Bromacil, Ecological Risk Assessment, Final Report

The Bureau of Land Management (BLM), United States Department of the Interior (USDI), is proposing a program to treat vegetation on up to six million acres of public lands annually in 17 western states in the continental United States (US) and Alaska. As part of this program, the BLM is proposing the use of ten herbicide active ingredients (a.i.) to control invasive plants and noxious weeds on approximately one million of the six million acres proposed for treatment. The BLM and its contractor, ENSR, are preparing a Vegetation Treatments Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) to evaluate this and other proposed vegetation treatment methods and alternatives on lands managed by the BLM in the western continental US and Alaska. In support of the EIS, this Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) evaluates the potential risks to the environment that would result from the use of the herbicide bromacil, including risks to rare, threatened, and endangered (RTE) plant and animal species. One of the BLM\u27s highets priorities is to promote ecosystem health, and one of the greatest obstacles to achieving this goal is the rapid expansion of invasive plants can dominate and often cause permanent damage to natural plant communities. If not eradicated or controlled, invasive plants will jeopardize the health of public lands and the activities that occur on them. Herbicides are one method employed by the BLM to control these plants

Chlorsulfuron, Ecological Risk Assessment, Final Report

The Bureau of Land Management (BLM), United States Department of the Interior (USDI), proposing a program to treat vegetation on up to six million acres of public lands annually in 17 western states in the continental United States (US) and Alaska. As part of this program, the BLM is proposing the use of ten herbicide active ingredients (a.i.) to control invasive plants and noxious weeds on approximately one million of the 6 million acres proposed for treatment. The BLM and its contractor, ENSR, are preparing a Vegetation Treatments Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) to evaluate this and other proposed vegetation treatment methods and alternatives on lands managed by the BLM in the western continental US and Alaska. In support of the EIS, this Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) evaluates the potential risks to the environment that would result from the use of the herbicide chlorsulfuron, including risks to rare, threatened, and endangered (RTE) plant and animal species. One of the BLM\u27s highest priorities is to promote ecosystem health, and one of the greatest obstacles to achieving this goal is the rapid expansion of invasive plants (including noxious weeds and other plants not native to the region) across public lands. These invasive plants can dominate and often cause permanent damage to natural plant communities. If not eradicated or controlled, invasive plants will jeopardize the health of public lands and the activities that occur on them. Herbicides are one method employed by the BLM to control these plants

Fluridone Ecological Risk Assessment, Final Report

The Bureau of Land Management (BLM), United States Department of the Interior (USDI), is proposing a program to treat vegetation on up to six million acres of public lands annually in 17 western states in the continental United States (U.S.) and Alaska. As part of this program, the BLM is proposing the use of ten herbicide active ingredients (a.i.) to control invasive plants and noxious weeds on approximately one million of the 6 million acres proposed for treatment. The BLM and its contracto, ENSR, are preparing a Vegetation Treatments Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) to evaluate this and other proposed vegetation treatment methods and alternatives on lands managed by the BLM in the western continental US and Alaska. In support of the EIS, this Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) evaluates the potential risks to the environment that would result from the use of the herbicide fluridone, including risks to rare, threatened, and endangered (RTE) plant and animal species. One of the BLM\u27s highest priorities is to promote ecosystem health, and one of the greatest obstacles to achieving this goal is the rapid expansion of invasive plants (including noxious weeds and other plants not native to the region) across public lands. These invasive plants can dominate and often cause permanent damage to natural plant communities. If not eradicated or controlled, invasive plants will jeopardize the health of public lands and the activities that occur on them. Herbicides are one method employed by the BLM to control these plants

