An Access Control Model for Protecting Provenance Graphs

Postprin

DNA methylation and DNA methyltransferases

The prevailing views as to the form, function, and regulation of genomic methylation patterns have their origin many years in the past, at a time when the structure of the mammalian genome was only dimly perceived, when the number of protein-encoding mammalian genes was believed to be at least five times greater than the actual number, and when it was not understood that only ~10% of the genome is under selective pressure and likely to have biological function. We use more recent findings from genome biology and whole-genome methylation profiling to provide a reappraisal of the shape of genomic methylation patterns and the nature of the changes that they undergo during gametogenesis and early development. We observe that the sequences that undergo deep changes in methylation status during early development are largely sequences without regulatory function. We also discuss recent findings that begin to explain the remarkable fidelity of maintenance methylation. Rather than a general overview of DNA methylation in mammals (which has been the subject of many reviews), we present a new analysis of the distribution of methylated CpG dinucleotides across the multiple sequence compartments that make up the mammalian genome, and we offer an updated interpretation of the nature of the changes in methylation patterns that occur in germ cells and early embryos. We discuss the cues that might designate specific sequences for demethylation or de novo methylation during development, and we summarize recent findings on mechanisms that maintain methylation patterns in mammalian genomes. We also describe the several human disorders, each very different from the other, that are caused by mutations in DNA methyltransferase genes

The fine illusion of free will\u27 : autonomy and selfhood in the major prose works of Evelyn Scott

In a letter to Emma Goldman, Evelyn Scott defended her rejection of both Marxist doctrine and middle class philistinism: “‘And individualists like myself— incurable believers in what has now become demode as a romantic movement—are caught between the Scilla [sic] of bourgeois obtuseness and the Charibdis [sic] of a radicalism that rejects appeal on the only grounds that are moving and arresting to people who love a free spirit\u27 (ES qtd. in Callard 104). But in a passage in her experimental autobiography Escapade. Scott admitted the weaknesses of her faith in the romantic ego . The enigma of myself is the failure of romanticism to satisfy a being fundamentally romantic (E 123). The tension between these two passages is one that is played out in the major prose works of Evelyn Scott\u27s canon; in her autobiographical Escapade, in three of her most successful novels, The Narrow House, The Wave, and Breathe Upon These Slain, and in her unpublished novel, the late work Escape into Living. Whether the ideal of autonomous selfhood is truly attainable, or even possible, is the question these texts try to answer. Considered a significant artist in the 1920s and \u2730s, Scott for several decades had been a largely forgotten writer. A recuperation of Evelyn Scott\u27s canon is under way in the 1990s, however, as evidenced by the recent publication of Mary Wheeling White\u27s biography. Moreover, recent rethinkings of women\u27s writing, as articulated by critics such as Mary Jacobus, Estelle Jelinek, and Sidonie Smith, should aid the critical recovery of Scott\u27s work. My study commences with an examination of Escapade. Scott\u27s daringly original autobiography. With its themes of domestic entrapment, its examination of female subjectivity, and its strikingly original prose style. Escapade provides an important touchstone for Scott\u27s early fiction. Emerging from this discussion of the autobiography, I examine three novels representative of the major stages in Evelyn Scott\u27s fiction: The Narrow House shows Scott examining feminist concerns through the lens of literary naturalism; The Wave constitutes Scott\u27s most successful foray into modernism as she subverts and reworks the form of the historical novel, all the while examining the possibilities for the freedom and integrity of the individual caught up in the inexorable forces of history; in Breathe Upon These Slain. Scott becomes one of the first twentieth-century practitioners of metafiction, thus pushing her concerns for the autonomy of the self up to the boundaries of postmodernism. The final stage in this work includes a reading of Scott\u27s unpublished novel, Escape into Living, a text in which Evelyn Scott\u27s fierce devotion to individualism seems finally to have faded, returning her, in a sense, to the naturalistic doom that permeates her earliest work. By undertaking such a project, I hope to encourage a serious reevaluation of Evelyn Scott\u27s canon. Indeed, as Jean Radford urges us to ask new questions of old texts and search out new voices from the modernist period, Evelyn Scott\u27s innovative but long neglected corpus of work provides a compelling opportunity to do both

TRAAC: Trust and Risk Aware Access Control

Postprin

The matching law

This article introduces the quantitative analysis of choice behavior by describing a number of equations developed over the years to describe the relation between the allocation of behavior under concurrent schedules of reinforcement and the consequences received for alternative responses. Direct proportionality between rate of responding and rate of reinforcement was observed in early studies, suggesting that behavioral output matched environmental input in a mathematical sense. This relation is termed "strict matching," and the equation that describes it is referred to as "the matching law." Later data showed systematic departures from strict matching, and a generalized version of the matching equation is now used to describe such data. This equation, referred to as "the generalized matching equation," also describes data that follow strict matching. It has become convention to refer to either of these equations as "the matching law." Empirical support for the matching law is briefly summarized, as is the applied and practical significance of matching analyses

Cenozoic evolution of the eastern Black Sea: a test of depth-dependent stretching models

Subsidence analysis of the eastern Black Sea basin suggests that the stratigraphy of this deep, extensional basin can be explained by a predominantly pure-shear stretching history. A strain-rate inversion method that assumes pure-shear extension obtains good fits between observed and predicted stratigraphy. A relatively pure-shear strain distribution is also obtained when a strain-rate inversion algorithm is applied that allows extension to vary with depth without assuming its existence or form. The timing of opening of the eastern Black Sea, which occupied a back-arc position during the closure of the Tethys Ocean, has also been a subject of intense debate; competing theories called for basin opening during the Jurassic, Cretaceous or Paleocene/Eocene. Our work suggests that extension likely continued into the early Cenozoic, in agreement with stratigraphic relationships onshore and with estimates for the timing of arc magmatism. Further basin deepening also appears to have occurred in the last 20 myr. This anomalous subsidence event is focused in the northern part of the basin and reaches its peak at 15–10 Ma. We suggest that this comparatively localized shortening is associated with the northward movement of the Arabian plate. We also explore the effects of paleowater depth and elastic thickness on the results. These parameters are controversial, particularly for deep-water basins and margins, but their estimation is a necessary step in any analysis of the tectonic subsidence record stored in stratigraphy. <br/

Non-Perturbative Improvement of the Anisotropic Wilson QCD Action

We describe the first steps in the extension of the Symanzik O($a$) improvement program for Wilson-type quark actions to anisotropic lattices, with a temporal lattice spacing smaller than the spatial one. This provides a fully relativistic and computationally efficient framework for the study of heavy quarks. We illustrate our method with accurate results for the quenched charmonium spectrum.Comment: LATTICE98(improvement), 3 pages, 4 figure

Freight logistics services for rural economies : User needs and future challenges

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Data capture and analysis to assess impact of carbon credit schemes

Data enables Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) to quantify the impact of their initiatives to themselves and to others. The increasing amount of data stored today can be seen as a direct consequence of the falling costs in obtaining it. Cheap data acquisition harnesses existing communications networks to collect information. Globally, more people are connected by the mobile phone network than by the Internet. We worked with Vita, a development organisation implementing green initiatives to develop an SMS-based data collection application to collect social data surrounding the impacts of their initiatives. We present our system design and lessons learned from on-the-ground testing