142 research outputs found
Bergmann-Thomson energy-momentum complex for solutions more general than the Kerr-Schild class
In a very well-known paper, Virbhadra's research group proved that the
Weinberg, Papapetrou, Landau and Lifshitz, and Einstein energy-momentum
complexes ``coincide'' for all metrics of Kerr-Schild class. A few years later,
Virbhadra clarified that this ``coincidence'' in fact holds for metrics more
general than the Kerr-Schild class. In the present paper, this study is
extended for the Bergmann-Thomson complex and it is proved that this complex
also ``coincides'' with those complexes for a more general than the Kerr-Schild
class metric.Comment: RevTex, 12 page
On the energy of charged black holes in generalized dilaton-axion gravity
In this paper we calculate the energy distribution of some charged black
holes in generalized dilaton-axion gravity. The solutions correspond to charged
black holes arising in a Kalb-Ramond-dilaton background and some existing
non-rotating black hole solutions are recovered in special cases. We focus our
study to asymptotically flat and asymptotically non-flat types of solutions and
resort for this purpose to the M{\o}ller prescription. Various aspects of
energy are also analyzed.Comment: LaTe
Palaeoproterozoic magnesite: lithological and isotopic evidence for playa/sabkha environments
Magnesite forms a series of 1- to 15-m-thick beds within the approximate to2.0 Ga (Palaeoproterozoic) Tulomozerskaya Formation, NW Fennoscandian Shield, Russia. Drillcore material together with natural exposures reveal that the 680-m-thick formation is composed of a stromatolite-dolomite-'red bed' sequence formed in a complex combination of shallow-marine and non-marine, evaporitic environments. Dolomite-collapse breccia, stromatolitic and micritic dolostones and sparry allochemical dolostones are the principal rocks hosting the magnesite beds. All dolomite lithologies are marked by delta C-13 values from +7.1 parts per thousand to +11.6 parts per thousand (V-PDB) and delta O-18 ranging from 17.4 parts per thousand to 26.3 parts per thousand (V-SMOW). Magnesite occurs in different forms: finely laminated micritic; stromatolitic magnesite; and structureless micritic, crystalline and coarsely crystalline magnesite. All varieties exhibit anomalously high delta C-13 values ranging from +9.0 parts per thousand to +11.6 parts per thousand and delta O-18 values of 20.0-25.7 parts per thousand. Laminated and structureless micritic magnesite forms as a secondary phase replacing dolomite during early diagenesis, and replaced dolomite before the major phase of burial. Crystalline and coarsely crystalline magnesite replacing micritic magnesite formed late in the diagenetic/metamorphic history. Magnesite apparently precipitated from sea water-derived brine, diluted by meteoric fluids. Magnesitization was accomplished under evaporitic conditions (sabkha to playa lake environment) proposed to be similar to the Coorong or Lake Walyungup coastal playa magnesite. Magnesite and host dolostones formed in evaporative and partly restricted environments; consequently, extremely high delta C-13 values reflect a combined contribution from both global and local carbon reservoirs. A C- 13-rich global carbon reservoir (delta C-13 at around +5 parts per thousand) is related to the perturbation of the carbon cycle at 2.0 Ga, whereas the local enhancement in C-13 (up to +12 parts per thousand) is associated with evaporative and restricted environments with high bioproductivity
Energy and Momentum Densities Associated with Solutions Exhibiting Directional Type Singularities
We obtain the energy and momentum densities of a general static axially
symmetric vacuum space-time described by the Weyl metric, using Landau-Lifshitz
and Bergmann-Thomson energy-momentum complexes. These two definitions of the
energy-momentum complex do not provide the same energy density for the
space-time under consideration, while give the same momentum density. We show
that, in the case of Curzon metric which is a particular case of the Weyl
metric, these two definitions give the same energy only when .
Furthermore, we compare these results with those obtained using Einstein,
Papapetrou and M{\o}ller energy momentum complexes.Comment: 10 pages, references added, minor corrections [Admin note:
substantial overlap with gr-qc/0403097 , gr-qc/0403039
Energy Contents of Some Well-Known Solutions in Teleparallel Gravity
In the context of teleparallel equivalent to General Relativity, we study
energy and its relevant quantities for some well-known black hole solutions.
