220 research outputs found

    Geometry of logarithmic strain measures in solid mechanics

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    We consider the two logarithmic strain measuresωiso=devnlogU=devnlogFTF and ωvol=tr(logU)=tr(logFTF),\omega_{\rm iso}=\|\mathrm{dev}_n\log U\|=\|\mathrm{dev}_n\log \sqrt{F^TF}\|\quad\text{ and }\quad \omega_{\rm vol}=|\mathrm{tr}(\log U)|=|\mathrm{tr}(\log\sqrt{F^TF})|\,,which are isotropic invariants of the Hencky strain tensor logU\log U, and show that they can be uniquely characterized by purely geometric methods based on the geodesic distance on the general linear group GL(n)\mathrm{GL}(n). Here, FF is the deformation gradient, U=FTFU=\sqrt{F^TF} is the right Biot-stretch tensor, log\log denotes the principal matrix logarithm, .\|.\| is the Frobenius matrix norm, tr\mathrm{tr} is the trace operator and devnX\mathrm{dev}_n X is the nn-dimensional deviator of XRn×nX\in\mathbb{R}^{n\times n}. This characterization identifies the Hencky (or true) strain tensor as the natural nonlinear extension of the linear (infinitesimal) strain tensor ε=symu\varepsilon=\mathrm{sym}\nabla u, which is the symmetric part of the displacement gradient u\nabla u, and reveals a close geometric relation between the classical quadratic isotropic energy potential μdevnsymu2+κ2[tr(symu)]2=μdevnε2+κ2[tr(ε)]2\mu\,\|\mathrm{dev}_n\mathrm{sym}\nabla u\|^2+\frac{\kappa}{2}\,[\mathrm{tr}(\mathrm{sym}\nabla u)]^2=\mu\,\|\mathrm{dev}_n\varepsilon\|^2+\frac{\kappa}{2}\,[\mathrm{tr}(\varepsilon)]^2in linear elasticity and the geometrically nonlinear quadratic isotropic Hencky energyμdevnlogU2+κ2[tr(logU)]2=μωiso2+κ2ωvol2,\mu\,\|\mathrm{dev}_n\log U\|^2+\frac{\kappa}{2}\,[\mathrm{tr}(\log U)]^2=\mu\,\omega_{\rm iso}^2+\frac\kappa2\,\omega_{\rm vol}^2\,,where μ\mu is the shear modulus and κ\kappa denotes the bulk modulus. Our deduction involves a new fundamental logarithmic minimization property of the orthogonal polar factor RR, where F=RUF=R\,U is the polar decomposition of FF. We also contrast our approach with prior attempts to establish the logarithmic Hencky strain tensor directly as the preferred strain tensor in nonlinear isotropic elasticity

    A Riemannian approach to strain measures in nonlinear elasticity

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    The isotropic Hencky strain energy appears naturally as a distance measure of the deformation gradient to the set SO(n) of rigid rotations in the canonical left-invariant Riemannian metric on the general linear group GL(n). Objectivity requires the Riemannian metric to be left-GL(n)-invariant, isotropy requires the Riemannian metric to be right-O(n)-invariant. The latter two conditions are satisfied for a three-parameter family of Riemannian metrics on the tangent space of GL(n). Surprisingly, the final result is basically independent of the chosen parameters. In deriving the result, geodesics on GL(n) have to be parametrized and a novel minimization problem, involving the matrix logarithm for non-symmetric arguments, has to be solved

    Studi Fenomenologi Pengalaman Komunikasi Organisasi Mahasiswa yang Kuliah Sambil Bekerja

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    Industri kreatif telah menjadi salah satu sektor yang semakin berkembang pesat dalam perekonomian global. Secara umum, industri kreatif mencakup berbagai bidang seperti seni, desain, media, teknologi informasi, periklanan, film, musik, penerbitan, dan sebagainya. Di tengah pertumbuhan industri ini, banyak mahasiswa jurusan komunikasi yang tertarik untuk berpartisipasi dalam program magang di berbagai perusahaan dan organisasi yang bergerak di sektor industri kreatif. Melalui penelitian ini, peneliti ingin mengetahui pengalaman mahasiswa komunikasi yang magang di industri kreatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, metode penelitian fenomenologi, dan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara dengan 4 orang mahasiswa komunikasi yang sedang menjalani proses kerja magang di industri kreatif. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa meskipun merasa adanya ketidaksesuaian antara gaji yang diterima dengan effort yang dikeluarkan selama kerja magang, para mahasiswa tetap merasa bahwa mereka perlu memenuhi tanggung jawab mereka karena magang merupakan salah satu syarat kelulusan yang harus dipenuhi. Selain itu, lingkungan dan perlakuan karyawan setempat mempengaruhi proses komunikasi di lingkungan kerja. Ditemukan juga sebuah pemaknaan unik salah seorang partisipan yang mengatakan bahwa ada perusahaan yang menyamaratakan beban kerja serta kedudukan karyawan magang dengan karyawan tetap
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