The detection of salivary minerals in smokers and non-smokers with chronic periodontitis by the inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrophotometry technique

Erdemir, Ali/0000-0002-6489-9620; Erdemir, Ali/0000-0003-1140-3887WOS: 000241879100009PubMed: 16734573Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of smoking on the salivary minerals in subjects with chronic periodontitis by the inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrophotometry (ICP-AES) technique. Methods: The study group included 24 subjects - 12 smokers and 12 non-smokers-with chronic periodontitis. Clinical measurements and non-stimulated whole saliva were obtained, and the levels of five elements-sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphate-in each specimen were analyzed. Results: When the clinical parameters were compared between groups, only plaque index was significantly higher in smokers than non-smokers (P < 0.05). The mean plaque index of smokers and non-smokers was 1.93 +/- 0.51 and 1.51 +/- 0.39, respectively. The results of this study showed that there were no significant differences between groups in the mineral content of saliva. In smokers, there were positive correlations between the levels of calcium, sodium, and magnesium and clinical attachment level. There was also a positive correlation between the level of phosphate and the percentage of bleeding on probing. In non-smokers, there was a negative correlation only between the mean level of sodium and plaque index (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The present study showed that no significant differences were found between the mineral content of saliva of smokers and non-smokers by the ICP-AES technique. It is a useful, fast, and sensitive technique compared to other techniques, and it can be advised for researchers while analyzing the mineral content of saliva

Cigarette smoking and periodontal disease

Periodontai hastalıkların başlamasında ve ilerlemesinde plak ve konak savunma sistemine ilaveten bazı lokal ve sistemik risk faktörlerinin etkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Son dönemlerde içeriğinde bazı zararlı ve kanserojen maddeler bulunduran sigara da periodontal hastalıklarda çevresel risk faktörü olarak kabul edilmektedir. Sigaranın periodontai sağlık üzerine zararlı etkilerini hangi mekanizma veya mekanizmalar ile gerçekleştirdiği ise tam olarak bilinmemektedir. Bu derlemedeki veriler, periodontai durum üzerine sigara kullanımının etkilerini değerlendirmede yardımcı olacaktır.It's known that there are some local and systemic risk factors in the onset and progression of periodontal diseases as well as dental plaque and host defense mechanism. Recently, cigarette that includes some detrimental and carcinogen materials, has also been found as an environmental risk factor. However, it's not well-known that cigarette smoking forms the detrimental effects on periodontai health by which mechanism or mechanisms. Data regarding the impact of smoking on periodontai status included in this review will be helpful

Relationship between smoking and folic acid, vitamin B-12 and some haematological variables in patients with chronic periodontal disease

WOS: 000242441600004PubMed: 17092240Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cigarette smoking and the serum levels of folic acid, vitamin B-12 and some haematological variables in patients with periodontal disease. Patients and methods: The study base consisted of 88 volunteer patients with periodontal disease, including 45 current smokers in the age range 31-68 years and 43 non-smokers in the range 32-66 years. The clinical parameters included plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL). Folic acid, vitamin B-12 and haematological variables were determined from peripheral blood samples. Results: PI, PD and CAL means were significantly higher in smokers than nonsmokers (p < 0.05). The serum folic acid concentration of smokers was lower than that of non-smokers (p < 0.05), whereas the white blood cell count was higher in smokers than in non-smokers (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that among patients with periodontal disease the serum folic acid concentration is lower in smokers compared with non-smokers

Kronik periodontitisli sigara içen ve içmeyen bireylerin dişeti oluğu sıvısı alkalen fosfataz enzim aktivitesi

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı sigara kullanımının kronik periodontitisli hastalarda klinik parametreler ile DOS ALP enzim aktivitesi üzerine etkisinin değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma, sigara içen 22 hasta, hiç sigara içmemiş 19 hasta olmak üzere toplam 41 gönüllü hasta üzerinde yürütüldü. Bütün hastalardan gingival indeks (Gİ), plak indeksi (Pİ), sondalama cep derinliği (SCD), klinik ataşman kaybı (KAK) ve sondalamada kanama (SK) dahil klinik parametreler ve alkalen fosfataz (ALP) enzim aktivitesi değerlendirmeleri için dişeti oluğu sıvısı (DOS) örneklemeleri yapıldı. Bütün ölçümler 3. ve 6. aylarda tekrarlandı. Bulgular: 3. ve 6. aylardaki ölçümlerde sigara içmeyen grupta, Gİ ve SK ortalama değerleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde daha yüksek bulunmuştur (P0.05). DOS ALP total aktivitesinin sigara içmeyenlerde 6. ayda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde daha yüksek olduğu ve sigara içen grupta ise DOS ALP total aktivitesinin 6. aya doğru azaldığı görülmüştür. Sonuç: Bu araştırmada sigara kullanımının DOS ALP total seviyesini azalttığı sonucuna varılmıştır.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of smoking on clinical parameters and the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in patients with chronic periodontitis after initial periodontal therapy. Material and Methods: The study base consisted of 41 volunteer patients including 22 current smokers and 19 non-smokers. The clinical parameters including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded and GCF samples were collected for analysis of ALP levels. At the 3rd and the 6th months all of these procedures were repeated. Results: In smokers, only CAL was significantly higher at the 3rd month compared to non-smokers (P<0.05). GI and BOP were higher in non-smokers than smokers in both periods (P<0.05). PI showed increases from initial to the 6th month in smokers (P<0.05). Total activity of ALP was significantly higher in non-smokers at the 6th month (P<0.05) and decreased from baseline to the 6th month in smokers (P<0.017). Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that cigarette smoking decreases ALP levels of GCF in smokers

