Distribution of exogenous 25-hydroxycholesterol in Hep G2 cells between two different pools

AbstractBinding of [26,27-3H]25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC) to human hepatoma Hep G2 cells was saturated within 120 min. Two intracellular pools of 25HC were identified in a pulse-chase experiment: (i) an exchangeable pool which was in dynamic equilibrium with 25HC in the medium (t1/2 of reversible exchange 15 min) and (ii) an unexchangeable pool which remained in cells during incubation in medium containing LPDS. 25HC from the exchangeable pool inhibits cholesterol biosynthesis, decreases the HMG CoA reductase mRNA level and stimulates cholesterol acylation. 25HC from the unexchangeable pool was partially bound to cytosolic proteins and apparently utilized for metabolic transformation. Incubation of Hep G2 cells with [26,27-3H]25HC in the presence of a 30-fold molar excess of 3β-hydroxy-5α-cholest-8(14)-en-15-one was found to cause (i) 2-fold decrease in the binding of [26,27-3H]25HC to cytosolic proteins (sedimentation constant of radioactive complex was 4–5 S) and (ii) the 35% inhibition of 25HC transformation to polar metabolites

О рациональной интерполяции функции |x|α по расширенной системе узлов Чебышева – Маркова

In this paper, we study the approximations of a function |x|α, α > 0 by interpolation rational Lagrange functions on a segment [–1,1]. The zeros of the even Chebyshev – Markov rational functions and a point x = 0 are chosen as the interpolation nodes. An integral representation of an interpolation remainder and an upper bound for the considered uniform approximations are obtained. Based on them, a detailed study is made:a) the polynomial case. Here, the authors come to the famous asymptotic equality of M. N. Hanzburg;b) at a fixed number of geometrically different poles, the upper estimate is obtained for the corresponding uniform approximations, which improves the well-known result of K. N. Lungu;c) when approximating by general Lagrange rational interpolation functions, the estimate of uniform approximations is found and it is shown that at the ends of the segment [–1,1] it can be improved.The results can be applied in theoretical research and numerical methods.  В работе исследуются приближения функции |x|α, α > 0 интерполяционными рациональными функциями Лагранжа на отрезке [–1,1]. В качестве узлов интерполирования выбираются нули четных рациональных функций Чебышева – Маркова и точка x = 0. Получено интегральное представление остатка интерполирования и оценка сверху рассматриваемых равномерных приближений. На их основании подробно изучаются:а) полиномиальный случай; здесь авторы приходят к известному асимптотическому равенству М. Н. Ганзбурга;б) в случае фиксированного числа геометрически различных полюсов получена оценка сверху соответствующих равномерных приближений, улучшающая известный результат К. Н. Лунгу;в) при приближении общими интерполяционными рациональными функциями Лагранжа найдена оценка равномерных приближений и показано, что на концах отрезка [–1,1] ее можно улучшить.Полученные результаты могут быть применены в теоретических исследованиях и численных методах.

Metastases of papillary thyroid carcinoma in the lung: monitoring of practices

Observations of multiple metastases of papillary thyroid cancer in the lung tissue in a patient 42 years. Abnormal formation in the lung discovered by chance during the x-ray screenings, had no clinical manifestations are regarded as disseminated process in the lung of unknown etiology. The diagnosis at histopathological examination of lung tissue obtained by videothoracoscopy with hardware diagnostic biopsy. The data of literature about the features of distant metastases and diagnosis of metastases of papillary carcinoma.Представлено наблюдение множественных метастазов папиллярного рака щитовидной железы в ткани легкого у пациента 42 лет. Диссеминация в легких обнаружена при флюорографическом исследовании, не имела клинических проявлений, расценена как диссеминированный процесс неясной этиологии. Диагноз установлен при морфологическом исследовании материала, полученного путем диагностической видеоторакоскопии с аппаратной биопсией лёгкого. Приведены данные литературы об особенностях отдаленного метастазирования и диагностики метастазов папиллярной карциномы

A case of chronic tophi gout in morbidly obese patient after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding

Currently, increasing attention is being paid to studying the metabolic activity of adipose tissue, a source of biologically active mediators involved in vascular remodeling, immunological and inflammatory reactions. Today obesity is considered not only as independent risk factor of development of chronic noninfectious diseases (such as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus types 2, pathology of a cardiovascular system, malignant neoplasms), but also as a significant predictor of metabolic disorders (dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hyperuricemia), contributes to the early formation of metabolic syndrome and goat. Despite such an obvious problem, the current state of conservative therapy for overweight and obesity remains unsatisfactory. Most of patients, even after successful treatment, have a recurrence of the disease with the restoration of the initial anthropometric indicators or even an increase in body weight. In this regard, currently more widely used surgical methods of correction of obesity. However along with the expected positive effects of treatment bariatric surgery may be accompanied by the development of a number of specific surgical complications and impaired energy metabolism with aggravation of the existing polymorbid pathology. This clinical case demonstrates the association of obesity with the development of metabolic disorders, illustrates the development of severe tophaceous gout in a patient during 2 years after laparoscopic gastric banding. It shows the possible reasons for its debut and reflects the dynamics of the patient’s condition, as well as the nature and characteristics of the course of the joint syndrome in the postoperative period

