(1R,2R,3R,4S,5S)-3-Methyl-8-oxa­bicyclo­[3.2.1]oct-6-ene-2,4-diyl diacetate

The mol­ecule of the title compound, C12H16O5, has crystallographically imposed mirror symmetry with the mirror plane passing through the endocyclic O atom and the mid-point of the double bond. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming chains running along the a axis

3-exo-Chloro-8-oxabicyclo­[3.2.1]oct-6-ene-2,4-diol chloro­form 0.33-solvate

The title compound, 3C7H9ClO3·CHCl3, crystallizes with mol­ecules of 3-exo-chloro-8-oxabicyclo­[3.2.1]oct-6-ene-2,4-diol (A) and chloro­form in a 3:1 ratio, in the space group R3m. Mol­ecules of A straddle a crystallographic mirror plane, whereas the chloro­form mol­ecules (C and H atoms) lie additionally on the threefold axis. The mol­ecules of A are linked into right- and left-helical chains by means of O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, thus forming columns running along the c axis. Six inter­penetrated columns form a channel in which the solvent mol­ecules (chloro­form) are located

Анализ антимикробных метаболитов бактерий Bacillus amyloliquefaciens БИМ B-1125 – основы биопрепарата Бакто-хелс

Antimicrobial metabolites of bacterial strain B. amyloliquefaciens BIM B-1125, the basis of Bacto-health preparation, demonstrating antagonism against the representatives of the opportunistic microbiota of valuable fish species, were isolated and characterized. Extracellular localization of antimicrobial compounds was established; their stability is shown in the temperature range of 50–100 °С and in the pH range of 2–10. The lipopeptide nature of antimicrobial metabolites was shown using thin layer chromatography. The mass spectrometric analysis of the active fraction confirmed the production of lipopeptide metabolites belonging to the iturin and surfactin families (iturin A, iturin A4, iturin A6-A7 isomers, surfactin A, surfactin C, and surfactin B isomers).Выделены и охарактеризованы антимикробные метаболиты штамма бактерий B. amyloliquefaciens БИМ В-1125 – основы пробиотического препарата для профилактики и лечения болезней рыб ценных видов. Установлена экстрацеллюлярная локализация антимикробных соединений; показана их устойчивость в диапазоне температур 50–100 °С и в диапазоне рН 2–10. С помощью тонкослойной хроматографии и жидкостной хроматографиимасс-спектрометрии экспериментально доказана продукция штаммом метаболитов липопептидной природы, относящихся к семейству итурина и сурфактина (итурин А, итурин А4, изомеры итурина А6-А7, сурфактин А, сурфактин С, изомеры сурфактина В)

Функциональная активность нейтрофилов при ожоговом сепсисе

A complex effect of thermal trauma on the immune system triggers the tendency to develop and generalize infection in patients with severe thermal trauma. The phagocytic system, which is represented, first of all, by neutrophilic granulocytes, is significantly altered. Objective: to determine the dynamics of changes in the functional activity of neutrophils in patients with thermal trauma, as well as its prognostic significance in the development of purulent-septic complications of a burn disease. Materials and methods. The functional activity of neutrophils was assessed by spontaneous and induced chemiluminescence responses of whole blood sequentially stimulated with phorbol-12-myristate"13-acetate(PMA) and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). 34 patients with a burn disease of different severity were dynamically examined during observation. Results. The newly developed technique was applied to study the responses of whole blood of patients with burn disease to stimuli; data on the functional activity of neutrophils depending on various severities of the disease and response dynamics were obtained. Analysis of chemiluminescent curves of the development of respiratory explosion of neutrophils helped to reveal parameters of the immune system state, namely: a one— or two-phase response to a stimulus, a «rapid phase» neutrophil specific activity, and a «slow phase» neutrophil specific activity. Conclusion. The results revealed trends in alterations of functional activity of neutrophils in burn disease. Diagnostic and prognostic indices of the functional activity of neutrophils for assessing the severity of the disease and the prognosis of the septic process were suggested.Тенденция к развитию и генерализации инфекции у пациентов с тяжелой термической травмой реализуется за счет комплексного влияния термической травмы на иммунную систему. Особенно страдает фагоцитарная система, представленная, в первую очередь, нейтрофильными гранулоцитами. Цель исследования: определение динамики изменения функциональной активности нейтрофилов у пациентов с термической травмой, а также ее прогностической значимости при развитии гнойно-септических осложнений ожоговой болезни. Материалы и методы. Функциональную активность нейтрофилов оценивали на основе спонтанного и индуцированного хемилюминесцентного ответа цельной крови при последовательной стимуляции форбол-12-миристат-13-ацетатом (ФМА) и N-формил-метионил-лейцил-фенилаланином (фМЛФ). Было обследовано 34 пациента с ожоговой болезнью при разной тяжести течения ожоговой болезни и в динамике наблюдения. Результаты. Разработанная новая методика была использована для исследования цельной крови пациентов с ожоговой болезнью, получены данные о функциональной активности нейтрофилов при разной тяжести течения болезни и в динамике. В результате анализа хемилюминесцентных кривых развития респираторного взрыва нейтрофилов выявлены показатели, характеризующие состояние иммунной системы, а именно: одно— или двухфазный ответ на стимул, удельная активность нейтрофила «быстрой фазы», удельная активность нейтрофила «медленной фазы». Заключение. Результаты позволили выделить тенденции изменения функциональной активности нейтрофилов при ожоговой болезни. Предложены диагностические и прогностические показатели функциональной активности нейтрофилов для оценки тяжести болезни и прогноза септического процесса