Reno, Nevada Imazapic Ecological Risk Assessment: Final Report

The Bureau of Land Management (BLM), United States Department of the Interior (USDI), is proposing a program to treat vegetation on up to six million acres of public lands annually in 17 western states in the continental United States (U.S.) and Alaska. The primary objectives of the proposed program include fuels management, weed control, and fish and wildlife habitat restoration. Vegetation would be managed using five primary vegetation treatment methods: mechanical, manual, biological, chemical, and prescribed fire. The BLM and its contractor, ENSR, are preparing a Vegetation Treatments Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) to evaluate the effects of the proposed vegetation treatment methods and alternatives on lands managed by the BLM in the western continental U.S. and Alaska (ENSR 2004a). As part of the EIS, several ERAs and a Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA; ENSR 2004b) were conducted on several herbicides used, or proposed for use, by the BLM. These risk assessments evaluated the potential risks to the environment and human health from exposure to these herbicides both during and after treatment of public lands. For the ERAs, the herbicide a.i. evaluated were tebuthiuron, diuron, bromacil, chlorsulfuron, sulfometuron methyl, diflufenzopyr, Overdrive® (a mix of dicamba and diflufenzopyr), imazapic, diquat, and fluridone. The HHRA evaluated the risks to humans from only six a.i. (sulfometuron-methyl, imazapic, diflufenzopyr, dicamba, diquat, and fluridone) because the other a.i. were already quantitatively evaluated in previous EISs (e.g., USDI BLM 1991). [Note that in the HHRA, Overdrive® was evaluated as its two separate components, dicamba and diflufenzopyr, as these two a.i. have different toxicological endpoints, indicating that their effects on human health are not additive.] The purpose of this document is to summarize results of the ERA for the herbicide imazapic

Sulfometuron Methyl Ecological Risk Assessment, Final Report

The Bureau of Land Management (BLM), United States Department of the Interior (USDI), is proposing a program to treat vegetation on up to six million acres of public lands annually in 17 western states in the continental United States (U.S.) and Alaska. As part of this program, the BLM is proposing the use of ten herbicide active ingredients (a.i.) to control invasive plants and noxious weeds on approximately one million of the six million acres proposed for treatment. The BLM and its contractor, ENSR, are preparing a Vegetation Treatments Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) to evaluate this and other proposed vegetation treatment methods and alternatives on lands managed by the BLM in the western continental U.S. and Alaska. In support of the EIS, this Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) evaluates the potential risks to the environment that would result from the use of the herbicide sulfometuron methyl, including risks to RTE plant and animal species. One of the BLM’s highest priorities is to promote ecosystem health, and one of the greatest obstacles to achieving this goal is the rapid expansion of invasive plants (including noxious weeds and other plants not native to the region) across public lands. These invasive plants can dominate and often cause permanent damage to natural plant communities. If not eradicated or controlled, invasive plants will jeopardize the health of public lands and the activities that occur on them. Herbicides are one method employed by the BLM to control these plants

Tebuthiuron Ecological Risk Assessment

The Bureau of Land Management (BLM), United States Department of the Interior (USDI), is proposing a program to treat vegetation on up to six million acres of public lands annually in 17 western states in the continental United States (U.S.) and Alaska. As part of this program, the BLM is proposing the use of ten herbicide active ingredients (a.i.) to control invasive plants and noxious weeds on approximately one million of the 6 million acres proposed for treatment. The BLM and its contractor, ENSR, are preparing a Vegetation Treatments Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) to evaluate this and other proposed vegetation treatment methods and alternatives on lands managed by the BLM in the western continental U.S. and Alaska. In support of the EIS, this Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) evaluates the potential risks to the environment that would result from the use of the herbicide tebuthiuron, including risks to rare, threatened, and endangered (RTE) plant and animal species. One of the BLM’s highest priorities is to promote ecosystem health, and one of the greatest obstacles to achieving this goal is the rapid expansion of invasive plants (including noxious weeds and other plants not native to the region) across public lands. These invasive plants can dominate and often cause permanent damage to natural plant communities. If not eradicated or controlled, invasive plants will jeopardize the health of public lands and the activities that occur on them. Herbicides are one method employed by the BLM to control these plants

Social Entrepreneurship.

As with profit orientated entrepreneurs, social entrepreneurs apply new perspectives or innovations and change what things or services are produced, how they are produced and/or how their organisations operate. There have been many such social entrepreneurs and innovators down the ages. This chapter considers social entrepreneurship, community businesses, co-operatives and public entrepreneurship

Environmental Assessment: Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District (SRP): Kyrene Expansion Project: Tempe, Arizona

SRP is proposing to construct, own, and operate the Kyrene Expansion Project (KEP), which would expand the energy producing capacity of its existing Kyrene Generating Station in Tempe, Arizona. The proposed facility would consist of one natural gas-fired combined cycle system (stationary combustion turbine, stationary steam turbine, and heat recovery steam generator [HRSG]); one diesel-fired emergency fire water pump; one mechanical draft cooling tower; and associated water supply, water discharge, and natural gas pipelines.