2,716 research outputs found
Non-Kolmogorov probability models and modified Bell's inequality
We analyse the proof of Bell's inequality and demonstrate that this
inequality is related to one particular model of probability theory, namely
Kolmogorov measure-theoretical axiomatics, 1933. We found a (numerical)
statistical correction to Bell's inequality. Such an additional term in the
right hand side of Bell's inequality can be considered as a probability
invariant of a quantum state. This is a measure of nonreproducibility of hidden
variables in different runs of experiments. Experiments to verify Bell's
inequality can be considered as just experiments to estimate this constant. It
seems that Bell's inequality could not be used as a crucial reason to deny
local realism. We consider deterministic as well as stochastic hidden variables
models
About Detecting CP-Violating Processes in J/\psi\to \KzKzb Decay
Questions about detecting CP-violating decay process of are discussed. Possible background and material
regeneration effect are analyzed. The discussion can be directly extended to
other vector quarkonium decays, like , and .Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, Late
Consistent Quantum Counterfactuals
An analysis using classical stochastic processes is used to construct a
consistent system of quantum counterfactual reasoning. When applied to a
counterfactual version of Hardy's paradox, it shows that the probabilistic
character of quantum reasoning together with the ``one framework'' rule
prevents a logical contradiction, and there is no evidence for any mysterious
nonlocal influences. Counterfactual reasoning can support a realistic
interpretation of standard quantum theory (measurements reveal what is actually
there) under appropriate circumstances.Comment: Minor modifications to make it agree with published version. Latex 8
pages, 2 figure
Generalized Quantum Theory: Overview and Latest Developments
The main formal structures of Generalized Quantum Theory are summarized.
Recent progress has sharpened some of the concepts, in particular the notion of
an observable, the action of an observable on states (putting more emphasis on
the role of proposition observables), and the concept of generalized
entanglement. Furthermore, the active role of the observer in the structure of
observables and the partitioning of systems is emphasized.Comment: 14 pages, update in reference
Assessment of processing technologies which may improve the nutritional composition of dairy products – Overview of progress
Among consumers there is a growing demand for food products with a natural nutritional-physiological advantage over comparable conventional products. As part of an EU funded project, ALP is examining the possible impact of processing on nutritionally valuable milk components, using the example of conjugated linoleic acids (CLA). The extent to which processing influences the CLA content of the end product was determined by literature research and own investigations of organic and conventional butter. Furthermore, new chemical, sensory-based and bio crystallization methods were evaluated by ALP and the University of Kassel to determine the oxidation stability of butter. In a further step the storage stability of CLA enriched and conventional butter was examined and the different methods will be compared. As a third objective a process for low-input CLA enrichment of milk fat (with a focus on alpine butter) has been developed. Since the process selected for the work is a physical enrichment process, it is accepted by international organic farming and food groups. Among the many benefits ascribed to CLA, it is believed to be an effective agent against cancer. The demand for foods with properties that promote human health is growing. The dairy industry has the opportunity to meet this demand by developing new dairy products with a nutritional-physiological function for the functional food market
Quantum marking and quantum erasure for neutral kaons
Entangled K0 anti-K0 pairs are shown to be suitable to discuss extensions and
tests of Bohr's complementarity principle through the quantum marking and
quantum erasure techniques suggested by M. O. Scully and K. Druehl [Phys. Rev.
A 25, 2208 (1982)]. Strangeness oscillations play the role of the traditional
interference pattern linked to wave-like behaviour, whereas the distinct
propagation in free space of the K_S and K_L components mimics the two possible
interferometric paths taken by particle-like objects.Comment: 4 RevTeX page
Angiotensin II-receptor subtypes in human atria and evidence for alterations in patients with cardiac dysfunction
Angiotensin II (All) has been implicated as an important factor in the pathophysiology of heart diseases. Following the recent identification of two subtypes of the All receptor in cardiac tissue of animals, we investigated the possible occurrence of these, or similar, subtypes in human atrial tissue. In right-atrial tissue from patients undergoing heart surgery, we determined the All-receptor profile in receptor binding studies, using [125I]-angiotensin as radioligand and All as well as two compounds selective for the receptor subtypes to identify and quantify All-receptor subpopulations. In 35 patients (23 requiring coronary bypasses, 10 vaivular surgery and two combined coronary and valvular surgery), the left-ventricular ejection fraction was determined in the preoperative phase, and right- and left-atrial pressure during surgery. In membranes of human right atria, All receptors are present in high density (median: Bmax= 294 fmol. mg−1 protein, range: 111-2073) and two different subtypes can be distinguished. Type-1 receptors (AT1) accounted for 33 ± l0% of the population whereas type-2 receptors (AT2) made up 67 ± 10% of the population. There was no correlation between any of the measured cardiac functions and total All-receptor density or receptor affinity. However, the percentage of AT1 receptors was higher in the atria of patients with normal right-atrial pressure; left-ventricular ejection fraction was positively and right-atrial pressure inversely correlated with the percentage of AT1 receptors (r=0·740 and -0·901, respectively; P<0·001, for both). Moreover, the percentage of AT receptors was directly correlated with the levels of left-atrial pressure (r=0·853; P<0·001). It is concluded that the ratio of AT1 to AT2 receptors correlates well with right-atrial pressure and left-ventricular function. This is a first indication of a possible involvement of All-receptor subtypes in the pathophysiology of cardiac dysfunction
Analyzing Feshbach resonances -- A Li -Cs case study
We provide a comprehensive comparison of a coupled channels calculation, the
asymptotic bound state model (ABM), and the multichannel quantum defect theory
(MQDT). Quantitative results for Li -Cs are presented and compared
to previously measured Li -Cs Feshbach resonances (FRs) [M. Repp et
al., Phys. Rev. A 87 010701(R) (2013)]. We demonstrate how the accuracy of the
ABM can be stepwise improved by including magnetic dipole-dipole interactions
and coupling to a non-dominant virtual state. We present a MQDT calculation,
where magnetic dipole-dipole and second order spin-orbit interactions are
included. A frame transformation formalism is introduced, which allows the
assignment of measured FRs with only three parameters. All three models achieve
a total rms error of < 1G on the observed FRs. We critically compare the
different models in view of the accuracy for the description of FRs and the
required input parameters for the calculations.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl
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