Identification of native fish in Hamedan province (Gamaciyab)

This study was carried out from 2001 to 2002 in Gamasyab River of Hamadan province of Iran in order to identification of indigenous species of this water resource. The main objective of this study was to fish identification for scientific purposes, geographical distribution pattern, preparation atlas of the fishes, introduction of commercial species and awareness on ecological situation of their natural habitats. Also providing necessary information for conservation and sustainable use of these valuable stocks and minimizing environmental impacts of unsecured utilization. Sampling were carried out by selecting 15 sampling stations through the river and fishing by electro fisher and cast net. Identification accomplished by valid identification keys in species level. Photography and slides provides and 10 pieces of each species tagged by unique codes for preservation in national museum. 50 morphometric and meristic characteristics studied for scientific identification.. Indigenous fishes belong to 14 species, 10 genus, 3 family and 2 order. Indeed 2 exotic species belong to Cyprinidae and Salmonidae families recognized. From these indigenous species, 11 belong to Cyprinidae family and only one species belong to Sisoridae family

Wound healing with alginate/chitosan hydrogel containing hesperidin in rat model

Skin damages have always been considered as one of the most common physical injuries. Therefore, many researches have been conducted to find an efficient method for wound healing. Since hydrogels have suitable characteristics, they are widely used for this purpose. In this study, based on the high efficiency of alginate and chitosan hydrogels in the wound healing, different concentrations of hesperidin were loaded to alginate and chitosan hydrogels followed by evaluating their morphology, swelling properties, release, weight loss, hemo- and cytocompatibility, antibacterial and toxicity properties. Finally, the therapeutic function of the prepared hydrogels was evaluated in the full-thickness dermal wound in a rat model. Our results indicated that the hydrogels have appropriate porosity (91.2 ± 5.33) with the interconnected pores. Biodegradability of the prepared hydrogel was confirmed with weight loss assessment (almost 80 after 14 days). Moreover, the time-kill assay showed the antibacterial properties of hydrogels, and MTT assay revealed the positive effect of hydrogels on cell proliferation, and they have no toxicity effect on cells. Also, the in vivo results indicated that the prepared hydrogels had better wound closure than the gauze-treated wound (the control group), and the highest wound closure percentage was observed for the alginate/chitosan/10 hesperidin group. All in all, this study shows that alginate/chitosan hydrogels loaded with 10 of hesperidin can be used to treat skin injuries in humans. © 2019 Elsevier B.V

Hesperidin promotes peripheral nerve regeneration based on tissue engineering strategy using alginate/chitosan hydrogel: in vitro and in vivo study

About 2.8 of trauma patients suffer from peripheral nerve injury and it becomes a serious challenge in the world. Therefore, various methods and materials have been used for regenerating peripheral nerve damages. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of different dosages of Hesperidin on peripheral nerve regeneration. For this purpose, different concentration (0.1, 1, and 10 (w/v)) of Hesperidin was loaded into cross-linked alginate/chitosan hydrogel and its characters such as morphology, swelling properties, weight loss, hemo-, and cytocompatibility were evaluated. For functional analysis, the fabricated hydrogels without and with different amounts of hesperidin were administrated after creating sciatic nerve injury in a rat model, and the various experiments like walking-foot-print analysis, Hot plate latency test, gastrocnemius muscle wet weight loss, and histopathological examination were used. Our results indicated that prepared hydrogels contained the porosity of 90, with the interconnected pores. Biodegradability of fabricated hydrogels was confirmed with weight loss assessment and the weight loss percentage was about 80 after 14 days. Moreover, hydrogels had good blood compatibility and antibacterial properties. The MTT assay indicated that the developed hydrogels do not have toxicity effect and they have ability to increase the proliferation rate of Olfactory Ecto-mesenchymal stem cells (OE-MSCs). The results of in vivo study showed that hesperidin specially the group contained 1 of hesperidin improve sciatic nerve regeneration and hesperidin could be considered as a potential material for peripheral nerve regeneration. © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

Alginate/chitosan hydrogel containing olfactory ectomesenchymal stem cells for sciatic nerve tissue engineering

Regeneration and functional recovery after peripheral nerve damage still remain a significant clinical problem. In this study, alginate/chitosan (alg/chit) hydrogel was used for the transplantation of olfactory ectomesenchymal stem cells (OE-MSCs) to promote peripheral nerve regeneration. The OE-MSCs were isolated from olfactory mucosa biopsies and evaluated by different cell surface markers and differentiation capacity. After creating sciatic nerve injury in a rat model, OE-MSCs were transplanted to the injured area with alg/chit hydrogel which was prepared and well-characterized. The prepared hydrogel had the porosity of 91.3 ± 1.27, the swelling ratio of 379 after 240 min, weight loss percentages of 80 ± 5.56 after 14 days, and good blood compatibility. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, 4�,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, and LIVE/DEAD staining were done to assay the behavior of OE-MSCs on alg/chit hydrogel and the results confirmed that the hydrogel can provide a suitable substrate for cell survival. For functional analysis, alg/chit hydrogel with and without OE- MSCs was injected into a 3-mm sciatic nerve defect of Wistar rats. The results of the sciatic functional index, hot plate latency, electrophysiological assessment, weight-loss percentage of wet gastrocnemius muscle, and histopathological examination using hematoxylin�eosin and Luxol fast blue staining showed that utilizing alg/chit hydrogel with OE-MSCs to the sciatic nerve defect enhance regeneration compared to the control group and hydrogel without cells. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc

Drug use among Iranian population: results of a national household survey

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of drug use among Iranian general households. Methods: A cross-sectional household survey was conducted in a sample of 61,000 individuals between 15 and 64 years in 2017 urban areas and 623 rural areas of 31 provinces of Iran from February to November 2015. Multistage cluster random sampling method was used to draw the sample. Data were collected using a self-administered data collection form, which elicited demographic data, and data related to report of any kind of drug use or illicit use of pharmaceuticals in the past week, past month, past year, and ever life. Different measures were taken to ensure the accuracy of the study results. Results: The study showed that 8.5 of the population reported ever use of any drugs, and 4.3 reported past-week use of any drugs. Conclusions: This study showed that the drug use prevalence in Iran was more than twice the previous estimations. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

Extracellular micro/nanovesicles rescue kidney from ischemia-reperfusion injury

Acute renal failure (ARF) is a clinical challenge that is highly resistant to treatment, and its high rate of mortality is alarming. Ischemia�reperfusion injury (IRI) is the most common cause of ARF. Especially IRI is implicated in kidney transplantation and can determine graft survival. Although the exact pathophysiology of renal IRI is unknown, the role of inflammatory responses has been elucidated. Because mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have strong immunomodulatory properties, they are under extensive investigation as a therapeutic modality for renal IRI. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an integral role in cell-to-cell communication. Because the regenerative potential of the MSCs can be recapitulated by their EVs, the therapeutic appeal of MSC-derived EVs has dramatically increased in the past decade. Higher safety profile and ease of preservation without losing function are other advantages of EVs compared with their producing cells. In the current review, the preliminary results and potential of MSC-derived EVs to alleviate kidney IRI are summarized. We might be heading toward a cell-free approach to treat renal IRI. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc