New markers: Urine xanthine oxidase and myeloperoxidase in the early detection of urinary tract infection

PubMedID: 24591758Objectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate if xanthine oxidase and myeloperoxidase levels quantitation method may alternate routine culture method, which takes more time in the diagnosis of urinary tract infections. Material and Methods. Five hundred and forty-nine outpatients who had admitted to Clinic Microbiology Laboratory were included in the study. The microorganisms were identified by using VITEK System. The urine specimens that were negative from the quantitative urine culture were used as controls. The activities of MPO and XO in spot urine were measured by spectrophotometric method. Results. Through the urine cultures, 167 bacteria were isolated from 163 urine specimens; 386 cultures yielded no bacterial growth. E. coli was the most frequent pathogen. In infection with E. coli both XO and MPO levels were increased the most. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for XO were 100%, 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. These values for MPO were 87%, 100%, 100%, and 94%, respectively. Conclusion. These data obtained suggest that urine XO and MPO levels may be new markers in the early detection of UTI. © 2014 Pinar Ciragil et al

The determination of biochemical indicators (Biomarkers) in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the physico-chemical parameters of the Ceyhan River (Adana-Turkey) [Ceyhan Nehri (Adana-Türkiye)'nin fiziko-kimyasal parametrelerine karşı doga sazan (Cyprinus carpio)'inda biyokimyasal İndikatörler (Biyomarkerlar)'in belirlenmesi]

In this study, the levels of pollution in the Ceyhan River (Turkey), subjected to agricultural and industrial pollution, and the effects of these pollutants on the gill and liver tissues, used as biomarkers of Cyprinus carpio were analyzed. Water and fish samples were taken from the polluted region of the Ceyhan River (station II; polluted region) and from the area under the crest of the Aslantaş Dam (station I; control region) located on the same river. The research was carried out during the summer months and 40 fish from each region were studied. The physico-chemical parameters indicated that the water at station II had higher chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrate, nitrite, pH, and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) than at station I. The biomarkers examined in the liver and gill tissues of the carp were superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) as well as glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO). The activities of CAT, G6PD, GST and GSH were observed by the high levels in the liver tissues of the fish in the polluted region. Also, SOD and LPO amounts (P<0.05 in gill and liver) were also detected as substantially high in the contaminated region

Evaluation of local trace element status and 8-Iso-prostaglandin F2? concentrations in patients with Tinea pedis

Background: Tinea pedis (TP) is an infection of the feet caused by fungi. The infectious diseases caused by dermatophytes are mainly related to the enzymes produced by these fungi. Up to the now, the local 8-iso-prostaglandin F2? (8-iso-PGF2?), concentration as oxidative stress biomarker and trace elements status have not been published in patients with TP. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between oxidative stress and trace elements (Cu, Zn, Se), and to evaluate the ratios of Cu/Zn and Cu/Se in this disorder. Methods: Forty-three consecutive patients with a diagnosis of unilateral interdigital TP were enrolled in this study. The samples were obtained by scraping the skin surface. 8-iso-PGF2? concentrations in scraping samples were determined by ELISA. In addition, the levels of Se, Zn and Cu in scraping samples were determined on flame and furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer using Zeeman background correction. Results: Oxidative stress was confirmed by the significant elevation in 8-iso-PGF2? concentrations (p &lt; 0.05). When compared to non-lesional area, Zn and Se levels were significantly lower on lesional area, whereas Cu levels was higher on the lesional area than the non-lesional area (p &lt; 0.05). In addition, the correlation results of this study were firstly shown that there were significant and positive correlations between Cu and 8-iso-PGF2? parameters, but negative correlations between Se-Cu; Se-8-iso-PGF2? parameters in lesional area. Furthermore, the ratios of Cu/Zn and Cu/Se were significantly higher on the lesional area than the non-lesional area (p &lt; 0.05). According to sex and fungal subtypes, there was no significant difference in the concentrations of 8-iso-PGF2? and trace elements in patients with TP (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusions: Our results showed that there is a possible link between oxidative stress (increased 8-iso-PGF2? concentrations) and imbalanced of trace elements status in lesional area of TP patients. The use of antifungal agents together with both Zn and Se drugs could be helpful in the both regression of disease and in shortening the duration of disease. © 2016 Miraloglu et al