21 research outputs found

    The Relationship Between Iron Deficiency Anemia and Reflux-Related Renal Injury in Infant and Children

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    Introduction: Anemia may be defined either quantitatively or physiologically. The diagnosis of anemia is determined by comparison of the patient's hemoglobin level with age-specific and sex-specific normal values. The easiest quantitative definition of anemia is any hemoglobin or hematocrit value that is 2 standard deviations (SDs) (95% confidence limits) below the mean for age and gender. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between anemia and reflux nephropathy in patients with vesicoureteral reflux.  Material and Methods: This case-control study involved 260 children aged from 6 months to 2 years. They were divided into two groups of 130 children: the case group suffering from VUR with reflux nephropathy and the control group affected with VUR without reflux nephropathy .Results: Results of our study showed that the prevalence of anemia in the Reflux Nephropathy group was not considerably different than that of the control group.Conclusions: We concluded that there isn’t a direct correlation between anemia and reflux nephropathy in patients with vesicoureteral reflux.Keywords: Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux; Chil

    The Mean Platelet Volume in children with Pyelonephritis

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    Introduction: The mean platelet volume (MPV) is a determinant of inflammation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the MPV levels in children with pyelonephritis and to evaluate the possible relationship between MPV and febrile UTI.Materials and Methods: In this prospective observational study, 82 patients with Pyelonephritis (group A) and 82 patients with viral gastroenteritis (group B) were enrolled from 20 Jun 2013 through 15 Jan 2014. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of pyelonephritis and viral gastroenteritis. The pyelonephritis group (A) included 82 patients and the acute gastroenteritis group (B) included 82 patients. Complete blood count (CBC) parameters were measured at admission. Routine biochemical tests were performed. Groups were compared according to different parameters.Results: A total of 164 patients were included from inpatients of Amir-Kabir Hospital. The mean platelet volume was lower in group (A) and it was associated with acute pyelonephritis (P =0 .003). The MPV (6.03 ± 0.26 fl vs. 9.06 ± 0.73 fl) was significantly lower in group (A), the platelet count (219.88-± 52.31vs. 184.09 ± 52.21) was significantly higher in group (A), and the WBC count (13.01± 3.43 vs. 8.30 ± 1.13) was significantly higher in group (A).Conclusions: MPV levels were significantly lower in children with pyelonephritis compared with controls. MPV can be used as a negative acute phase reactant in children with febrile UTI.Keywords: Child; Pyelonephritis; Mean Platelet Volume; Urinary tract infection

    Mean Platelet Volume: A Useful Marker in Reflux Nephropathy

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    Introduction: The inflammatory reaction caused by a pyelonephritis infection can result in renal injury or scarring, which is also termed reflux-related renal injury or reflux nephropathy. The importance of platelet changes is emphasized in some chronic diseases. In this study, the changes of mean platelet volume (MPV) and mean platelet count (MPC) were investigated in children with reflux nephropathy.Materials and Methods:  In this case-control study, 107 females with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) (grade 1 to 3) and reflux nephropathy and 107 females with VUR (grade 1 to 3) without reflux nephropathy were included. Demographics characteristics of the patients were recorded and laboratory parameters in the active phases of first pyelonephritis were evaluated.Results: MPC was higher in patients with reflux nephropathy than non-reflux nephropathy patients and MPV was lower in the patients with reflux nephropathy than patients without reflux nephropathy.Conclusions: MPV can be used as an indicator in diagnosis of reflux nephropathy in patients with VUR. Keywords: Mean Platelet Volume; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux; Child

    Mean Platelet Volume as a Predictive Marker for Poor Prognosis of Acute Renal Failure in children

