Inhibitors of the ATP/ADP antiporter suppress stimulation of mitochondrial respiration and H+ permeability by palmitate and anionic detergents

AbstractThe action of ATP/ADP-antiporter inhibitors upon the uncoupling effect of palmitate, detergents and ‘classical’ uncouplers has been studied. The uncoupling effect was estimated by stimulation of succinate oxidation and of H+ permeability of rat liver mitochondria in the presence of oligomycin. It is shown that carboxyatractylate (CAtr) and pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP) suppress the uncoupling induced by palmitate and the anionic detergents SDS and cholate, but do not affect that induced by the cationic detergents CTAB, by the non-ionic detergent Triton X-100, as well as by the ‘classical’ uncouplers FCCP and DNP. The results are discussed in terms of a concept assuming that the ATP/ADP-antiporter facilitates the electrophoretic export of hydrophobic anions from mitochondria

Some features of cultivating different Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop. forms in vitro

Received: June 9th, 2021 ; Accepted: November 8th, 2021 ; Published: November 15th, 2021 ; Correspondence: [email protected] angustifolium (L.) Scop. characterized by a wide range of economically useful properties. White-flowered form of Ch. angustifolium (L.) Scop. Is extremely rare in nature. At the same time, it is promising as a source of biologically active substances and as a highly decorative plant. The optimal way to reproduce this form is clonal micropropagation. Methods for obtaining Ch. angustifolium in vitro were developed, as well as the optimal selection timing of starting material for micropropagation was determined. In addition, the effect of a mineral composition of nutrient medium and plant growth regulators on the regeneration of microshoots was studied. The highest values of morphometric parameters were achieved on MS medium (Murashige & Skoog, 1962) supplemented with 0.5 mg L-1 BAP. The multiplication factor of the lilac–flowered form was 8.4 ± 0.2, of the white-flowered form - 9.2 ± 0.6. Comparative analysis of morphometric parameters during cultivation of Ch. angustifolium showed no significant difference between the lilac-flowered and white-flowered forms. The effect of antioxidants on the growth and development of regenerants has been shown. The most optimal nutrient medium for clonal micropropagation of the lilac-flowered form was MS medium (Murashige & Skoog, 1962) containing 0.5 mg L-1 of BAP, 50 mg L-1 of ascorbic acid and 50 mg L-1 of citric acids and for micropropagation of the white–flowered form it was the medium, containing 100 mg L-1 PVP

Nucleosomes in gene regulation: theoretical approaches

This work reviews current theoretical approaches of biophysics and bioinformatics for the description of nucleosome arrangements in chromatin and transcription factor binding to nucleosomal organized DNA. The role of nucleosomes in gene regulation is discussed from molecular-mechanistic and biological point of view. In addition to classical problems of this field, actual questions of epigenetic regulation are discussed. The authors selected for discussion what seem to be the most interesting concepts and hypotheses. Mathematical approaches are described in a simplified language to attract attention to the most important directions of this field

Development of foreign tax systems in 1991-1995 and tax reform in Russia. / Working Paper # WP/96/007

Abstract: Дается сравнительный анализ и выявляются тенденции развития налоговых систем России, 19 стран Европы, США, Гонконга и Сингапура в 1991-1995 гг.: правил оценки налоговой базы, налоговых ставок, статистики налоговых поступлений. Для оценки тяжести налогового бремени вводится показатель полной ставки налогообложения добавленной стоимости и описывается статическая модель для его оценки. Сравнение полных ставок налогообложения и тенденций их изменения в 1991-1995 гг. в анализируемых странах показало, что в России налоговое бремя на 10-15 пунктов выше, чем за рубежом. В заключении сформулированы некоторые предложения по совершенстованию российской налоговой системы. Работа выполнена при поддержке Российского Гуманитарного Научного Фонда (проект № 96-02-02157). Copyright © ЦЭМИ 1999 г. 117418, Москва, Нахимовский пр, 47 тел: (495) 129-10-11, факс: (495) 718-96-15Note: (English

Cyclosporin A suppression of uncoupling in liver mitochondria of ground squirrel during arousal from hibernation

AbstractEnergy coupling parameters were studied in liver mitochondria of ground squirrel during arousal from hibernation. It was found that such mitochondria become uncoupled during incubation with phosphate in a salt medium. The uncoupling was revealed by respiration rate increase and membrane potential decrease in the presence of oligomycin. Both effects were reversed by addition of cyclosporin A. Under the same in vitro conditions, mitochondria from aroused (active) animals showed no uncoupling but could be uncoupled by addition of palmitate in the cyclosporin A-sensitive fashion. It is proposed that formation of cyclosporin A-sensitive pores can be involved in urgent heat production in arousing hibernators

Design as method of dynamic researches

В статье рассмотрена структура моделирования, методы эмпирического исследования, учтена возможность использования вычислительных машин при моделировании. Анализируются возможности имитационного моделирования при исследовании осветительных установок. Сформулированы цели моделирования при исследованиях динамических систем. Предполагается возможность эффективного использования моделирования при формировании профессиональных знаний.У статті розглянута структура моделювання, методи емпіричного дослідження, врахована можливість використання обчислювальних машин при моделюванні. аналізуються можливості імітаційного моделювання при дослідженні освітлювальних установок. Сформульовано мети моделювання при дослідженнях динамічних систем. Передбачається можливість ефективного використання моделювання при формуванні професійних знань.The structure of design, methods of empiric research, is considered in the article, possibility of the use of calculable machines at the design is taken into account. possibilities of imitation design at research of lighting options are analysed. The aims of design at researches of the dynamic systems are formulated. Possibility of the effective use of design at forming of professional knowledges is assumed

Education and information technology: Blended learning and inquiry-based learning innovative solutions

The purpose of the article is to justify the use of information technologies in the innovative educational process of training future professionals. The article analyzes the current needs and trends in the field of professional training. The changes taking place in modern education are reflected. Particular attention is paid to the features of the use of information technologies in the educational process and the introduction of modern pedagogical technologies. Relevant innovative pedagogical technologies and their features are determined, in particular, blended learning and inquiry-based learning are considered in detail. The article presents the results of the study on the demand for the use of information technologies in the educational process. © 2020, Institute of Advanced Scientific Research, Inc.. All rights reserved