Polarimetric measurements of simulated lunar surfaces Third interim report

Polarimetric measurements of simulated lunar surfaces for determining Apollo landing area

Polarimetric measurements of simulated lunar surfaces Final report

Polarimetric properties of simulated lunar surface specimens in visible and infrared radiatio

The Rationality of Belief

In a philosophical discussion it is necessary, before any hope of mutual understanding can be attained, to make clear the meanings in which terms are to be used. this, I believe, is especially true in any investigation concerning the mind. The modern controversies about knowledge, how it is acquired, and whether or not knowledge is really attainable are too numerous to describe. Materialistic systems of philosophy all base their arguments on the central thesis that the mind is the brain and that there is no necessity of supposing a spiritual entity. An inspection of our concepts demonstrates the folly of such a philosophy. We understand the meanings of such concepts as courage, love, patriotism. These are immaterial concepts and if they exist they posit an immaterial principle which we call the soul. Soul is a spiritual being and its chief characteristic is simplicity

Predicting service life margins

Margins are developed for equipment susceptible to malfunction due to excessive time or operation cycles, and for identifying limited life equipment so monitoring and replacing is accomplished before hardware failure. Method applies to hardware where design service is established and where reasonable expected usage prediction is made

How robust is the evidence of an emerging or increasing female excess in physical morbidity between childhood and adolescence? Results of a systematic literature review and meta-analyses

For asthma and psychological morbidity, it is well established that higher prevalence among males in childhood is replaced by higher prevalence among females by adolescence. This review investigates whether there is evidence for a similar emerging female ‘excess’ in relation to a broad range of physical morbidity measures. Establishing whether this pattern is generalised or health outcome-specific will further understandings of the aetiology of gender differences in health. Databases (Medline; Embase; CINAHL; PsycINFO; ERIC) were searched for English language studies (published 1992–2010) presenting physical morbidity prevalence data for males and females, for at least two age-bands within the age-range 4–17 years. A three-stage screening process (initial sifting; detailed inspection; extraction of full papers), was followed by study quality appraisals. Of 11 245 identified studies, 41 met the inclusion criteria. Most (n = 31) presented self-report survey data (five longitudinal, 26 cross-sectional); 10 presented routinely collected data (GP/hospital statistics). Extracted data, supplemented by additional data obtained from authors of the included studies, were used to calculate odds ratios of a female excess, or female:male incident rate ratios as appropriate. To test whether these changed with age, the values were logged and regressed on age in random effects meta-regressions. These showed strongest evidence of an emerging/increasing female excess for self-reported measures of headache, abdominal pain, tiredness, migraine and self-assessed health. Type 1 diabetes and epilepsy, based on routinely collected data, did not show a significant emerging/increasing female excess. For most physical morbidity measures reviewed, the evidence broadly points towards an emerging/increasing female excess during the transition to adolescence, although results varied by morbidity measure and study design, and suggest that this may occur at a younger age than previously thought

ERTS-1 Virgin Islands experiment 589: Determine boundaries of ERTS and aircraft data within which useful water quality information can be obtained

The author has identified the following significant results. The boundaries of application of ERTS-1 and aircraft data are established for St. Thomas harbor within which useful water quality information can be obtained. In situ physical, chemical, and biological water quality and benthic data were collected. Moored current meters were employed. Optical measurements of solar irradiance, color test panel radiance and water absorption were taken. Procedures for correlating in situ optical, biological, and chemical data with underflight aircraft I2S data and ERTS-1 MSS scanner data are presented. Comparison of bulk and precision CCT computer printout data for this application is made, and a simple method for geometrically locating bulk data individual pixels based on land-water interface is described. ERTS spacecraft data and I2S aircraft imagery are correlated with optical in situ measurements of the harbor water, with the aircraft green photographic and ERTS-1 MSS-4 bands being the most useful. The biological pigments correlate inversely with the optical data for inshore areas and directly further seaward. Automated computer data processing facilitated analysis

Adaptive optimal control design for stable vibration attenuation of active constrained layer damping beam structure

Vibration suppression using active constrained layer damping (ACLD) has proven to be an invaluable means for improving the performance of a wide variety of engineering systems. The ACLD creates the hybrid of active and passive damping, attaining favorably high damping characteristics, while at the same time, combines unattractive attributes of both treatments, such as stability sensitivity. Control efforts are needed to achieve an adequate performance of the structures treated with ACLD. The purpose of this research is to investigate theoretically and numerically the adaptive optimal controller of the constrained layer damped beam system, using the classical three-layered distributed-parameter model that utilizes Hamilton\u27s principle in the derivation. Particular emphasis is placed on controlling and stability analysis of the first bending mode of the response on the harmonic excitation using proportional control law. A new technique for prediction of optimal damping performance for fully treated beam/ACLD system using time-domain analysis of control is proposed. Comparison between analytical and numerical results, as well with experimental results found in the literature, showed that the proposed strategy is very simple and efficient in constructing the adaptive optimal control gains for amplitude attenuation of structural vibrations

FEDERAL ESTATE AND GIFT TAXATION-ADEQUACY OF CONSIDERATION IN TRANSFERS CONNECTED WITH DIVORCE PROCEEDINGS OR SEPARATION AGREEMENTS

Today it is common procedure for a husband and wife, contemplating divorce or separation, to make an advance agreement concerning alimony and division of their property. Often this agreement will be adopted by the court in its decree of separation or divorce. It is the purpose of this comment to discuss the estate and gift tax consequences of such agreements. In order to understand properly the problems which have come up in connection with gift tax liability, it is necessary first to chart out the path taken under the estate tax

INSURANCE-REINSTATEMENT-\u27\u27INSURABILITY

lnsured took out a policy of life insurance with defendant company which contained a clause providing for reinstatement within five years after default on presentation of evidence of insurability satisfactory to the company and payment of overdue premiums with interest. After default in payment of premiums, insured requested reinstatement. The insured had taken up aviation in the interval between issuance of the policy and the request for reinstatement. The company agreed to reinstate on condition that the insured would agree to a modification of the policy, so that it would not cover death resulting from operation of any kind of airplane. The insured was killed in a plane crash. The beneficiaries contend that the meaning of the term insurability is no broader than good health and since the insured was in good health at the time he applied for reinstatement, there is no consideration for his agreement to modify the policy. Held, judgment for beneficiary reversed. The existence. of serious hazards not present when the insurance was taken out will normally justify an insurer\u27s refusal to reinstate on grounds of lack of insurability. Schiel v. N.Y. Life Ins. Co., (9th Cir. 1949) 178 F. (2d) 729

TAXATION-STOCK DIVIDENDS AS INCOME

X corporation had two classes of stock outstanding. The Class A stock was a preferred stock entitled to cumulative dividends and a liquidation preference. The Class B stock was a non-voting stock, entitled to an annual $2 dividend after payment of the dividend on the preferred. Both classes were entitled to participate equally (on a pro rata basis) in any dividends in excess of the two mentioned above. The corporation declared a stock dividend, entitling each Class A holder to one-half share of Class A stock for each share presently held, and each Class B holder to one-half share of Class B stock for each share presently held. Petitioner held both Class A and Class B shares. Held, the dividend constituted income as to both the Class A and Class shares received. If the issuance of a stock dividend affects a change in the proprietary interests of the holders of the stock of the other class, then the dividend is income. Weigand v. Commissioner, 14 T.C. 136 (1950.