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    Introduction: Acute renal failure (ARF) is a clinical syndrome in which a sudden deterioration in renal function results in the inability of the kidneys to maintain fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. A classification system has been proposed to standardize the definition of acute kidney injury in adults. These criteria of risk, injury, failure, loss and end-stage renal disease were given the acronym of RIFLE. Our goal was to study the mean platelet volume (MPV) as a prognostic predictor of ARF in children. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a machine-calculated measurement of the average size of platelets in blood and typically included in blood tests as part of CBC (Complete Blood Count). Since the average platelet size is larger when the body is producing increased numbers of platelets, MPV can be used to make inferences about platelet production in bone marrow or platelet destruction problems.Material and Methods: The records of 200 patients with ARF were investigated prospectively. Complete blood count including MPV, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum C-reactive protein and electrolytes of patients were measured and compared.Results: MPV values were low in loss (p=0.0012) and failure (p<0.005). The sensitivity and specificity of MPV for the diagnosis of loss and failure were higher than those of the other inflammation markers. MPV<8.2 fL was significantly associated with poor prognosis in renal functions.Conclusions: MPV is a fast and reliable measurement with considerable predictive value for prediction of prognosis in acute renal failure.Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury; Mean Platelet Volume; Blood Platelets; Acute Kidney Injury; Prognosis

    The effects of curcumin on hepatic T2*MRI and liver enzymes in patients with β‐thalassemia major: a double‐blind randomized controlled clinical trial

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    Background: Curcumin present in turmeric has been considered due to its cancer-preventive features, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial with a reasonable sample size and longer intervention period was conducted to investigate how oral curcumin affected cardiac and hepatic T2*MRI and liver enzymes in patients with β‐thalassemia major.Method: This clinical trial study was conducted on 171 patients over 5 years old. The subjects were randomly divided into a curcumin-treatment group and a placebo group to receive either curcumin capsules twice daily or placebo for 6 months. Patients were examined once a month for 6 months to receive capsules and measure the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), direct and total bilirubin, ferritin and cardiac and hepatic T2*MRI.Result: There was a significant decrease in levels of AST, ALT, ALP, and bilirubin (direct and total) in the curcumin group compared with the placebo group by the end of the study (p < 0.05). The levels of serum ferritin remained unchanged in both groups at the end of the follow‐up period (p > 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the curcumin and placebo groups at baseline values or at the end of the study of cardiac and hepatic T2*MRI and serum magnesium.Conclusion: Administration of curcumin has some beneficial effects on liver function by reducing liver enzymes in patients with beta-thalassemia major

    Cardiac and renal malformations in a patient with sepsis and severe congenital neutropenia

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    Background: G6PC3 deficiency is a new neutropenic syndrome, which is characterized by severe persistent neutropenic, early onset infections and additional organ involvement, especially cardiac and urogenital malformations. Case Presentation: In this report, we present the clinical details of a recently known case of severe congenital neutropenic (SCN) with G6PC3 mutation, who experienced the first episode of infections at birth. Repeated absolute neutrophil count of less than 500/μl was detected during work-up of sepsis in the first month of life. SCN was diagnosed and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) administration initiated. Bone marrow examination revealed maturation arrest in myeloid series at promyelocyte-myelocyte stage. Diarrhea, bronchiolitis, and urinary tract infection were other infectious complications, while hydronephrosis, atrial septal defect, and patent ductus arteriosus were other manifestations. Conclusion: Prompt and accurate diagnosis of neutropenic patients and appropriate treatment can prevent further complications and improve the quality of life of the affected patients

    Correlation between QRS Complex Changes and Cardiac Iron Overload in Beta Thalassemia Major Patients Using T2*MRI

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    Background and purpose: Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a costly method to assess cardiac iron overload. The presence of fragmented QRS (fQRS) indicates changes due to iron overload in cardiac tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between fQRS and cardiac iron overload using cardiac MRI in patients with β-thalassemia major (β-TM). Materials and methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 40 β-TM patients admitted to Arak Amir-Kabir Hospital, Iran 2018-2019. Cardiac T2* MRI was performed and values of less than 20 ms were considered as cardiac iron overload. The patients were divided into two groups (20 ms). The presence of fQRS was assessed on 12-lead surface electrocardiogram (ECG) and compared between two groups. Results: There was a positive correlation between T2*MRI and serum ferritin (r= 0.041, P=0.657) and hemoglobin levels (r=0.057, P=0.540). The mean T2*MRI in patients with fQRS (18.43±7.24) was significantly lower than patients without fQRS (26.47±6.15) (P=0.001). We found a negative correlation between T2*MRI and fQRS (r= -0.048, P=0.001). Conclusion: The presence of fQRS on ECGs could be a good predictor of cardiac iron overload in β-TM patients. It is believed that fQRS can indicate this change in electrocardiography and shows the need for more accurate monitoring for cardiac overload and aggressive chelation therapy
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