TeleMAGDA, a telephone-based lifestyle-modification program for postpartum women with a prior history of gestational diabetes : A change in microsystem level

Diabetes is a growing public health concern in Australia and worldwide. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was the single initiative under the National Chronic Disease Strategy to be signed off by the Council of Australian Governments in April 2007. T2DM is currently the second highest contributor to the Australian burden of disease and is projected to pose an economic burden of A$7 billion by 2023. With appropriate lifestyle change, T2DM can be a preventable disease, and healthy lifestyle programs can reduce progression to T2DM in high-risk populations. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) – diabetes in pregnancy – is a strong predictor for developing T2DM for women. More than 10% of all pregnancies in Australia are complicated by GDM, and up to 50% of women with GDM develop T2DM within five years after their babies are born. Women with previous GDM represent an enormous opportunity for the health system to intervene and promote health in both the mothers and their families. The Mothers after Gestational Diabetes in Australia (MAGDA) study, funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council, examined the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of a face-to-face, group-based, lifestyle-modification program specifically tailored for post-partum women with previous gestational diabetes. Amongst the key findings of MAGDA were that group-based programs are not suited to mothers with young infants, who have difficulty attending a face-to-face delivered program, and that such programs do not address the barriers to engagement. In order to give post-partum women more individual control of the lifestyle-modification program, the TeleMAGDA trial was run in which the group sessions were replaced by individual sessions delivered by telephone.The research reported in this paper is a project of the Australian Primary Health Care Research Institute which is supported by a grant from the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing under the Primary Health Care Research Evaluation and Development Strategy

Telephone-based MAGDA in postpartum women with a prior history of gestational diabetes: A change in microsystem level

The research reported in this paper is a project of the Australian Primary Health Care Research Institute which is supported by a grant from the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing under the Primary Health Care Research Evaluation and Development Strategy

Industrial Real Estate Prices and Market Efficiency

This study employs a multivariate Granger-causality procedure to examine causal relationships between selected economic and financial variables and industrial real estate prices. Empirical results indicate that relationships between several of these variables' lagged values and current values of price exist. We also find a significant relationship between past and current prices.

What We Mean When We Talk About Adherence In Respiratory Medicine

The Respiratory Effectiveness Group (REG; www.effectivenessevaluation.org) supported the Expert Adherence Panel Meeting at which many of the concepts presented in this paper were first discussed. REG also supported the manuscript submission costs. ALD, EvG, and MdB have received funding from the European Community's 7th Framework (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 282593. Teva supported the meeting costs at which the concepts in this paper were discussed by the co-authors and the open access publication fee for this article. The authors had full editorial control over the ideas presented.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Participation in advanced age: enacting values, an adaptive process

The concept of participation, introduced through models such as the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, has become increasingly important in health and social care. However, it has not been consistently defined or operationalised and there is very limited research into participation in the context of advanced age and disability. This article reports a study which explored participation from the perspectives of community-living people aged over 80 years with physical rehabilitation needs. Using a grounded theory methodology, 11 participants aged 81-96 years were recruited from a National Health Service Trust in the United Kingdom. The main finding was that participation was experienced as the enacting of values. Values provided the motivation for specific ways of participating in life, guided actions and behaviours, and were the means through which participation was interpreted. Commonly enacted values were: connecting with others; maintaining autonomy; affirming abilities; doing the best you can; being useful; maintaining self-identity; and pursuing interests. A process was evident whereby participation was challenged by deteriorating health and losses and the participants adapted (or not) to overcome these challenges. To promote participation in advanced age, health and social care policy and practice must consider the values important to older people. Interventions should be congruent with these values and promote strategies through which they can be enacted

Response of the mantle to flat slab evolution: Insights from local splitting beneath Peru

The dynamics of flat subduction, particularly the interaction between a flat slab and the overriding plate, are poorly understood. Here we study the (seismically) anisotropic properties and deformational regime of the mantle directly above the Peruvian flat slab. We analyze shear wave splitting from 370 local S events at 49 stations across southern Peru. We find that the mantle above the flat slab appears to be anisotropic, with modest average delay times (~0.28?s) that are consistent with ~4% anisotropy in a ~30?km thick mantle layer. The most likely mechanism is the lattice-preferred orientation of olivine, which suggests that the observed splitting pattern preserves information about the mantle deformation. We observe a pronounced change in anisotropy along strike, with predominately trench-parallel fast directions in the north and more variable orientations in the south, which we attribute to the ongoing migration of the Nazca Ridge through the flat slab system

Effectiveness of lifestyle-based weight loss interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Aims: To provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of recent evidence on the effectiveness of lifestyle-based weight loss interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes