Patient characteristics of therapeutic conflicts in 166 emergency patients with multimorbity.

<p>Patient characteristics of therapeutic conflicts in 166 emergency patients with multimorbity.</p

Mean number of therapeutic conflicts with respect to the number of concurrent medical conditions per patient in 166 emergency patients with multimorbity.

<p>CI = confidence interval.</p

Minor therapeutic conflicts identified in 166 emergency patients with multimorbity^*.

<p>CPG = Clinical practice guideline.</p><p>PAD = peripheral artery disease; GERD = gastroesophageal reflux disease; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme; NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.</p><p>*Minor therapeutic conflict was defined as a where clinical practice guidelines recommend a treatment of one medical condition that is relatively contraindicated because of a co-existing condition, but where the treatment is possible without adverse effects if certain precautions are taken.</p>†<p>Renal failure defined as an estimated GFR [glomerular filtration rate] <60 mL/min from MDRD [Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group] equation.</p><p>Minor therapeutic conflicts identified in 166 emergency patients with multimorbity^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0110309#nt108" target="_blank">*</a>}.</p

Number of patients with recommended therapies and the associated therapeutic conflicts identified in 166 emergency patients with multimorbity*.

<p>ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme; NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug *<i>Major</i> therapeutic conflict was defined as a situation where clinical practice guidelines recommend a treatment of one medical condition that is absolutely contraindicated because of a co-existing condition. <i>Minor</i> therapeutic conflict was defined as a where clinical practice guidelines recommend a treatment of one medical condition that is relatively contraindicated because of a co-existing condition, but where the treatment is possible without adverse effects if certain precautions are taken.</p

Major therapeutic conflicts identified in 166 emergency patients with multimorbity^*.

<p>CPG = Clinical practice guideline.</p><p>INR = international normalized ratio index of blood coagulability.</p><p>*Major therapeutic conflict was defined as a situation where clinical practice guidelines recommend a treatment of one medical condition that is absolutely contraindicated because of a co-existing condition.</p>†<p>Neutropenia defined as neutrophilic granulocytes <1.40 G/L.</p>‡<p>Renal failure defined as an estimated GFR [glomerular filtration rate] <60 mL/min from MDRD [Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group] equation.</p><p>Major therapeutic conflicts identified in 166 emergency patients with multimorbity^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0110309#nt103" target="_blank">*</a>}.</p

Top 10 chronic pain conditions/chronic conditions associated with chronic pain respectively in a population of inpatients at a department of internal medicine in a tertiary care hospital (n = 433 hospitalizations).

<p>Multiple counts were allowed.</p

Potential opioid related drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in multimorbid patients with chronic pain (n = 433), identified by using the galdat/hospINDEX® database.

<p>Multiple counts were allowed.</p

Drug prescriptions in multimorbid patients with chronic pain corresponding to the classification by the WHO analgesic ladder.

<p>Drug prescriptions in multimorbid patients with chronic pain corresponding to the classification by the WHO analgesic ladder.</p

Overview of the relevant drug interaction potential of analgesics (categorized into analgesics, coanalgesics, and concomitant drugs), identified by galdat/hospINDEX® database in the sample of chronic pain patients (n = 433).

<p>Antidepressants are included here as coanalgesics.</p

The most common triplets of chronic conditions including chronic pain diagnoses in a population of inpatients at a tertiary department of internal medicine (n = 433 hospitalizations).

<p>The most common triplets of chronic conditions including chronic pain diagnoses in a population of inpatients at a tertiary department of internal medicine (n = 433 hospitalizations).</p