Connectivity of coastal and neritic fish larvae to the deep waters

Four ichthyoplankton cruises and backward tracking experiments were conducted to study the connectivity of coastal and neritic fish larvae over the continental slope and to the oceanic deep-water region of the western Gulf of Mexico. Distribution patterns of larval abundance at oceanic stations showed higher abundance and the presence of larvae at oceanic stations during two cruises. Larval transport was simulated using outputs of a data assimilation model that represented the flow conditions during each cruise. Higher abundances of larvae of coastal and neritic species at oceanic stations agreed with offshore transport inferred from numerical experiments seeding particles over different spatial scales (stations vs. transects). Satellite images of surface chlorophyll were consistent with the circulation patterns indicated by the model, indicating filaments of shelf waters were transported toward the transects with higher larval abundances. Particle tracking experiments indicated that the northwestern shelf provinces of Perdido, Tamaulipas, and Texas were the main source of propagules to the oceanic region, while shelf provinces of northern Veracruz, Campeche, Yucatan, Louisiana, and Mississippi-Alabama contributed much less. The length and intensity of the shelf front limited ichthyoplankton cross-shelf exchange during some cruises, and mesoscale anticyclonic and cyclonic eddies advected larvae to the deep-water region during others. The agreement between the spatial distribution of fish larvae and the simulated larval transport confirm that circulation models are a valuable tool for examining potential dispersal pathways of neritic species, as long as similar spatial and temporal scales as the ones used in this study are considered.Fil: Cano Compaire, Jesus. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de México. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada Baja California; MéxicoFil: Pérez Brunius, Paula. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de México. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada Baja California; MéxicoFil: Jiménez Rosenberg, Sylvia Patricia Adelheid. Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas; MéxicoFil: Rodríguez Outerelo, Javier. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de México. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada Baja California; MéxicoFil: Echeverri García, Laura del Pilar. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de México. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada Baja California; MéxicoFil: Herzka, Sharon Z.. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de México. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada Baja California; Méxic

Larvas de peces como trazadores de transporte desde la plataforma continental hacia la zona profunda

Los estudios de conectividad biológica en poblaciones de ambientes oceánicos y costeros son fundamentales para el entendimiento de la dinámica poblacional, la estructura genética y la distribución biogeográfica de las especies marinas (Cowen et al., 2006). La conectividad biológica es el nivel de intercambio de organismos que hay entre poblaciones que interactúan a distancia (Roberts y Hawkins, 2000)...Fil: Cano Compaire, Jesus. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera; ArgentinaFil: Herzka, Sharon Z.. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada; MéxicoFil: Pérez Brunius, Paula. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada; MéxicoFil: Jiménez Rosenberg, Sylvia Patricia Adelheid. Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas; MéxicoFil: Rodríguez Outerelo, Javier. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada; MéxicoFil: Echeverri García, Laura del Pilar. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada; Méxic

Variability of fish larvae assemblages relative to mesoscale features in the deep water region of the southern Gulf of Mexico

In the Gulf of Mexico (GoM), mesoscale features strongly influence hydrographic and circulation patterns, which can favor larval retention and/or transport. Most ichthyoplankton studies in the southern GoM (south of 25°N) have focused on the continental shelves and the Bay of Campeche (BoC), and little is known about larval fish assemblages in the oceanic region. We compared the structure of the assemblages among stations from contrasting mesoscale features in the deep water region (depths greater than 1000 m), hypothesizing that there is a higher similarity in assemblages from stations within the same feature. Ichthyoplankton samples were collected in the upper 200 m during two oceanographic cruises. Analyses of sea surface heights and temperature anomaly profiles allowed us to identify the stations corresponding to specific mesoscale features, including cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies, upwelling, river discharge waters transported offshore, and the Loop Current. Larval fish assemblages were not strictly differentiated among features, except for one assemblage identified within an anticyclonic eddy. Stations within the BoC could be discriminated from the northern oceanic region due to high larval fish abundances and to the occurrence of taxa that inhabit coastal and neritic habitats as adults, which are transported offshore due to local oceanographic processes.Fil: Echeverri García, Laura del Pilar. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de México. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada Baja California; MéxicoFil: Daudén Bengoa, Gonzalo. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de México. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada Baja California; MéxicoFil: Cano Compaire, Jesus. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de México. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada Baja California; MéxicoFil: Jiménez Rosenberg, Sylvia P. A.. Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas; MéxicoFil: Pérez Brunius, Paula. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de México. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada Baja California; MéxicoFil: Ferreira Bartrina, Vicente. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de México. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada Baja California; MéxicoFil: Herzka, Sharon Z.. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de México. Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada Baja California; Méxic

Colombian surgical outcomes study insights on perioperative mortality rate, a main indicator of the lancet commission on global surgery – a prospective cohort studyResearch in context

Summary: Background: Surgical care holds significant importance in healthcare, especially in low and middle-income countries, as at least 50% of the 4.2 million deaths within the initial 30 days following surgery take place in these countries. The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery proposed six indicators to enhance surgical care. In Colombia, studies have been made using secondary data. However, strategies to reduce perioperative mortality have not been implemented. This study aims to describe the fourth indicator, perioperative mortality rate (POMR), with primary data in Colombia. Methods: A multicentre prospective cohort study was conducted across 54 centres (hospitals) in Colombia. Each centre selected a 7-day recruitment period between 05/2022 and 01/2023. Inclusion criteria involved patients over 18 years of age undergoing surgical procedures in operating rooms. Data quality was ensured through a verification guideline and statistical analysis using mixed-effects multilevel modelling with a case mix analysis of mortality by procedure-related, patient-related, and hospital-related conditions. Findings: 3807 patients were included with a median age of 48 (IQR 32–64), 80.3% were classified as ASA I or II, and 27% of the procedures had a low-surgical complexity. Leading procedures were Orthopedics (19.2%) and Gynaecology/Obstetrics (17.7%). According to the Clavien–Dindo scale, postoperative complications were distributed in major complications (11.7%, 10.68–12.76) and any complication (31.6%, 30.09–33.07). POMR stood at 1.9% (1.48–2.37), with elective and emergency surgery mortalities at 0.7% (0.40–1.23) and 3% (2.3–3.89) respectively. Interpretation: The POMR was higher than the ratio reported in previous national studies, even when patients had a low–risk profile and low-complexity procedures. The present research represents significant public health progress with valuable insights for national decision-makers to improve the quality of surgical care. Funding: This work was supported by Universidad del Rosario and Fundación Cardioinfantil-Instituto de Cardiología grant number CTO-057-2021, project-ID IV-FGV017