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    Early discharge with hospital at home evaluation for patients after major colorectal surgery

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    RESUMEN : Introducci贸n: Los cambios recientes llevados a cabo en el manejo perioperatorio de la cirug铆a colorrectal mediante la introducci贸n de los programas ERAS han disminuido las estancias hospitalarias. La implementaci贸n de estos programas es un proceso complejo y requiere de la participaci贸n de un equipo multidisciplinar. Junto a los programas ERAS, la hospitalizaci贸n con atenci贸n domiciliaria (HAD) se trata de un modelo seguro que favorece el alta temprana de los pacientes. Objetivos: Disminuir de forma segura la estancia intrahospitalaria de los pacientes sometidos a cirug铆a mayor colorrectal incorporando al protocolo de recuperaci贸n temprana postoperatoria un programa de hospitalizaci贸n a domicilio. M茅todos: Se realiza un estudio retrospectivo con pacientes intervenidos mediante cirug铆a colorrectal en el Hospital Universitario Marqu茅s de Valdecilla (HUMV) entre mayo de 2014 y marzo de 2015. Los pacientes fueron divididos en dos grupos: Un grupo continu贸 la hospitalizaci贸n convencional mientras que los pacientes del otro grupo se incluyeron en el programa de HAD. Los pacientes que al tercer d铆a de la intervenci贸n quir煤rgica cumpl铆an criterios quir煤rgicos y de HAD se incluyeron en el programa de HAD y se les realizaron controles y seguimiento diario para detectar posibles complicaciones. Resultados: 105 pacientes fueron incluidos en el estudio. 33 pacientes (31,43%) formaron parte del grupo de HAD y 72 pacientes (68,57%) continuaron la hospitalizaci贸n tradicional. La edad media fue de 65.37 a帽os y la hemicolectom铆a derecha fue el procedimiento m谩s frecuente (36,19%). El 59,05% de los pacientes eran hombres. El 6,06% de los pacientes del grupo de HAD reingres贸 a los 30 d铆as de la intervenci贸n quir煤rgica, y en el grupo de hospitalizaci贸n convencional reingres贸 el 3,89%. La estancia media postoperatoria de los pacientes del programa HAD fue de 3,24 d铆as frente a los 7,65 d铆as de media del grupo de hospitalizaci贸n convencional. En el grupo de HAD se registraron complicaciones en el 30,30% de los casos mientras que en el grupo de hospitalizaci贸n convencional ocurri贸 en el 27,77%. En el grupo de hospitalizaci贸n convencional hubo un caso de exitus (1,38%). Conclusiones: La implementaci贸n del protocolo de recuperaci贸n temprana tras cirug铆a colorrectal con HAD permite un alta temprana y segura de aquellos pacientes sometidos a cirug铆a m铆nimamente invasiva colorrectal. La utilizaci贸n de este protocolo de manera generalizada puede incrementar la eficiencia en el tratamiento de pacientes con enfermedades colorrectales que requieren cirug铆a mayor adem谩s de reducir los costes hospitalarios.ABSTRACT : Background: Recent changes in the perioperative management of colorectal surgery through the introduction of ERAS programs (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) have reduced hospital stays. The implementation of these programs is a complex process and requires the participation of a multidisciplinary team. Alongside ERAS programs, hospital at home (HAH) is a safe model that favors early discharge of patients. Objetives: Safely reduce the inhospital stay for patients undergoing major colorectal surgery by incorporating a home hospitalization program into the postoperative early recovery protocol. Methods: Retrospective study including patients who underwent major colorectal surgery at Hospital Universitario Marqu茅s de Valdecilla (HUMV) between May 2014 and March 2015. Patients were divided into two groups: One group continued conventional hospitalization while patients from the other group were included in the HAH program. Patients who on the third day after surgery met surgical and HAH criteria were included in HAH and had daily checks and follow-ups for possible complications. Results: 105 patients were included in the study. 33 patients (31.43%) were part of the HAH group and 72 patients (68.37%) followed conventional hospitalization. Mean average age was 65.4 years and right hemicolectomy was the most common procedure (36.19%). 59.05% of these patients were men. 6.06% of patients in the HAH group reentered hospital within 30 days after the intervention, while in the conventionalization hospitalization group, the percentage of patients needed re-hospitalization was 3.89%. The average postoperative stay of HAH patients was 3.24 days compared to 7.65 days in the conventional hospitalization group. Complications were reported in the HAH group in 30.30% of patients in comparison with 27.77% of complications in the conventional hospitalization group. One exitus was reported in the conventional hospitalization group (1.38%). Conclusions: The implementation of the early recovery protocol after colorectal surgery with hospital at home evaluation allows an early and safe discharge of patients undergoing minimally invasive colorectal surgery. Our study suggests that a broader application of this protocol can increase the efficiency in the treatment of patients with colorectal diseases requiring major surgery while reducing hospital costs.Grado en Medicin
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