4 research outputs found
Pharmacotherapy for heartburn during pregnancy: Safety of reserve drugs
Objective. To determine how frequently physicians prescribe H2B and PPIs to pregnant women in the Russian Federation (RF). To analyze regulatory documents for the use of drugs in this group in the RF and to make a systems analysis of the data available in the current literature on their safety during pregnancy. Subjects and methods. 332 therapists and 734 obstetricians/gynecologists were interrogated; the information contained in the Russian clinical guidelines, current manuals for obstetricians/gynecologists, Order No. 572н issued by the Ministry of Health of Russia, and medical use instructions were analyzed. Foreign and Russian articles published in the past decade and found in Pubmed on this topic were reviewed. Results. In heartburn, antacids, PPIs, and H2B are prescribed by 75.4, 6.7, and 6.2%, of physicians, respectively. Russian guidelines draw little attention to the safety of reserve drugs used to treat heartburn. The analysis of the instructions has shown that some manufacturers do not allow use of the drugs of this group during pregnancy. Conclusion. The results of recent trials enable one to consider H2B and PPIs to be rather safe agents during pregnancy; however, their clinical application in the RF is limited by the lack of clear clinical recommendations and inconsistency available in different manufacturers’ instructions. © Bionika Media Ltd
Pharmacotherapy for heartburn during pregnancy: Safety of reserve drugs
Objective. To determine how frequently physicians prescribe H2B and PPIs to pregnant women in the Russian Federation (RF). To analyze regulatory documents for the use of drugs in this group in the RF and to make a systems analysis of the data available in the current literature on their safety during pregnancy. Subjects and methods. 332 therapists and 734 obstetricians/gynecologists were interrogated; the information contained in the Russian clinical guidelines, current manuals for obstetricians/gynecologists, Order No. 572н issued by the Ministry of Health of Russia, and medical use instructions were analyzed. Foreign and Russian articles published in the past decade and found in Pubmed on this topic were reviewed. Results. In heartburn, antacids, PPIs, and H2B are prescribed by 75.4, 6.7, and 6.2%, of physicians, respectively. Russian guidelines draw little attention to the safety of reserve drugs used to treat heartburn. The analysis of the instructions has shown that some manufacturers do not allow use of the drugs of this group during pregnancy. Conclusion. The results of recent trials enable one to consider H2B and PPIs to be rather safe agents during pregnancy; however, their clinical application in the RF is limited by the lack of clear clinical recommendations and inconsistency available in different manufacturers’ instructions. © Bionika Media Ltd
Shock wave physics and detonation physics – a stimulus for the emergence of numerous new branches in science and engineering
In the period of the Cold War (1945−1991), Shock Wave Physics and Detonation Physics
(SWP&DP) – until the beginning of WWII mostly confined to gas dynamics, high-speed
aerodynamics, and military technology (such as aero- and terminal ballistics, armor
construction, chemical explosions, supersonic gun, and other firearms developments) –
quickly developed into a large interdisciplinary field by its own. This rapid expansion
was driven by an enormous financial support and two efficient feedbacks: the
Terminal Ballistic Cycle and the Research &
Development Cycle. Basic knowledge in SWP&DP, initially gained
in the Classic Period (from 1808) and further extended in the
Post-Classic Period (from the 1930s to present), is now increasingly
used also in other branches of Science and Engineering (S&E). However, also
independent S&E branches developed, based upon the fundamentals of SWP&DP,
many of those developments will be addressed (see Tab. 2). Thus, shock wave and detonation
phenomena are now studied within an enormous range of dimensions, covering microscopic,
macroscopic, and cosmic dimensions as well as enormous time spans ranging from
nano-/picosecond shock durations (such as produced by ultra-short laser pulses) to shock
durations that continue for centuries (such as blast waves emitted from ancient supernova
explosions). This paper reviews these developments from a historical perspective