Conceptual learning : the priority for higher education

The common sense notion of learning as the all-pervasive acquisition of new behaviour and knowledge, made vivid by experience, is an incomplete characterisation, because it assumes that the learning of behaviour and the learning of knowledge are indistinguishable, and that acquisition constitutes learning without reference to transfer. A psychological level of analysis is used to argue that conceptual learning should have priority in higher education

Teachers’ Beliefs About Knowledge of Teaching and Their Impact on Teaching Practices: The Role of Beliefs in the Classroom

This study investigated secondary school mathematics teachers’ beliefs about knowledge of teaching and its impact on their teaching practices. Two teachers participated in the study. Data were collected through an interview and classroom observations. The results indicated that the teachers’ beliefs about the goal of mathematics education and about the importance of teachers’ understanding the way students think about certain mathematics subjects had impact on their teaching practices. However, the teachers’ teaching practices were also affected by the students

A STUDY OF THE SELF-ASSEMBLY PROCESS IN VITRO OF THREE SPHERICAL PLANT VIRUSES

Abstract not availabl

Analysis of in vitro Translation of Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus RNA: Inhibition of Proteolytic Processing by Antiserum to the 49K Nuclear Inclusion Protein

In vitro translation of bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) RNA in rabbit reticulocyte lysate without dithiothreitol (DTT) resulted in the accumulation of high M r products. These were readily processed to low M r mature proteins after the addition of DTT followed by a 2 h incubation. Immunoprecipitation analyses of the partially processed high M r products with antisera to the 49K and 54K nuclear inclusion (NI) proteins, cylindrical inclusion (CI) protein, tobacco vein mottling virus helper component (HC) protein and capsid protein (CP) resolved the following BYMV RNA genome map: 5′ end, 32K unidentified protein, 48K HC, 42K unidentified protein, 73K CI, 49K NI, 54K NI, 32K CP, 3′ end. The addition of the 49K NI protein antiserum inhibited the proteolytic processing of the high M r translation products. The inhibition of processing was diminished by diluting the 49K NI antiserum or by adding purified 49K NI protein. Preimmune serum or the antisera to the 54K NI, CI and capsid proteins were not as effective in inhibiting the proteolytic processing. These results provide evidence that the 49K NI protein or a related protein may have a protease function in the processing of the potyvirus polyproteins

Método simples e confiável para avaliação de plantas de fumo transgênicas

Even though much improvement has been made in plant transformation methods, the screening of transgenic plants is often a laborious work. Most approaches for detecting the transgene in transformed plants are still time-consuming, and can be quite expensive. The objective of this study was to search for a simpler method to screen for transgenic plants. The infiltration of kanamycin (100 mg/mL) into tobacco leaves resulted in conspicuous chlorotic spots on the non-transgenic plant leaves, while no spots were seen on the leaves of transformed plants. This reaction occurred regardless of age of the tested plants, and the method has proven to be simple, fast, non-destructive, relatively cheap, and reliable. These results were comparable to those obtained by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the transgene using specific primers.Apesar do grande desenvolvimento observado na área de transformação de plantas, a avaliação de plantas transgênicas ainda é difícil de ser realizada. Os métodos mais comuns de detecção do transgene em plantas transformadas ainda são demorados e de alto custo. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar um método simples de avaliação de plantas de fumo transgênicas. Para isso, 100 mg/mL de canamicina foi infiltrada em folhas de fumo, resultando no aparecimento de manchas cloróticas nas folhas de plantas não-transgênicas e nenhuma mancha nas folhas de plantas transformadas. Essa reação ocorreu independentemente da idade das plantas testadas e evidenciou a simplicidade, rapidez, confiabilidade e baixo custo do método. Os resultados foram comparáveis aos obtidos por amplificações do transgene, utilizando-se primers específicos, por meio da reação da polimerase em cadeia (PCR)