For this purpose, we use the Hamiltonian approach which gives reasonable and
interesting results. We find that our results of energy exactly coincide with
several prescriptions in General Relativity. This supports the claim that
different energy-momentum prescriptions can give identical results for a given
spacetime. We also evaluate energy-momentum flux of these solutions.Comment: 16 pages, accepted for publication in Astrophys. Space Sc
Enhancing the computation of distributed shortest paths on real dynamic networks
International audienceThe problem of finding and updating shortest paths in distributed networks is considered crucial in today's practical applications. In the recent past, there has been a renewed interest in devising new efficient distance-vector algorithms as an attractive alternative to link-state solutions for large-scale Ethernet networks, in which scalability and reliability are key issues or the nodes can have limited storage capabilities. In this paper we present Distributed Computation Pruning (DCP), a new technique, which can be combined with every distance-vector routing algorithm based on shortest paths, allowing to reduce the total number of messages sent by that algorithm and its space occupancy per node. To check its effectiveness, we combined DCP with DUAL (Diffuse Update ALgorithm), one of the most popular distance-vector algorithm in the literature, which is part of CISCO's widely used EIGRP protocol, and with the recently introduced LFR (Loop Free Routing) which has been shown to have good performances on real networks. We give experimental evidence that these combinations lead to a significant gain both in terms of number of messages sent and memory requirements per node
Volume element structure and roton-maxon-phonon excitations in superfluid helium beyond the Gross-Pitaevskii approximation
We propose a theory which deals with the structure and interactions of volume
elements in liquid helium II. The approach consists of two nested models linked
via parametric space. The short-wavelength part describes the interior
structure of the fluid element using a non-perturbative approach based on the
logarithmic wave equation; it suggests the Gaussian-like behaviour of the
element's interior density and interparticle interaction potential. The
long-wavelength part is the quantum many-body theory of such elements which
deals with their dynamics and interactions. Our approach leads to a unified
description of the phonon, maxon and roton excitations, and has noteworthy
agreement with experiment: with one essential parameter to fit we reproduce at
high accuracy not only the roton minimum but also the neighboring local maximum
as well as the sound velocity and structure factor.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure
Adiabatic following criterion, estimation of the nonadiabatic excitation fraction and quantum jumps
An accurate theory describing adiabatic following of the dark, nonabsorbing
state in the three-level system is developed. An analytical solution for the
wave function of the particle experiencing Raman excitation is found as an
expansion in terms of the time varying nonadiabatic perturbation parameter. The
solution can be presented as a sum of adiabatic and nonadiabatic parts. Both
are estimated quantitatively. It is shown that the limiting value to which the
amplitude of the nonadiabatic part tends is equal to the Fourier component of
the nonadiabatic perturbation parameter taken at the Rabi frequency of the
Raman excitation. The time scale of the variation of both parts is found. While
the adiabatic part of the solution varies slowly and follows the change of the
nonadiabatic perturbation parameter, the nonadiabatic part appears almost
instantly, revealing a jumpwise transition between the dark and bright states.
This jump happens when the nonadiabatic perturbation parameter takes its
maximum value.Comment: 33 pages, 8 figures, submitted to PRA on 28 Oct. 200
Engineering a new loop-free shortest paths routing algorithm
International audienceWe present LFR (Loop Free Routing), a new loop-free distance vector routing algorithm, which is able to update the shortest paths of a distributed network with n nodes in fully dynamic scenarios. If Phi is the total number of nodes affected by a set of updates to the network, and phi is the maximum number of destinations for which a node is affected, then LFR requires O(Phi*Delta) messages and O(n + phi*Delta) space per node, where Delta is the maximum degree of the nodes of the network. We experimentally compare LFR with DUAL, one of the most popular loop-free distance vector algorithms, which is part of CISCO's EIGRP protocol and requires O(Phi*Delta) messages and Θ(n*Delta) space per node. The experiments are based on both real-world and artificial instances and show that LFR is always the best choice in terms of memory require- ments, while in terms of messages LFR outperforms DUAL on real-world instances, whereas DUAL is the best choice on artificial instances
Energy Distribution for Non-commutative Radiating Schwarzschild Black Holes
The aim of this article is the calculation of the energy-momentum for a
non-commutative radiating Schwarzschild black hole in order to obtain the
expressions for energy. We make the calculations with the Einstein and M\oller
prescriptions. We show that the expressions for energy in both the
prescriptions depend on the mass , parameter and radial coordinate.
We make some comparisons between the results. Our results show that the
Einstein prescription is a more powerful concept than the M\oller prescription.Comment: 5 pages and 6 figures. Revised version submitted in Int.J.Theor.Phys.
after minor revisio
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