Presence of nitrites, nitrates, nitrosamines in the eggs of Intensively raised layers in Abeokuta, Nigeria

In this study, the presence and concentrations of nitrosamines and their precursors  (nitrates and nitrites) in raw table eggs obtained from four layer-farms in Abeokuta,  were analysed. Nitrosamines are highly toxic and carcinogenic group of chemicals that have the potential to be formed in the body through a process called nitrosation.  Nitrates and nitrites react under acidic and /or high temperature conditions with  nitrosable substrates usually secondary amines to form several of hundreds of  N-nitroso amine compounds known. A spectrophotometric method was used to assay for nitrosamines and their precursors in eggs (n=5 from each farm), entailing separate analysis of each egg yolk and albumen. The three compounds measured, were detected in all the samples. The nitrates and nitrites levels were significantly higher in the yolk than in the albumen (P<0.05). However, there was no significant correlation observed between the levels of nitrosamines and its precursors in the eggs (P<0.05). Findings from this study reveals that nitrosamines and their precursors are present in eggs from these layer farms. These compounds can be potentially toxic, thus constituting a hazard to human and animal health.Key words: Carcinogenesis, eggs, layers, nitrates, nitrites, nitrosamines

Évaporation de l'acide cianhydrique et de ses dérivés pendant le séchage du manioc au soleil

Réunion: Symposium triennal sur les plantes-racines de la Société internationale pour les plantes-racines tropicales - Direction Afrique, 8-12 sept. 1980, Ibadan, NGDans IDL-471

Loss of hydrocyanic acid and its derivatives during sun drying of cassava

Meeting: Root Crops Symposium, 1st, 8-12 Sept. 1980, Ibadan, NGIn IDL-271

Original Article - FORMATION OF TOXIC NITROSAMINE AS A COMPLICATION OF PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA ASSOCIATED WITH URINARY TRACT INFECTION AND URINARY RETENTION

The formation of urinary dimethylinitrosamine [DMN] in male patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia [BPH] associated with urinary Tract infection [UTI] was investigated in patients presenting with Klebsiella species infected bladder secondary to [UR]. Specimens from the patients were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively for DMN while blood samples from the same patients were investigated for the activities of common liver enzymes such as alanine transaminase [ALT] and alkaline phosphatase [ALP]. Blood analysis for bilirubin, albumin, total protein content and for creatinine were also carried out. The results obtained in the infected subjects (when compared with those of a healthy group) showed significant mean values of DMN, ALP, AST as 0.12± 0.09mgNO2/L; 36 ± 1.7iu/L; 7i.u/L respectively (P < 0.05). The values obtained for bilirubin, albumin, total protein, creatinine and ALT were not significantly different from those of control subjects

Dietary vitamin D ameliorates hepatic oxidative stress and inflammatory effects of diethylnitrosamine in rats

The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Its implication in inflammation has suggested a possible link between oxidative stress and activation/release of cytokines in precancerous states. Recent observational studies have suggested an association between inflammation and vitamin D deficiency; hence, suggesting that vitamin D could play a role in the pathogenesis of diseases. This study examined the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of vitamin D in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in rats. Rats were divided into four experimental groups. While groups one and two were administered twice weekly with 30 mg/kg body weight DEN for six weeks, groups three and four were given normal saline. Groups one and three were fed with vitamin D deficient diet, while groups two and four were fed vitamin D diet during the experiment. After that, biomarkers of oxidative stress status were assayed spectrophotometrically. The concentration of inflammatory cytokines was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). DEN-induced vitamin D deficient diet group had increased antioxidant enzymes� activities. Also, there were elevated concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and inflammatory cytokines in the same group. Vitamin D diet, however, reduced oxidative stress effects through the reduction in the activities of TBARS and caused a significant (p < 0.05) increase in nitric oxide concentration. Vitamin D diet significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the level of interleukin 1β and TNF-α produced in the deficiency state. These findings show that vitamin D may play an essential role in the regulation of hepatic oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. © 2020 The Authors Nutrition; Biochemistry; Toxicology; Diet; Vitamin D, Antioxidant, Oxidative stress, Inflammation, Anti-inflammation, Diethylnitrosamine. © 2020 The Author