REVIEW: Human immunodeficiency virus and the anorectum

No Abstract

A Rare Cause of Sub-Acute Proximal Intestinal Obstruction Due to Annular Pancreas

Background: Annular pancreas is a rare congenital anomaly due to an abnormal fusion between the tip of the ventral pancreatic bud and the duodenum at about the 7th gestational week and, presenting usually with symptoms due to duodenal obstruction. We report a case of a 2- year old girl who presented electively for investigations of symptoms of a sub-acute proximal intestinal obstruction. Investigations revealed a partial duodenal obstruction and an exploratory laparatomy surprisingly showed a partially obstructing annular pancreas for which she underwent a bypass procedure. A precise preoperative diagnosis of annular pancreas can be difficult without good imaging and the diagnosis and surgical management decision may only be made at laparatomy. Children with atypical or mild symptoms of intestinal obstruction associated with failure to thrive should be investigated fully for a probable mechanical cause.Keywords: Annular pancreas, Duodenal obstruction, Surgical bypas

A Critical Review on HIV/AIDS and Wound Care

Wound infections in AIDS patients increase discomfort, prolong hospital stay, render an additional burden upon an already debilitated patient and weaken the immune system further. Treatment must relate to the aetiology of the wound and take into account the patients underlying health problems. The treatment of wounds in HIV-AIDS patients is not different from the standard treatment. There are wound -related criteria for selecting the appropriate types of dressing. The best dressing for postoperative wound healing by secondary intention is unknown. Continuing wound evaluation and the appraisal of what dressing is useful for the type of wound and stage of healing is the basis of optimum wound care Optimum wound care, emotional support; health education will enhance both the emotional and physical wellbeing of the HIV-AIDS patient.Key words: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), wound infection, delayed wound healing, optimum wound care, dressing types, nutrition, and pain contro

Atypical small bowel obstruction following repair of inguinal hernia: a case of intestinal stenosis of garré.

We here report an atypical case of small bowel obstruction ten days following repair of an inguinal hernia that had been recurrently reduced. A preoperative diagnosis of this rare intestinal stenosis of Garré is difficult, and was based on the clinical, operative and pathological findings. Forced reduction of a hernia is not recommended because of the risk of rendering its contents ischaemic with subsequent fibrotic stenosis, or reducing a strangulated bowel into the abdominal cavity with subsequent perforation and peritonitis

A rare cause of sub-acute proximal intestinal obstruction due to annular pancreas in a low-income setting.

Annular pancreas (AP) is a rare congenital anomaly due to an abnormal fusion between the tip of the ventral pancreatic bud and the duodenum at about the 7th gestational week and usually presents with symptoms due to duodenal obstruction. We here report a case of a 2-year-old girl who presented for investigations of symptoms of a subacute proximal intestinal obstruction. Investigations revealed a partial duodenal obstruction and an exploratory laparotomy showed a partially obstructing annular pancreas for which she underwent a bypass procedure. A precise preoperative diagnosis of annular pancreas can be difficult without computerized tomography (CT) imaging and the diagnosis and surgical management decision may only be made at laparotomy. Children with atypical or mild symptoms of intestinal obstruction associated with failure to thrive should be investigated fully for a mechanical cause