Multiple Fermi Surfaces in Superconducting Nb-Doped Bi₂Se₃

Topological insulator Bi2Se3 has shown a number of interesting physical properties. Doping Bi2Se3 with copper or strontium has been demonstrated to make the material superconducting and potentially even a topological superconductor. The recent discovery of superconducting niobium-doped Bi2Se3 reveals an exciting new physical phenomenon, the coexistence of superconductivity and magnetic ordering, as well as signatures of an odd-parity p-wave superconducting order. To understand this new phenomenon, a detailed knowledge of the electronic structure is needed. We present an observation of quantum oscillations in the magnetization (the de Haas-van Alphen effect) of Nb-doped Bi2Se3. In the fully superconducting crystal, two distinct orbits are observed, in sharp contrast to Bi2Se3, Cu-doped Bi2Se3, and Sr-doped Bi2Se3. The multiple frequencies observed in our quantum oscillations, combined with our electrical transport studies, indicate the multi-orbit nature of the electronic state of Nb-doped Bi2Se3

Morphometric characteristicsendometrial intraepithelial neoplasiain hyperplastic endometrium

With the help of a computer morphometry of the samples to determine the incidence of endometrial foci EIN innon-recurrent and recurrent endometrial hyperplasia without atypia in hyperplastic endometrium with atypia.145 patientswas examined.The first group consisted of 68 women with a simple form, 2 group - 37 patients with complex form of endometrial hyperplasia without atypia, 3 group -13 patients with recurrent simple form, 4 group -13 patients with complex form of recurrent endometrial hyperplasia without atypia, group 5 - 1 4 women with atypical endometrial hyperplasia.The control group - 20 patients with non-hyperplastic processes in the endometrium.lt was found that women with non-recurrent over hyperplastic process and a simple form of recurrent hyperplasia without atypia no pockets EIN therefore, these patients should not be expected to develop cancer.About half of women with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and more than 3/4 of patients with complex form of recurrent hyperplasia without atypia found all the diagnostic criteria EIN, which requires more radical tactics of patients due to the high risk of developing endometrial cancer.С помощью компьютерной морфометрии в образцах эндометрия определена частота встречаемости очагов ЭИН при нерецидивирующей и рецидивирующей гиперплазии эндометрия без атипии и в гиперпластическом эндометрии с атипией. Обследовано 145 пациенток. Первую группу составили 68 женщин с простой формой, 2 группу ~ 37 больных со сложной формой гиперплазии эндометрия без атипии, 3 группу -13 пациенток с простой формой рецидивирующей, 4 группу -13 больных со сложной формой рецидивирующей гиперплазии эндометрия без атипии, 5 группу -14 женщин с атипичной гиперплазией эндометрия.Группа контроля - 20 пациенток с негиперпластическими процессами в эндометрии. Установлено, что у женщин с нерецидивирующим течением гиперпластического процесса и простой формой рецидивирующей гиперплазии без атипии отсутствует очаги ЭИН, следовательно, у этих пациенток не следует ожидать развития опухолевого процесса. У половины женщин с атипичной гиперплазией эндометрия и более чем у 3/4 пациенток со сложной формой рецидивирующей гиперплазии без атипии обнаружены все диагностические критерии ЭИН, что требует более радикальной тактики ведения больных ввиду высокого риска развития рака эндометрия

Reassessment of disease severity routine laboratory tests in the COVID-19 infection

Introduction. Publications demonstrate some limitations of National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS-2) accuracy in assessment on coronavirus infection severity.The purpose of this study was to determine the value of the patient’s age and routine laboratory parameters in the assessment of patient’s general condition in coronavirus pneumonia and their relation to NEWS-2 scale parameters.Materials and methods. 50 case reports of patients with COVID-19 infection observed in the Sechenov University in January–March 2021 were analyzed. 34 % of patients were males aged 31 to 89 years (average age 55 years) and 66 % — females aged 40 to 91 (mean age 63). The diagnosis of pneumonia was confirmed by computed tomography. NEWS-2 scale total score was assessed.Results. According to the physician’s subjective assessment the condition was significantly more often assessed as moderate and severe. There was only a weak correlation between the blood oxygen saturation and the total NEWS-2 score (r = 0.165, α = 0.1). We found a mild correlation (r = 0.341, α = 0.1) between the patient’s age and NEWS2 score. Among the most significantly interrelated parameters were age, neutrophil count, serum creatinine, CRP, fibrinogen level. Seven interrelated parameters (age, body temperature, blood oxygen saturation, the neutrophils count, creatinine, CRP, fibrinogen), for which a reliable relation with other tests has been shown, were assigned with its special index according to their contribution to the assessment of the overall condition severity. An aggregated score (criterion X) was proposed for assessment of disease severity according to equation. The proportions of mild, moderate, and severe cases according to criterion X were 12 %, 64 % and 24 %.Conclusion. The preliminary results obtained in the study emphasize the importance of routine laboratory tests in assessment of coronavirus infection severity. An evident discrepancy between NEWS-2 score and X criterion may be very important for practice

Rare case of early preclinical morphological diagnostics of anaplastic thyroid cancer: a case report

The observation of anaplastic thyroid cancer in a patient of 60 years old with an established diagnosis of carcinosarcoma of the uterus. Abnormal formation in the thyroid gland was found accidentally during a control examination by the method of combined positron emission and computed tomography (PET / CT) and had no clinical manifestations. The diagnosis is established at pathohistological examination of an operating material - the resected left share of a thyroid gland. The data of literature about the features of diagnosis of anaplastic thyroid cancer.Описано наблюдение анапластического рака щитовидной железы у пациентки 60 лет с установленным диагнозом карциносаркомы тела матки. Образование в щитовидной железе обнаружено случайно при контрольном обследовании методом комбинированной позитронно-эмиссионной и компьютерной томографии (пэт/кт) и не имело клинических проявлений. Диагноз установлен при патогистологическом исследовании операционного материала – резецированной левой доли щитовидной железы. Приведены данные литературы об особенностях диагностики анапластического рака щитовидной железы