Nutrition knowledge, nutritional status and lifestyle of athletes in Ondo Town, Ondo State, Nigeria.

Background: Nutrition knowledge influences food choices and adequate nutrition promotes optimal performance of athletics. Objective: To assess association between nutrition knowledge, nutritional status and lifestyle. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out among 280 Athletes training in Ondo Town, Nigeria. Respondents' socio-demographic characteristics, nutrition knowledge and lifestyle were determined by interviewer administered questionnaire. Nutritional status was assessed by anthropometry and dietary 2 pattern. Body Mass Index (kg/m ) and Body Fat (%) were calculated. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used to analyse data. Association of variables was determined by chi-square having p<0.05. Results: Respondents' mean age was 21±3.9years. Males and females were 73.2% and 26.8% respectively. Majorities (83.9%) were undergraduates. Football (37.9%), volleyball (20.0%), basketball (12.9%) and track and field events (12.5%) were major athletics, 69.4% had good nutrition knowledge and 73.9% normal weight, 15.0% overweight, 2.5% obese and 54.7% had good/excellent body fat. Cereal (57.8%), fruits (52.3%), flesh meat (52.8%), sea foods (45.1%), eggs (42.1%) and dairy products (48.1%) were regularly consumed, 66.1% trained at evening, 54.3% trained 1-2 days per week, 83.9% skipped breakfast. Significant associations were found between athletes' nutrition knowledge and lifestyle practices such as skipping of breakfast, taking of water bottle along for training, frequency of water consumption during training and consumption of carbonated drinks rather than water while thirsty. Conclusion: Many athletes have good nutrition knowledge. Overweight and obesity are prevalent; many skipped breakfast and consumed carbonated drinks instead of water while thirsty. Fruits vegetables and iron rich foods are not adequately consumed

Chemistry-led investigations into the mode of action of NAMPT activators, resulting in the discovery of non-pyridyl class NAMPT activators

The cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) plays a key role in a wide range of physiological processes and maintaining or enhancing NAD+ levels is an established approach to enhancing healthy aging. Recently, several classes of nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) activators have been shown to increase NAD+ levels in vitro and in vivo and to demonstrate beneficial effects in animal models. The best validated of these compounds are structurally related to known urea-type NAMPT inhibitors, however the basis for the switch from inhibitory activity to activation is not well understood. Here we report an evaluation of the structure activity relationships of NAMPT activators by designing, synthesising and testing compounds from other NAMPT ligand chemotypes and mimetics of putative phosphoribosylated adducts of known activators. The results of these studies led us to hypothesise that these activators act via a through-water interaction in the NAMPT active site, resulting in the design of the first known urea-class NAMPT activator that does not utilise a pyridine-like warhead, which shows similar or greater activity as a NAMPT activator in biochemical and cellular assays relative to known analogues.</p