خصوصیات اپیدمیولوژیک فوت شدگان ناشی از سوانح ترافیکی موتورسواری شهر دزفول در سال 1399

Background and Objectives: Although there are no exact statistics on the number of motorcycles in Iran, apparently due to the danger and increasing use of motorcycles, the incidence of motorcycle-related traffic accidents in Iran is rapidly increasing. Therefore, the present study aims to determine the epidemiological status of accidents leading to death in motorcyclists in Dezful, Iran. Materials and Methods: The present study was a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study that was conducted in 2021. The statistical population included the deaths due to motorcycle traffic accidents, whose burial certificates were issued by the office of legal medicine in Dezful. The samples were selected as a census from legal medicine statistics during the years 2015-2018. The data were confidentially entered into a researcher-made checklist without mentioning the name of the deceased and then analyzed using SPSS 24. Results: The highest number of victims was under 30 years old and the lowest number was 40-50. The cause of death was due to head injuries (63.8 percent), multiple trauma (26.2 percent), bleeding (5.7 percent), and other reasons (4.3 percent). Most of the deaths were related to men and due to traffic accidents that occurred in September, October, and November months. Also, 50.4 percent of the accidents occurred in the city and 49.6 percent on suburban roads. Conclusion: Most of the traffic accidents among motorcyclists are related to the youth age group. Therefore, it is imperative to pay attention to this group in order to reduce casualties. Therefore, appropriate traffic culture should be promoted and measures should be taken to reduce the occurrence of accidents by strictly enacting and enforcing the laws. How to cite this article: Eghtedari MA, Mazaheri M, Grami A, Shoush A. Epidemiologic characteristics of traffic injury mortality among motorcycle users in Dezful in 2020.  Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2022;10(2): 116-23.سابقه و هدف: اگرچه آمار دقیقی از تعداد موتورسیکلت در سطح کشور وجود ندارد، اما ظاهراً به علت ماهیت غیر ایمن و افزایش روزافزون استفاده از آن، بروز سوانح ترافیکی مرتبط با موتورسیکلت در کشور به‌سرعت رو به افزایش باشد، لذا مطالعه حاضر باهدف تعیین وضعیت اپیدمیولوژیک حوادث ترافیکی منجر به مرگ در موتورسواران شهر دزفول انجام شد. روش بررسی: پژوهش حاضر از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی و مقطعی بود که در سال ۱۳۹۹ انجام شد. جامعه آماری شامل فوت‌شدگان ناشی از حوادث ترافیکی با موتورسیکلت بودند که گواهی دفن آن‌ها توسط پزشکی قانونی شهرستان دزفول صادرشده بود. نمونه‌های موردبررسی به‌صورت سرشماری از آمار پزشکی قانونی و طی سال‌های ۱۳۹۷-۱۳۹۴ انتخاب شدند. داده‌ها به‌صورت محرمانه در چک‌لیستی محقق ساخته بدون ذکر نام متوفی وارد شد و سپس با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS ویرایش ۲۴ تجزیه‌وتحلیل شدند. نتایج: بیشترین قربانیان را افراد زیر ۳۰ سال و کمترین افراد را ۵۰-۴۰ ساله‌ها تشکیل می‌دادند. علت مرگ در 63.8 درصد موارد ضربه به سر، 26.2 درصد مولتیپل تروما، 5.7 درصد خونریزی و 4.3 درصد سایر علل بود. بیشتر فوتی‌ها مربوط به مردان و ناشی از سوانح ترافیکی مربوط به شهریور، مهر و آبان بود. همچنین 50.4 درصد حوادث در شهر و 49.6 درصد حوادث در جاده‌های برون‌شهری اتفاق افتاده بود. نتیجه‌گیری: اکثر حوادث ترافیکی در موتورسواران مربوط به گروه سنی جوانان می‌باشد، بنابراین توجه به این گروه در جهت کاهش تلفات اهمیت زیادی دارد. لذا بایستی فرهنگ‌سازی مناسب صورت پذیرد و با وضع و اجرای سخت‌گیرانه قوانین، اقداماتی جهت کاهش رخداد سوانح انجام شود. How to cite this article: Eghtedari MA, Mazaheri M, Grami A, Shoush A. Epidemiologic characteristics of traffic injury mortality among motorcycle users in Dezful in 2020.  Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2022;10(2): 116-23

Bart syndrome: A case report of neonatal disorder

Key Clinical Message Bart Syndrome, characterized by congenital skin absence, blistering, and nail abnormalities, presents complex neonatal challenges. This rare condition demands a multidisciplinary approach for accurate diagnosis and comprehensive care

The expression changes of PD-L1 and immune response mediators are related to the severity of primary bone tumors

Abstract The expression pattern, diagnostic value, and association of PD-L1, IFN-γ and TGF-β with bone tumor type, severity, and relapse are determined in this study. 300 human samples from patients with osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and GCT were enrolled. The PD-L1 gene and protein expression were assessed by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. ELISA and flow cytometry was used to detect cytokines and CD4/CD8 T cell percentages, respectively. A considerable increase in PD-L1 level was detected in bone tumor tissues at both gene and protein levels that was considerable in osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. A positive correlation was detected regarding the PD-L1 and tumor metastasis and recurrence in osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. The increased IFN-γ level was detected in patients with metastatic, and recurrent osteosarcoma tumors that were in accordance with the level of TGF-β in these samples. The simultaneous elevation of IFN-γ and TGF-β was detected in Ewing sarcoma and GCT, also the CD4 + /CD8 + ratio was decreased significantly in patients with osteosarcoma compared to GCT tumors. The elevated levels of PD-L1, TGF- β, and IFN-γ were associated with bone tumor severity that can provide insights into the possible role of this axis in promoting immune system escape, suppression, and tumor invasion