of this study was to update the Japan College of Rheumatology (JCR) clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and prepare an algorithm for non-drug and surgical treatments. This article is a digest version of the guidelines. [Methods] The Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare’s research group, in collaboration with the JCR, used the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation method to update the 2014 JCR CPG for RA. The consensus was formed by CPG panel members. [Results] We raised 19 clinical questions regarding non-drug and surgical treatments for RA and developed recommendations. The treatments included exercise therapy; occupational therapy; joint injection of corticosteroids; and orthopaedic surgeries including cervical spine surgery, wrist and foot arthroplasty, ankle arthrodesis, and replacement arthroplasty of the shoulder, elbow, finger, hip, knee, and ankle. Recommendations regarding the risks of surgery and perioperative discontinuation of medications have also been developed. Based on these recommendations, we created an original algorithm for the non-drug and surgical treatment of RA. [Conclusions] These recommendations are expected to serve rheumatologists, health care professionals, and patients with RA as tools for shared decision-making to treat residual limb joint symptoms and functional impairment

Research and Design of a Routing Protocol in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks

无线传感器网络，作为全球未来十大技术之一，集成了传感器技术、嵌入式计算技术、分布式信息处理和自组织网技术，可实时感知、采集、处理、传输网络分布区域内的各种信息数据，在军事国防、生物医疗、环境监测、抢险救灾、防恐反恐、危险区域远程控制等领域具有十分广阔的应用前景。 本文研究分析了无线传感器网络的已有路由协议，并针对大规模的无线传感器网络设计了一种树状路由协议，它根据节点地址信息来形成路由，从而简化了复杂繁冗的路由表查找和维护，节省了不必要的开销，提高了路由效率，实现了快速有效的数据传输。 为支持此路由协议本文提出了一种自适应动态地址分配算——ADAR（AdaptiveDynamicAddre...As one of the ten high technologies in the future, wireless sensor network, which is the integration of micro-sensors, embedded computing, modern network and Ad Hoc technologies, can apperceive, collect, process and transmit various information data within the region. It can be used in military defense, biomedical, environmental monitoring, disaster relief, counter-terrorism, remote control of haz...学位：工学硕士院系专业：信息科学与技术学院通信工程系_通信与信息系统学号：2332007115216

Efficacy and safety of once‐weekly semaglutide in Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes in the SUSTAIN 1, 2, 5 and 9 trials: Post‐hoc analysis

Abstract Aims/Introduction The etiology and treatment of type 2 diabetes might differ between specific populations. This post‐hoc exploratory analysis assessed the efficacy and safety of once‐weekly subcutaneous semaglutide vs comparators in Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes in comparison with the total population from four phase III studies in the Trial to Evaluate Cardiovascular and Other Long‐term Outcomes with Semaglutide in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes (SUSTAIN) program. Materials and Methods This analysis was carried out with data from the SUSTAIN 1, 2, 5 and 9 trials. Post‐hoc analyses were carried out to assess outcomes in all participants and in Japanese participants in each study. The primary end‐point was the change from baseline to end of study in glycated hemoglobin (%). The confirmatory secondary end‐point was change from baseline to end of study in bodyweight (kg). Results Change from baseline to end of study in glycated hemoglobin with once‐weekly semaglutide ranged from −1.32 to −1.85% points in the overall populations, and −1.69 to −2.49% points in Japanese participants. With once‐weekly semaglutide, relative bodyweight was reduced from baseline to end of study by 4.0–7.3% in the overall populations, and 2.7–10.4% in Japanese participants. In the Japanese subpopulation, no new safety concerns were identified with once‐weekly semaglutide, and there were no adverse events leading to death or severe hypoglycemic episodes. Conclusions In this post‐hoc analysis, participants with type 2 diabetes initiating once‐weekly semaglutide experienced improvements in glycated hemoglobin and bodyweight in both the overall and Japanese population, and no new safety concerns were identified among Japanese participants, supporting the efficacy of once‐weekly semaglutide in this population