Non-Functionalized Fullerenes and Endofullerenes in Aqueous Dispersions as Superoxide Scavengers

Endohedral metal fullerene are potential nanopharmaceuticals for MRI; thus, it is important to study their effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. Superoxide anion radical is one of the key ROS. The reactivity of aqueous dispersions of pristine (non-functionalized) fullerenes and Gd@C82 endofullerene have been studied with respect to superoxide in the xanthine/xanthine oxidase chemiluminescence system. It was found that C60 and C70 in aqueous dispersions react with superoxide as scavengers by a similar mechanism; differences in activity are determined by cluster parameters, primarily the concentration of available, acting molecules at the surface. Gd endofullerene is characterized by a significantly (one-and-a-half to two orders of magnitude) higher reactivity with respect to C60 and C70 and is likely to exhibit nanozyme (SOD-mimic) properties, which can be accounted for by the nonuniform distribution of electron density of the fullerene cage due to the presence of the endohedral atom; however, in the cell model, Gd@C82 showed the lowest activity compared to C60 and C70, which can be accounted for by its higher affinity for the lipid phase

Antioxidant potential of seminal plasma in normozoospermia and asthenozoospermia

The study objective is to evaluate the antioxidant potential of seminal plasma in normozoospermia and asthenozoospermia.Materials and methods. Samples of ejaculate from 57 men of reproductive age were studied. Standard spermiologic examination and determination of the antioxidant potential of the seminal fluid using an original chemiluminescent method were performed. The method allowed to measure duration of the latent period from the moment of a decrease in luminescence of the solution containing reactive oxygen species (ROS) after addition of the seminal fluid until the most dramatic increase in luminescence corresponding to decreased antioxidant effect of the seminal fluid.Results. In the samples, the latent time varies from 4.6 to 17.5 minutes. Compared with normozoospermia, the antioxidant potential is significantly lower (p = 0.05) in men with asthenozoospermia (about 1.4 times), and even lower in patients with asthenoteratozoospermia (about 1.7 times) (p = 0.03). An inverse weak correlation was found between the activity of leukocytes and latent time in pathospermia (r = –0.23 and –0.18 for asthenozoospermia и asthenoteratozoospermia, respectively). A direct strong correlation was found between ROS-producing sperm activity and latent time in normozoospermia (p = 0.79), and inverse correlation in pathospermia (r = –0.26 and –0.62 for asthenozoospermia и asthenoteratozoospermia, respectively).Conclusion. Pathospermia is characterized by antioxidant seminal plasma deficiency, more pronounced for asthenoteratozoospermia. The antioxidant system of seminal plasma correlates with the ROS-producing ability of leukocytes and, to a greater extent, of the sperm. With normozoospermia, the oxidative balance is maintained, with pathospermia, a higher value of ROS production by sperm corresponds to a lower value of antioxidant capacity

Antioxidant Potential of Aqueous Dispersions of Fullerenes C60, C70, and Gd@C82

The antioxidant potential (capacity and activity) of aqueous fullerene dispersions (AFD) of non-functionalized C60, C70, and Gd@C82 endofullerene (in micromolar concentration range) was estimated based on chemiluminescence measurements of the model of luminol and generation of organic radicals by 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (ABAP). The antioxidant capacity was estimated by the TRAP method, from the concentration of half-suppression, and from the suppression area in the initial period. All three approaches agree and show that the antioxidant capacity of AFDs increased in the order Gd@C82 < C70 < C60. Mathematical modeling of the long-term kinetics data was used for antioxidant activity estimation. The effect of C60 and C70 is found to be quenching of the excited product of luminol with ABAP-generated radical and not an actual antioxidant effect; quenching constants differ insignificantly. Apart from quenching with a similar constant, the AFD of Gd@C82 exhibits actual antioxidant action. The antioxidant activity in Gd@C82 is 300-fold higher than quenching constants