THE POSITION OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY

The article analyzes the current role of nurses in the world and presents the position of the World Health Organization concerning nursing on the basis of the basic documents on this issue over the last 10 years. Key words: nursing, nurses, public health organization, World Health Organization, policy documents

"symbols of common meaning" in the sound implementation of texts in far eastern culture

The article is devoted to how sound is perceived as a kind of independent cultural category in different civilizational systems and is symbolically identified in different ways. Using the example of the musical culture of the Far East countries, the authors analyze the so-called “Symbols of Common Meaning” that have developed in this civilization, which underlie the construction of ritual and secular classical musical texts — that is generally called “musical thinking”. © 2021, Rossiiskaya Akademiya Nauk, Institut Istorii (Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of General Hist. All rights reserved

ПОЗИЦИЯ ВСЕМИРНОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ ПО РАЗВИТИЮ СЕСТРИНСКОГО ДЕЛА И АКУШЕРСТВА

The article analyzes the current role of nurses in the world and presents the position of the World Health Organization concerning nursing on the basis of the basic documents on this issue over the last 10 years. Key words: nursing, nurses, public health organization, World Health Organization, policy documents.В статье проанализирована современная роль медсестер в мире и представлена позиция Всемирной организации здравоохранения в области сестринского дела на базе основных документов по этому вопросу за последние 10 лет. Ключевые слова: сестринское дело, медицинские сестры, организация здравоохранения, Всемирная организация здравоохранения, политические документы. (Педиатрическая фармакология. — 2011; 8 (5): 149–152

Water Contaminated Fresh Tephra as a Natural Hazard Factor: the 2008-2009 Eruption of Koryakskii Volcano, Kamchatka

Abstract-This study is the first to show, using data from the eruption of Koryakskii Volcano, Kamchatka that began in December 2008 and continued through 2009 that the water in permanent and temporary streams that start on the slopes of the volcanic cone and in temporary lakes when contaminated with fresh tephra is a specific hazard factor related to long-continued hydrothemial-phreatic eruptions on that volcano. This water is characterized by increased acidity (pH 4.1-4.35) and large amounts (up to 50-100 cm /liter) of solid suspension and is unfit for drinking and irrigation. When combined with tephra, it probably produced mass destruction of a number of animals who lived on the slopes and at the base of the volcano. The water contaminated with tephra is an important component of the atmospheric mud tlows occurring on Koryakskii Volcano; for several future years it will be a potential source for enhancing the acidity of ground water in the volcanic edifice