40 research outputs found
Finite size scaling for quantum criticality using the finite-element method
Finite size scaling for the Schr\"{o}dinger equation is a systematic approach
to calculate the quantum critical parameters for a given Hamiltonian. This
approach has been shown to give very accurate results for critical parameters
by using a systematic expansion with global basis-type functions. Recently, the
finite element method was shown to be a powerful numerical method for ab initio
electronic structure calculations with a variable real-space resolution. In
this work, we demonstrate how to obtain quantum critical parameters by
combining the finite element method (FEM) with finite size scaling (FSS) using
different ab initio approximations and exact formulations. The critical
parameters could be atomic nuclear charges, internuclear distances, electron
density, disorder, lattice structure, and external fields for stability of
atomic, molecular systems and quantum phase transitions of extended systems. To
illustrate the effectiveness of this approach we provide detailed calculations
of applying FEM to approximate solutions for the two-electron atom with varying
nuclear charge; these include Hartree-Fock, density functional theory under the
local density approximation, and an "exact"' formulation using FEM. We then use
the FSS approach to determine its critical nuclear charge for stability; here,
the size of the system is related to the number of elements used in the
calculations. Results prove to be in good agreement with previous Slater-basis
set calculations and demonstrate that it is possible to combine finite size
scaling with the finite-element method by using ab initio calculations to
obtain quantum critical parameters. The combined approach provides a promising
first-principles approach to describe quantum phase transitions for materials
and extended systems.Comment: 15 pages, 19 figures, revision based on suggestions by referee,
accepted in Phys. Rev.
The XX--model with boundaries. Part I: Diagonalization of the finite chain
This is the first of three papers dealing with the XX finite quantum chain
with arbitrary, not necessarily hermitian, boundary terms. This extends
previous work where the periodic or diagonal boundary terms were considered. In
order to find the spectrum and wave-functions an auxiliary quantum chain is
examined which is quadratic in fermionic creation and annihilation operators
and hence diagonalizable. The secular equation is in general complicated but
several cases were found when it can be solved analytically. For these cases
the ground-state energies are given. The appearance of boundary states is also
discussed and in view to the applications considered in the next papers, the
one and two-point functions are expressed in terms of Pfaffians.Comment: 56 pages, LaTeX, some minor correction
Asymmetric XXZ chain at the antiferromagnetic transition: Spectra and partition functions
The Bethe ansatz equation is solved to obtain analytically the leading
finite-size correction of the spectra of the asymmetric XXZ chain and the
accompanying isotropic 6-vertex model near the antiferromagnetic phase boundary
at zero vertical field. The energy gaps scale with size as and
its amplitudes are obtained in terms of level-dependent scaling functions.
Exactly on the phase boundary, the amplitudes are proportional to a sum of
square-root of integers and an anomaly term. By summing over all low-lying
levels, the partition functions are obtained explicitly. Similar analysis is
performed also at the phase boundary of zero horizontal field in which case the
energy gaps scale as . The partition functions for this case are found
to be that of a nonrelativistic free fermion system. From symmetry of the
lattice model under rotation, several identities between the partition
functions are found. The scaling at zero vertical field is
interpreted as a feature arising from viewing the Pokrovsky-Talapov transition
with the space and time coordinates interchanged.Comment: Minor corrections only. 18 pages in RevTex, 2 PS figure
Spectra of non-hermitian quantum spin chains describing boundary induced phase transitions
The spectrum of the non-hermitian asymmetric XXZ-chain with additional
non-diagonal boundary terms is studied. The lowest lying eigenvalues are
determined numerically. For the ferromagnetic and completely asymmetric chain
that corresponds to a reaction-diffusion model with input and outflow of
particles the smallest energy gap which corresponds directly to the inverse of
the temporal correlation length shows the same properties as the spatial
correlation length of the stationary state. For the antiferromagnetic chain
with both boundary terms, we find a conformal invariant spectrum where the
partition function corresponds to the one of a Coulomb gas with only magnetic
charges shifted by a purely imaginary and a lattice-length dependent constant.
Similar results are obtained by studying a toy model that can be diagonalized
analytically in terms of free fermions.Comment: LaTeX, 26 pages, 1 figure, uses ioplppt.st
Some Exact Results for the Exclusion Process
The asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP) is a paradigm for
non-equilibrium physics that appears as a building block to model various
low-dimensional transport phenomena, ranging from intracellular traffic to
quantum dots. We review some recent results obtained for the system on a
periodic ring by using the Bethe Ansatz. We show that this method allows to
derive analytically many properties of the dynamics of the model such as the
spectral gap and the generating function of the current. We also discuss the
solution of a generalized exclusion process with -species of particles and
explain how a geometric construction inspired from queuing theory sheds light
on the Matrix Product Representation technique that has been very fruitful to
derive exact results for the ASEP.Comment: 21 pages; Proceedings of STATPHYS24 (Cairns, Australia, July 2010
Generalized matrix Ansatz in the multispecies exclusion process - partially asymmetric case
We investigate one of the simplest multispecies generalization of the
asymmetric simple exclusion process on a ring. This process has a rich
combinatorial spectral structure and a matrix product form for the stationary
state. In the totally asymmetric case operators that conjugate the dynamics of
systems with different numbers of species were obtained by the authors and
reported recently. The existence of such nontrivial operators was reformulated
as a representation problem for a specific quadratic algebra (generalized
matrix Ansatz). In the present work, we construct the family of representations
explicitly for the partially asymmetric case. This solution cannot be obtained
by a simple deformation of the totally asymmetric case