Çeşitli yaş gruplarında furkasyon problemlerinin görülme sıklığı

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose:&lt;/strong&gt; Invasion of the furcation area of the multi-rooted teeth with periodontal disease is one of the common complications. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of furcation problems.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In the study, 609 molars were evaluated in 97 patients whose age range 30-75 (45.2±9.73) with nabers probe and radiographs. According to the evaluation, one score was given to each molar. The study consisted of 49 women and 48 men with 33 current smokers and 64 nonsmoker.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; It was determined that the prevalence and degree of furcation involvement were increasing with age. The frequency of furcation involvement was higher in the mandible than in the maxilla. According to the first and the second molars, furcation involvement of degree I and II was higher on the second molars; furcation involvement of degree III and IV was higher on the first molars. Men had higher frequency of furcation involvement than woman and in smokers; frequency of furcation involvement was higher than nonsmokers.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the prevalence and degree of furcation involvement deteriorated with increasing ages in molars and there were influences of localization of teeth, gender, smoking on the frequency and degree of furcation involvement.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ÖZET&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amaç:&lt;/strong&gt; Periodontal hastalıklı çok köklü dişlerin furkasyon bölgesinin tutulumu sık rastlanan komplikasyonlardan birisidir. Bu çalışmada belirli yaş gruplarında furkasyon problemlerinin prevelansının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gereç ve Yöntem:&lt;/strong&gt; Çalışmada yaşları 30 ile 75 (ort: 45.2±9.73 yaş) arasında değişen 97 hastada toplam 609 molar dişin furkasyon tutulumları nabers sondu ve radyograflarıyla değerlendirilerek her dişe bir skor verildi. Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların 49’u kadın 48’i erkek olup sigara içen toplam birey sayısı 33’tü.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bulgular:&lt;/strong&gt; Her molar diş için furkasyon problemi görülme sıklığının ve derecesinin yaşla birlikte arttığı belirlendi. Mandibular molar dişlerin furkasyon tutulum derecelerinin ve sıklığının maksillar molar dişlere göre daha fazla olduğu tespit edildi. 1. ve 2. molarlara göre furkasyon problemi görülme sıklığının karşılaştırılmasıyla I. ve II. derece furkasyon problemlerinin 2. molarlarda, III. ve IV. derece furkasyon problemlerinin ise 1. molarlarda daha fazla olduğu belirlendi. Ayrıca erkeklerde kadınlara göre, sigara içenlerde ise içmeyenlere göre furkasyon problemlerinin daha fazla sıklıkta görüldüğü tespit edildi.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sonuç:&lt;/strong&gt; Molar dişlerde furkasyon problemlerinin görülme sıklığı ve derecesi yaşla birlikte artmaktadır. Dişin alt ya da üst çenede bulunmasının, 1. ya da 2. molar olmasının, cinsiyetin ve sigara kullanımının furkasyon problemlerinin görülme sıklığı üzerine etkili olduğu tespit edildi.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anahtar kelimeler:&lt;/strong&gt; Furkasyon problemleri, periodontitis&lt;/p&gt

KRON-KÖPRÜ RESTORASYONLARINDA SEKONDER ÇÜRÜĞÜN RADYOLOJİK VE KLİNİK OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, özellikle serbestdişhekimliği uygulamalarında kron-köprürestorasyonları olan dişlerde sekonder çürüğündeğerlendirilmesinde sık başvurulan bir yöntemolan panoramik radyografinin, bitewing radyografinin ve klinik muayene verilerinin sekonderçürük teşhisindeki etkinliğinin araştırılması vegözlemciler arası uyumun değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışma grubunu kron-köprü restorasyonunasahip 93 hasta oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada 114adet tek kron ve 258 adet köprü ayağı olmak üzere372 posterior dişe ait 744 ara yüz sekonder çürükaçısından iki gözlemci tarafından klinik ve radyolojik olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Hastaların DMFT veDMFS indeksleri, kron ve/veya köprü restorasyonları; restorasyonun tipi, cinsi ve ağızda kalmasürelerine göre kaydedilmiştir. Çürük lezyonlarınınsınıflandırılmasında başlangıç, erken ve derinçürük lezyonlarını tanımlayan morfolojik karakteristiklere dayalı Zoellner ve arkadaşlarının modifiye ettiği sekonder çürük kriterleri kullanılmıştır.İstatistiksel farklılıklar Pearson ki kare testi

Evaluation of the oral health status of the people aged 65 years and over living in near rural district of Middle Anatolia, Turkey

WOS: 000246864600006PubMed: 17097161The aim of this study was to assess the oral health status of aged 65 years and over, and evaluate the level of edentulousness and study the factors that could have an influence on edentulism. The participants of this study were 215 patients; 94 males (47.3%) and 121 females (56.3%), aged 65 years and over. Each subject underwent a comprehensive dental and radiographic examination by one examiner. Periodontal attachment loss observed in the panoramic radiographs was divided into three diagnostic categories: infrabony defects, horizontal bone loss, and furcation lesions. The number of teeth with apical periodontitis lesions, the number of carious teeth, and restorations, type of dentures and wear duration, intrabony root remains, impacted teeth, smoking status, educational level and self-reported medical history of the participants were recorded. Extent of tooth loss was significantly higher in females than males and increased with increasing age (p < 0.05). Tooth loss was significantly associated with educational levels; lower literacy level was found to be associated with a higher number of missing teeth (p < 0.01). Also, as the educational levels of the participants increased, the number of infrabony defects, furcation lesions and number of carious teeth decreased (p < 0.05). Low literacy level and female gender are found to be high-risk groups for tooth loss. Community-based oral disease prevention programs should be implemented to reduce the risk for tooth loss in this population. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved