Risk factors related to preventable infant mortality in Espirito Santo, Brazil

Objective: To analyse the factors associated with preventable of infant mortality, in Espirito Santo,  Brazil.  Methods: Data were collected from records of notifiable of infant death of the Mortality Information System. A total of 5,089 infant deaths were classified as preventable and non-preventable  according to the International Collaborative Effort on Infant Mortality (ICE) and the State System  of Data Analysis Foundation (SEADE) methods. To investigate the factors associated with preventable of deaths, it was applied the logistic regression.  Results: Approximately, 73% of the deaths were preventable according to the ICE, while 76% were  preventable according to the SEADE method. Using to both methods, it was observed that preterm  birth, postneonatal death and birth weight between 3000 and above 4,000 g represented higher  chances for preventable infant deaths. Furthermore, the medical care was more likely to preventable infant death only for ICE method.  Conclusions: The factors related to the quality of care offered in the prenatal, prepartum and  childbirth periods were more relevant for the occurrence of preventable infant death. Accordingly, it is recommended to strengthen mother-child care to detect risk pregnancies during pre-natal care, as well as a hierarchical, regionalized and integrated perinatal network.  </p

Characteristics associated with the consumption of in natura or minimally processed and ultra-processed foods in one Brazilian metropolitan region

Abstract This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics associated with the consumption of in natura or minimally processed and ultra-processed foods (UPFs) by adolescents in the Metropolitan Region of Greater Vitória, in Espírito Santo, Brazil. The data were obtained between 2016 and 2017. Logistic regression was adopted for the multivariate analysis. A total of 2,285 adolescents aged between 15 and 19 participated in the study. Greater consumption of minimally processed foods was associated with the adolescent doing paid work (OR=1.27; 95%CI=1.04-1.56), a high family income (OR=1.5; 95%CI=1.10-2.17), and engagement in physical activity (OR=1.9; 95%CI=1.45-2.63). Having brown/black skin (OR=1.3; 95%CI=1.02-1.61) and the habit of eating while surfing the web (OR=1.4; 95%CI=1.02-1.88) increased the chances of consuming UPFs. Being enrolled in a private school and being in the third/fourth year of high school reduced UPF consumption by 41.7% and 37.2%, respectively. It is concluded that greater purchasing power and engagement in physical activity influenced the consumption of minimally processed foods. On the other hand, self-reporting as brown/black and internet use increased the chances of greater UPF consumption.</p