6 research outputs found
ΠΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ
Animal experiments are fundamental for the biomedical science. The development of new drugs is always associated with a large number of preclinical experiments in animals. Experimental data make it possible to predict the drug efficacy and safety in humans. There are more than 100 million laboratory animals that are used by researchers every year worldwide. This fact raises a number of concerns regarding the legality and ethical appropriateness of using such a large number of animals. This article discusses the problem of using an unreasonably large number of experimental animals during preclinical drug studies, as well as potential ways of streamlining existing methods used for determining the acute and subacute toxicity of drugs in order to minimize the time of the study and the number of animals used. In addition, we review the problem of systematizing experimental data and potential ways of their standardization in line with the European legislation regulating ethically approved use of animals in experiments.ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠΊ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π° Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ, Π² ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 100 ΠΌΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ². Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π·Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΉ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π² ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅
Ethical implications of preclinical studies
Animal experiments are fundamental for the biomedical science. The development of new drugs is always associated with a large number of preclinical experiments in animals. Experimental data make it possible to predict the drug efficacy and safety in humans. There are more than 100 million laboratory animals that are used by researchers every year worldwide. This fact raises a number of concerns regarding the legality and ethical appropriateness of using such a large number of animals. This article discusses the problem of using an unreasonably large number of experimental animals during preclinical drug studies, as well as potential ways of streamlining existing methods used for determining the acute and subacute toxicity of drugs in order to minimize the time of the study and the number of animals used. In addition, we review the problem of systematizing experimental data and potential ways of their standardization in line with the European legislation regulating ethically approved use of animals in experiments
ACUTE STROKE MODELS USED IN PRECLINICAL RESEARCH
The success of developing new drugs largely depends on the methodology of preclinical research. For developing cerebroprotective drugs, there are many experimental models with different complexity. In this review the most used stroke models are described and characterized, model procedures briefly described, own research experience in utilizing some model methods in establishing efficacy of drugs is also described