Is breast best?: breastfeeding, motherhood and identity

Is Breast Best?: breastfeeding, motherhood and identity is concerned with how breastfeeding is both a personal and a political issue. Earle begins with a cross-cultural analysis of the prevalence of breastfeeding, considering differences between and within countries and cultures and highlighting the presumed physical and psychological advantages for mothers and their babies. The remainder of the chapter is devoted to data derived from a qualitative study concerned with the body in pregnancy, childbirth and early motherhood. Earle argues that there are competing discourses which serve to structure women's experiences and perceptions of breastfeeding. Furthermore, she argues that gendered expectations and conflict in relation to women's sexual and maternal identities can cause tension, as can the competing pressure to breastfeed versus the importance of including the father in childcare. In conclusion, Earle leaves us with a question, namely: is the breastfeeding women empowering herself by doing what comes naturally or is the mother who uses formula milk making positive choices about her life and the care of her children

Teaching Sociology within the Speech and Language Therapy Curriculum

In the United Kingdom, the Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists suggests that sociology should be included within the speech and language therapy curriculum. However, in spite of this, sociology is seldom given priority. Although the role of sociology with the curricula of other professions has been discussed, the role of sociology within speech and language therapy has not. Given the contemporary climate of competence-based training, the position of subjects such as sociology is being compromised. This paper sets out three reasons in support of including sociology within speech and language therapy by drawing on the distinction between a ""personal education"" and a ""semantic conjunction"" model of the relationship between theory and professional practice. First, it is argued that sociology makes a valid contribution to an holistic approach to care–which is rapidly becoming the cornerstone of speech and language therapy practice. Second, this paper suggests that the inherent reflexivity within the discipline provides health professionals with an invaluable tool with which to engage in reflexive practice. Finally, it is argued that given the global emphasis on evidence-based practice, the study of sociology and sociological research methods equips therapists to interpret and conduct empirical research. This paper concludes by arguing that sociology should be viewed as an essential component of the speech and language therapy curriculum

‘Padres de la Patria’ and the ancestral past: commemorations of independence in nineteenth-century Spanish America

This article examines the civic festivals held in nineteenth-century Spanish America to commemorate independence from Spain. Through such festivals political leaders hoped, in Hobsbawm's words, ‘to inculcate certain values and norms of behaviour by repetition, which automatically implies continuity with the past’. But when did the ‘past’ begin? If in nineteenth-century France the French Revolution was the time of history, in Spanish America there was no consensus on when history began. The debates about national origins embedded within the nineteenth-century civic festival not only suggest how political elites viewed their Patrias but also shed light on the position of indigenous culture (usually separated hygienically from indigenous peoples themselves) within the developing national histories of post-independence Spanish America

Consumption and excess in Spanish America (1700-1830)

It may be said without exaggeration, that the finest stuffs made in countries, where industry is always inventing something new, are more generally seen in Lima than in any other place; vanity and ostentation not being restrained by custom or law. With this grand overstatement the Spanish travellers Jorge Juan and Antonio de Ulloa summed up their account of fashion in 1740s Lima. Dress in the capital of colonial Peru, according to these men, differed from that of Europe only in its extravagance. European goods and clothing, they insisted, were widely available, which allowed the ladies of Lima to indulge their immoderate taste for Flemish lace and pearls, to the ruination of their husbands. Such was these women’s passion for finery that they often succumbed to uterine cancer, brought on, the travellers were certain, by ‘their excessive use of perfumes’

Modification rule of monodromies in R_2-move

An R_2-move is a homotopy of wrinkled fibrations which deforms images of indefinite fold singularities like Reidemeister move of type II. Variants of this move are contained in several important deformations of wrinkled fibrations, flip and slip for example. In this paper, we first investigate how monodromies are changed by this move. For a given fibration and its vanishing cycles, we then give an algorithm to obtain vanishing cycles in one reference fiber of a fibration, which is obtained by applying flip and slip to the original fibration, in terms of mapping class groups. As an application of this algorithm, we give several examples of diagrams which were introduced by Williams to describe smooth 4-manifolds by simple closed curves of closed surfaces.Comment: 34 pages, 15 figure

Transport innovation and areal association in the Manawatu dairy industry : the role of transport from before 1880 to the present day and the impact of innovation in the areal association between supplier and factory and between factory and factory : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Geography at Massey University

For the New Zealand dairy industry, "the principal - one might say the only important disadvantage - was the obstacle of distance...." (Philpott, 1937:11) Although concerned here with the difficulties of overseas transport, (he suggested that time and invention had largely overcome the obstacles of distance) the comment is equally applicable to the difficulties of internal transport. Transport is an important element in dairying but appears to have attracted little attention from researchers. A review of the history of dairying reveals a series of development phases, each of which appears related to transport developments. The first part of this thesis, then, is an historical review of the period from before 1880 to the present day with particular emphasis upon transport methods and innovations. Emphasis has been given, however, to developments at tho factory rather than the farm level. From a consideration of these historical developments, it becomes increasingly evident that each phase has been associated with distinctive patterns of land use and the development of specialised dairying "regions"

Notes on The Feynman Checkerboard Problem

The Feynman checkerboard problem is an interesting path integral approach to the Dirac equation in `1+1' dimensions. I compare two approaches reported in the literature and show how they may be reconciled. Some physical insights may be gleaned from this approach.Comment: 9 page

A Patient Centered Intervention to Promote Primary Care Based Screening for Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic Retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in patient\u27s age 25-74 in the world. Onset of disease is insidious and early intervention is the only way to reduce morbidity. On average only 60% of diabetic\u27s get an annual eye exam, but in the Western Connecticut Health Network (WCHN) that number is closer to 32%. This project sought to educate and encourage patients to take advantage of a new tele-medicine, primary care based diabetic retinopathy screening program starting at Brookfield Family Medicine (part of the WCHN).https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/fmclerk/1479/thumbnail.jp

Marks of French influence in Goethe's works.

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston Universit